Magnetic resonance imaging study of the level of termination of the conus medullaris and the thecal sac: Influence of age and gender

Spine

Volumn 30, Issue 16, 2005, Pages 1875-1880

  Soleiman, Joseph ^a   Demaerel, Philippe ^a   Rocher, Steve ^b   Maes, Frederik ^a   Marchal, Guy ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Anatomy; Conus medullaris; Lumbar spine; Magnetic resonance imaging; Spinal cord

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; CADAVER; DATA ANALYSIS; FEMALE; GENDER; HUMAN; MALE; MEDULLARY CONE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPINAL CORD; THECAL SAC; THEORETICAL STUDY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGING; CHILD; FEMALE; HUMANS; LUMBAR VERTEBRAE; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SACRUM; SEX CHARACTERISTICS; THORACIC VERTEBRAE;

EID: 23944525832     PISSN: 03622436     EISSN: 15281159     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.brs.0000174116.74775.2e     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Nuhn A. Beobachtungen und Untersuchungen aus dem Gebiete der Anatomie, Physiologie, und practischen Medicin. Heidelberg, Germany: Heft 1; 1849.
2. Pfitzner W. Uber Wachstumsbeziehungen zwischen Rückenmark und Wirbelkanal. Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb 1881;9:99-116.
3. Thomson A. Fifth annual report of the Committee of Collective Investigation of the Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland for the Year 1893-1894. J Anat Physiol 1894;29:46-8.
4. McCotter RE. Regarding the length and extent of the human medulla spinalis. Anat Rec 1916;10:559-64.
5. Needles JH. The caudal level of termination of the spinal cord in American whites and American negroes. Anat Rec 1935;63:417-25.
6. Reiman AF, Anson BJ. Vertebral level of termination of the spinal cord with report of a case of a sacral cord. Anat Rec 1944;88:127-38.
7. Saifuddin A, Burnett JD, White J. The variation of position of the conus medullaris in an adult population. Spine 1998;23:1452-6.
8. McDonald A, Chatrath P, Spector T, et al. Level of termination of the spinal cord and the dural sac: A magnetic resonance study. Clin Anat 1999;12:149-52.
9. Demiryürek D, Aydingöz Ü, Aksit MD, et al. MR imaging determination of the normal level of conus medullaris. J Clin Imaging 2002;226:375-7.
10. Hansasuta A, Tuhhs RS, Oakes WJ. Filum terminale fusion and dural sac termination: Study in 27 cadavers. Pediatr Neurosurg 1999;30:176-9.
11. Maiuri F, Gangemi M, Gambardella A. Anatomical and radiological variations of the lumbar dural sac and nerve root sheaths. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1990;92:203-13.
12. Pearson K. Statistical tests. Nature 1935;136:296-7.
13. Gertzbein SD, Court-Brown CM, Marks P, et al. The neurological outcome following surgery for spinal fractures. Spine 1988;13:641-4.
14. Broadbent CR, Maxwell WB, Ferrie R, et al. Ability of anaesthetists to identify a marked lumbar interspace. Anaesthesia 2000;55:1122-6.
15. Reynolds F. Damage to the conus medullaris following spinal anaesthesia. Anesthesia 2001;56:238-47.
16. Lirk P, Messner H, Deibl M, et al. Accuracy in estimating the correct intervertebral space level during lumbar, thoeracic and cervical epidural anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2004;48:347-9.
17. Dunbar SF, Barnes PD, Tarbell NJ. Radiologic determination of the caudal border of the spinal field in cranial spinal irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1993;26:669-73.
18. Boonpirak N, Apinhasmit W. Length and caudal level of termination of spinal cord in Thai adults. Acta Anat (Basel) 1994;149:74-8.
19. Malas MA, Seker M, Salbacak A, et al. The relationship between the lumbosacral enlargement and the conus medullaris during the period of fetal development and adulthood. Surg Radiol Anat 2000;22:163-8.
20. Jinkins JR, Dworkin JS, Green CA, et al. Upright, weight-bearing, dynamic-kinetic MRI of the spine. Rivista di Neuroradiologia 2002;15:333-57.