Impacts of recreation trails on exotic and ruderal species distribution in grassland areas along the Colorado Front Range

Environmental Management

Volumn 36, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 230-236

  Potito, Aaron P ^a   Beatty, Susan W ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

Colorado; Exotic species; Grassland; Recreation trails; Ruderal species; Trail impacts

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; PLANTS (BOTANY); VEGETATION;

COLORADO; EXOTIC SPECIES; GRASSLANDS; RECREATION TRAILS; RUDERAL SPECIES; TRAIL IMPACTS;

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT;

ECOLOGICAL IMPACT; RECREATIONAL ACTIVITY; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EXOTIC SPECIES; GRASSLAND; NONHUMAN; RECREATION; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; UNITED STATES; VEGETATION;

BIODIVERSITY; COLORADO; ENVIRONMENT; PLANTS; RECREATION;

COLORADO; FRONT RANGE; NORTH AMERICA; ROCKY MOUNTAINS; UNITED STATES; WESTERN HEMISPHERE; WORLD;

EID: 23944493835     PISSN: 0364152X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00267-003-0177-0     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Adkison, G. P., and M. T. Jackson. 1996. Changes in ground-layer vegetation near trails in Midwestern U.S. forests. Natural Areas Journal 16:14-23.
2. Bauer, M. 2004. Recreation conflict at six Boulder County Parks and Open Space properties: a baseline study. County Parks and Open Space Recreational Conflicts Study 2004 Boulder Area Trails Coalition, Boulder, Colorado.
3. Benninger-Truax, M., J. L. Vankat, and R. L. Schaefer. 1992. Trail corridors and conduits for movement of plant species in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA. Landscape Ecology 6:269-278.
4. Boulder County Parks and Open Space. 1996. Boulder County Parks and Open Space North Foothills Management Plan, Boulder, Colorado.
5. Bright, J. A. 1986. Hiker impact on herbaceous vegetation along trails in an evergreen woodland of Central Texas. Biological Conservation 36:53-69.
6. City of Boulder Open Space Department. 1999. Long Range Management Plan, Boulder, Colorado.
7. Cole, D. N. 1981. Vegetational changes associated with recreational use and fire suppression in the Eagle Gap Wilderness, Oregon: some management implications. Biological Conservation 20:247-270.
8. Gómez-Limón, F. J., and J. V. DeLucio. 1995. Recreational activities and loss of diversity in grassland in Alta Manzanares Natural Park, Spain. Biological Conservation 74:99-105.
9. Hall, C. N., and F. R. Kuss. 1989. Vegetation alteration along trails in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. Biological Conservation 48:211-227.
10. Hobbs, R. J., and L. F. Huenneke. 1992. Disturbance, diversity, and invasion: implications for conservation. Conservation Biology 6:324-337.
11. Kellomaki, S., and V. L. Saastamoinen. 1975. Trampling tolerance of forest vegetation. Acta Forestalia Fennica 147:1-22.
12. Kent, M., and P. Coker. 1992. Vegetation description and analysis CRC Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 384 pp.
13. Kershaw, L. J., A. MacKinnon, and J. Pojar. 1998. Plants of the Rocky Mountains Lone Pine Publishing, Edmonton, Canada, 352 pp.
14. Knapp, P. A. 1996. Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L) dominance in the Great Basin Desert: history, persistence, and influences to human activities. Global Environmental Change - Human and Policy Dimensions 6:37-52.
15. Kotanen, P. M., J. Bergelson, and D. L. Hazlett. 1998. Habitats of native and exotic plants in Colorado shortgrass steppe: A comparative approach. Canadian Journal of Botany 76:664-672.
16. Lajeunesse, D., G. Domon, A. Cogliastro, and A. Bouchard. 1997. Monitoring recreational use in urban natural areas. Natural Areas Journal 17:366-379.
17. Leung, Y., and J. L. Marion. 2000. Recreation impacts and management in wilderness: A state of knowledge review. Pages 23-48 in D. N. Cole, S. F. McCool, W. T. Borrie, and J. O'Loughlin (comps.), Proceedings: Wilderness science in a time of change; Vol. 5: Wilderness ecosystems, threats, and management, May 23-27, 1999, Missoula, MT. Proceedings RMRS-P-15-Vol-5. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, Utah.
18. Marcus, W. A., G. Milner, and B. Maxwell. 1998. Spotted knapweed distribution in stock camps and trails of the Selway-Bitterroot wilderness. Great Basin Naturalist 58:156-166.
19. Marion, J. L., D. N. Cole, and S. P. Bratton. 1986. Exotic vegetation in wilderness areas. Pages 114-120 in R. C. Lucas (comp.), Proceedings of the National Wilderness Research Conference: Current Research, July 23-26 1985. Fort Collins, Colorado. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. Ogden, UT. General Technical Report, INT 212.
20. Parker, I. M., S. K. Mertens, and D. W. Schemske. 1993. Distribution of seven native and two exotic plants in a tallgrass prairie in Southeastern Wisconsin: The importance of human disturbance. American Midland Naturalist 130:43-55.
21. 4-dominated grassland: Invasibility, disturbance, and community structure. Oecologia 120:605-612.
22. Sorrells, L., and S. Glenn. 1991. Review of sampling techniques used in studies of grassland plant communities. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Sciences 71:43-45.
23. Stohlgren, T. J., K. A. Bull, and Y. Otsuki. 1998a. Comparison of rangeland sampling techniques in the central grasslands. Journal of Range Management 51:164-172.
24. Stohlgren, T. J., K. A. Bull, Y. Otsuki, C. A. Villa, and M. Lee. 1998b. Riparian zones as havens for exotic plant species in the central grasslands. Plant Ecology 138:113-125.
25. Tyser, R. W., and C. A. Worley. 1992. Alien flora in grasslands adjacent to roads and trail corridors in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Conservation Biology 6:253-262.
26. USDA, NRCS 1999. The PLANTS database (http://plant-s.usda.gov/plants). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
27. Weber, W. A. 1976. Rocky Mountain flora University Press of Colorado, Niwot, Colorado, 479 pp.
28. Yorks T. P., N. E. West, R. J. Mueller, and S. D. Warren. Toleration of traffic by vegetation: life form conclusions and summary extracts from a comprehensive database. Environmental Management 21:121-131.