Hydrogenation of polystyrene in CO 2-expanded solvents: Catalyst poisoning

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

Volumn 44, Issue 16, 2005, Pages 6164-6170

  Xu, Dawei ^a   Carbonell, Ruben G ^a   Kiserow, Douglas J ^a,b   Roberts, George W ^a  

^a North Carolina State University   (United States)

^b U S ARMY RESEARCH OFFICE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HYDROGENATION REACTIONS; LATTICE CARBON DIOXIDE; REVERSE WATER-GAS-SHIFT REACTION; SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE;

BARIUM COMPOUNDS; CARBON DIOXIDE; CATALYST POISONING; CHEMICAL REACTORS; METHANATION; NAPHTHALENE; ORGANIC SOLVENTS; POLYSTYRENES; REACTION KINETICS; SILICA;

HYDROGENATION;

HYDROGENATION;

EID: 23944511636     PISSN: 08885885     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ie040243q     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Roberts, G. W. The Influence of Mass and Heat Transfer on the Performance of Heterogeneous Catalysts in Gas/Liquid/ Solid System. In Catalysis in Organic Syntheses - 1976; Rylander, P. N., Greenfield, H., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, 1976; p 1.
2. Freemantle, M. Cleaning up Hydrogenations. Chem. Eng. News 2001, May 28, 30.
3. Baiker, A. Supercritical Fluids in Heterogeneous Catalysis. Chem. Rev. 1999, 99 (2), 453.
4. 2 in Green Chemical Synthesis and Processing. J. Supercrit. Fluids 2004, 28, 121.
5. 2. In Catalysis of Organic Reactions; Morrel, D. G., Ed.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 2003; p 461.
6. Tschan, R.; Wandeler, R.; Schneider, M. S.; Schuber, M. M.; Baiker, A. Continuous Semihydrogenation of Phenylacetylene over Amorphous PdsiSiig Alloy in "Supercritical" Carbon Dioxide: Relation between Catalytic Performance and Phase Behavior. J. Catal. 2001, 204, 219.
7. 19 in "Supercritical" Carbon Dioxide. Appl. Catal., A 2002, 223, 173.
8. 2-Swollen Solvents. J. Supercrit. Fluids, 2005, 24, 1.
9. 2. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1997, 52 (21/22), 4163.
10. 2. Catal. Today 1999, 48, 337.
11. Phiong, H.-S.; Lucien, F. P.; Adesina, A. A. Three-Phase Catalytic Hydrogenation of α-Methylstyrene in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. J. Supercrit. Fluids 2003, 25, 155.
12. Chouchi, D.; Gourgouillon, D.; Courel, M.; Vital, J.; da Ponte, M. N. The Influence of Phase Behavior on Reactions at Supercritical Conditions: The Hydrogenation of α-Pinene. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2001, 40, 2551.
13. 3 Catalysts. Appl. Catal., A 1997, 154, 155.
14. Osaki, T.; Narita, N.; Horiuchi, T.; Sugiyama, T.; Masuda, H.; Suzuki, K. Kinetics of Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) Reaction on Metal Disulfide Catalysts. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 1997, 125, 63.
15. Wang, G.; Jiang, L.; Zhou, Y.; Cai, Z.; Pan, Y.; Zhao, X.; Li, Y.; Sun, Y.; Zhong, B.; Pang, X.; Huang, W.; Xie, K. Investigation of the Kinetic Properties for the Forward and Reverse WGS Reaction by Energetic Analysis. J. Mol. Struct. (THEOCHEM) 2003, 634, 23-30.
16. Bustamante, F.; Enick, R. M.; Cugini, A. V.; Killmeyer, R. P.; Howard, B. H.; Rothenberger, K. S.; Ciocco, M. V.; Morreale, B. D.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Shi, S. High-Temperature Kinetics of the Homogeneous Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction. AICHE J. 2004, 50 (5), 1028.
17. Minder, B. J.; Malla, T.; Pickel, K. H.; Steiner, K.; Baiker, A. Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Ethyl Pyruvate in Supercritical Fluids. Catal. Lett. 1995, 34, 1.
18. 2. In High-Pressure Chemical Engineering; von Rohr, R., Trepp, C., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, 1996; p 139.
19. 2. Paper presented at 221st ACS National Meeting, San Diego, CA, April 1-5, 2001.
20. 3 Catalyst. Catal. Lett. 1999, 62, 175.
21. 2 Medium. Appl. Catal., B 2003, 43, 131.
22. 2 Medium. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2003, 42, 6688.
23. Burford, W. B., III; Frazer, J. C. W. The Poisoning of Nickel Hydrogenation Catalysts by Water Vapor. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67 (2), 331.
24. Wege, V.; Rechner, J.; Zirngiebl, E. Method for Hydrogenating Aromatic Polymers in the Presence of Hydrocarbons Which Contain Oxygen. U.S. Patent 6,420,491, Jul 16, 2002.
25. x-Free Hydrogen for Fuel Cells via Step-wise Hydrocarbon Reforming and Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia. Chem. Eng. J. 2003, 93, 69.
26. Xu, D.; Carbonell, R. G.; Kiserow, D. J.; Roberts, G. W. Kinetic and Transport Processes in the Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation of Polystyrene. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2003, 42 (15), 3509.
27. Newsome, D. S. The Water-Gas Shift Reaction. Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng. 1980, 21 (2), 275.
28. Bissett, L. Equilibrium Constants for Shift Reactions. Chem. Eng. 1977, 84 (23), 155.
29. Mills, G. A.; Steffgen, F. W. Catalytic Methanation. Catal. Rev. 1973, 8 (2), 159.
30. Fischer, F.; Tropsch, H.; Dilthey, P. The reduction of carbon monoxide to methane in the presence of various metals. BrennstoffChemie 1925, 6, 265.
31. Nicolaas, A.; Van Keulen, J. Carbon Monoxide Removal from a Reformate Gas. U.S. Patent 6,207,307, Mar 27, 2001.
32. Zhang, X.; Zong, B. Process for improving anti-poisoning ability of noble metal catalyst against carbon monoxide. Chinese Patent 1344585, Apr 17, 2002.
33. Zhang, X.; Zong, B.; Min, E. Complex Palladium Nickel Catalyst: Influence of the Nickel on the Palladium Performance. Prepr.-Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Pet. Chem. 2002, 47(4), 387.