The intelligence community and the war on terror: The role of behavioral science

Behavioral Sciences and the Law

Volumn 23, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 559-571

  Busch, Kenneth G ^a   Weissman, Sidney H ^b  

^a U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES   (United States)

^b NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASSAULT; BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE; PLANNING; REVIEW; ROLE PLAYING; SOCIAL SECURITY; TERRORISM; THREAT; UNITED STATES; WAR; WEAPON;

BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES; CIVIL DEFENSE; HUMANS; INTELLIGENCE; ROLE; TERRORISM; UNITED STATES;

EID: 23844522616     PISSN: 07353936     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/bsl.644     Document Type: Review

References (79)

1. 9/11 Commission preliminary report. National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States. Staff Statement No. 15: Overview of the Enemy. Retrieved June 21, 2004, from http://www.9-11commission.gov
2. 9/11 Commission Report. Final report of National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States. New York: Norton.
3. Alford, C. F. (1997). The political psychology of evil. Political Psychology, 18, 1-17.
4. Allison, G. (2004). How to stop nuclear terror. Foreign Affairs, 83(1), 64-74.
5. Bennett, R. M. (2004). Elite forces. (p. 180). London: Virgin.
6. Berkowitz, B. (2003). Failing to keep up with the information revolution. Studies In Intelligence, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 47(1), 67-74.
7. Bonn, K. E., & Baker, A. E. (2000). Guide to military operations other than war (p. 350). Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole.
8. Beyer, L. (2001). Strategies: Terrorist endgame. In Time Magazine, 15 October, 71.
9. Bush, G. W. (2001). Address to the Central Intelligence Agency: The President thanks the agency workforce for its efforts against terrorism. Studies In Intelligence, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency No. 11, Fall-Winter 2001 Unclassified Edition, 1-3.
10. Callum, R. (2001). The case for cultural diversity in the intelligence community. International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 14, 25-48.
11. Center for the Study of Intelligence Report. (2004). Intelligence for a new era in American foreign policy: 10-11 September 2003, Charlottesville, VA. Washington, DC: Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency.
12. Center for the Study of Intelligence Roundtable Report. (2004). Intelligence and policy: The evolving relationship: 10 November 2003, Washington, DC. Washington, DC: Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency.
13. Clausewitz, C. V. (1976/1984). On war (M. Howard, & P. Paret, trans.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. (Original work published 1832) Retrieved August 14, 2003, from http://www.clausewitz.com/ cwzhome/quotations.html
14. Collins, J. M. (2002). Military strategy: Principles, practices, and historical perspectives. Dulles, VA: Brassey. 99-108, 219-236, 304.
15. Congressional Reports. Joint inquiry into intelligence community activities before and after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Retrieved October 7, 2003, from http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/creports/ 911.html
16. Crawford, N. C. (2003). Just war theory and the U.S. counterterror war. Perspectives on Politics, 1, 5-25.
17. Crenshaw, M. (2000). The psychology of terrorism: An agenda for the 21st century. Political Psychology, 21, 405-420.
18. Department of Defense. (1996). Joint publication 3-53: Joint chiefs of staff doctrine for joint psychological operations, 10 July 1996. Retrieved December 1, 2004, from http://www.911investigations.net/document66.html
19. Department of Defense. (1999). Psychological operations: Air Force doctrine document 2-5.3, 27 August 1999. Retrieved December 1, 2004, from http://www.911investigations.net.document69.html
20. Department of Defense. (2003). Joint publication 3-53: Joint Chiefs of Staff doctrine for joint psychological operations, 5 September 2003. Retrieved December 1, 2004, from http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/ new_pubs/jp3_53.pdf
21. Donovan, W. J. (1944). Memorandum for the president. In Studies in Intelligence 45th Anniversary Issue, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency Special Unclassified Edition, Fall 2000, 21.
22. Dulles, A. W. (1959). William J. Donovan and the National Security. In Studies in Intelligence 45th Anniversary Issue, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency Special Unclassified Edition, Fall 2000, 13-25.
23. Fine, R. (1979). A history of psychoanalysis. New York: Columbia University Press.
24. Fine, R. (1981). The psychoanalytic vision. New York: Free Press.
25. Frost, D. (1981). An interview with Richard Helms. Studies in Intelligence 45th Anniversary Issue, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency Special Unclassified Edition, Fall 2000, 111.
26. Gibson, H. (2003). Roots of terror after 9/11; No pause in the recruiting. In Time Magazine, 15 September, 57-58.
27. Glad, B. (2002). Why tyrants go too far: Malignant narcissism and absolute power. Political Psychology, 23, 1-37.
28. Haass, R. N. (2002). Supporting U.S. foreign policy in the post-9/11 world. Studies in Intelligence, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 46, 1-13.
29. Henderson, R. D'A. (2003). Brassey's international intelligence yearbook. Washington, DC: Brassey.
30. Heuer, R. J. Jr. (1999). The psychology of intelligence analysis. Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved June 22, 2004, from http://www.odci.gov/csi/books/19104/art16.html.
31. Hoffman, B. (1999). The mind of the terrorist: Perspectives from social psychology. Psychiatric Annals, 29, 337-340.
32. Hudson, R. A. (1999). Who becomes a terrorist and why. Guilford: Lyons.
33. Israeli, R. (1997). Islamikaze and their significance. Terrorism and Political Violence, 9(3), 96.
34. Jeffrey-Jones, R. (2003). The CIA and american democracy (3rd ed.). New York: Yale University Press.
35. Jones, R. V. (1995). Some lessons in intelligence. Studies In Intelligence, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 38, 5. Retrieved October 4, 2003, from http://www.cia.gov/ csi/studies/95/ unclass/in
36. Joyner, C. C. (1988). In search of an anti-terrorist policy: Lessons from the Reagan era. Terrorism, 11(1), 29-42.
37. Kessler, R. (2003). The CIA at war. New York: St Martin's.
38. Kindsvater, L. C. (2003). The need to reorganize the intelligence community. Studies In Intelligence, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 47(1), 33-37.
39. Kinsman, N. R. (2001). Openness and the future of the Clandestine Service. Studies In Intelligence, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, Unclassified Edition, 10, 55-61.
40. Kohut, H. (1971). The analysis of the self. New York: International University Press.
41. Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. New York: International University Press.
42. Kurlantzick, J. (2002). Tilting at dominos: America and Al-Qaeda in Southeast Asia. Current History, December, 421-426.
43. Lifton, R. J. (1999). Destroying the world to save it: Aum Shinnkyo, apocalyptic violence, and the new global terrorism. New York: Holt.
44. Mandlebaum, M. (1979). The nuclear question: The United States and nuclear weapons 1946-1976. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
45. Miller, M., & File, J. (2001). Terrorism factbook: Our nation at war. Peoria: Bolix.
46. Monroe, K. R., & Kreidie, L. H. (1997). The perspective of Islamic fundamentalists and the limits of rational choice theory. Political Psychology, 18, 19-43.
47. Mueller, R. S. (2003). Testimony of the FBI Director Robert S. Mueller III before the Select Committee on Intelligence of the United States Senate: War on terrorism, February 11, 2003. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved July 31, 2003, from http://www.fbi.gov/congress/congress03/mueller021103.htm
48. Mueller, R. S. (2004). Remarks prepared for delivery by Director Robert S. Mueller III, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Washington, D.C., Council on Foreign Relations June 22, 2004: Tomorrow's FBI: Changing to meet new challenges. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved June 24, 2004, from http://www.fbi.gov/ pressrel/speeches/speech062204.htm
49. Nolte, W. (2004a). Keeping pace with the revolution in military affairs. Studies in Intelligence. Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 48(1), 9.
50. Nolte, W. (2004b). Preserving central intelligence: Assessment and evaluation in support of the DCI. Studies in Intelligence, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 48(3), 21-25.
51. Olson, J. M. (2001). The ten commandments of counterintelligence. Studies in Intelligence. Center for the study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 11, unclassified edition.
52. Palfy, A. (2003). Weapon system selection and mass-casualty outcomes. Terrorism and Political Violence, 15(2), 81-95.
53. Pape, R. A. (2003). The strategic logic of suicide terrorism. American Political Science Review, 97, 343-361.
54. Pappas, A. A., & Simon, J. M. Jr. (2002). The intelligence community: 2001-2015. Studies In Intelligence, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 46, 39-47.
55. Pasternak, D. (2003). Lack of intelligence 2003. U.S. News and World Report, 135, 35-43.
56. Pillar, P. (2001). Terrorism and U.S. foreign policy. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
57. Pillar, P. (2003). Metaphors and mantras: A comment on Shultz and Vogt's discussion of terrorism, intelligence and war. Terrorism and Political Violence, 15(2), 139-151.
58. Post, J. M. (1984). Dreams of glory and the life cycle: Reflections on the life cycle of narcissistic leaders. Journal of Political and Military Sociology, 12, 49-59.
59. Post, J. M. (1986a). Narcissism and the charismatic leader-follower relationship. Political Psychology, 7, 675-688.
60. Post, J. M. (1986b). Hostilité, Conformité, fraternité: The group dynamics of terrorist behavior. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 36, 211-224.
61. Post, J. M. (1993). Current concepts of the narcissistic personality: Implications for political psychology. Political Psychology, 14, 99-121.
62. Powell, C. L. (2004). A strategy of partnerships. Foreign Affairs, 83(1), 22.
63. Reid, W. H. (2003). Terrorism and forensic psychiatry. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 31, 285-288.
64. Rice, S. E. (2004). U.S. national security policy post-9/11: Perils and prospects. The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs, 28(1), 133-144.
65. Rigaud, M. C., & Flynn, C. F. (1995). Fitness for duty evaluation in industrial and military workers. Psychiatric Annals, 25, 246-250.
66. Rumsfeld, D. H. (2001). A new kind of war, Speech by the Secretary of Defense as published in The New York Times September 27, 2001. United States Department of Defense. Retrieved June 2, 2004, from http://www.defenselink.mil/ speeches/2001/s20010927-secdef.html
67. Saper, B. (1988). On learning terrorism. Terrorism, 11(1), 13-27.
68. Scott, M., & Harnett, C. A. (1995). Psychiatrists in the workplace. Psychiatric Annals, 25, 224-228.
69. Shultz, R. H., & Vogt, A. (2003). It's war! Fighting post-11 September global terrorism through a doctrine of preemption. Terrorism and Political Violence, 15(1), 21-22.
70. Sperry, L. (1995). Distressed executives and organizations in crisis. Psychiatric Annals, 25, 238-241.
71. Sperry, L. (1998). Organizations that foster inappropriate aggression. Psychiatric Annals, 28, 279-284.
72. Stanton, J. (2001). U.S. intelligence community reaches crossroads. National Defense Magazine. December 2001. Retrieved July 31, 2003, from http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/article.cfm
73. Strenski, I. (2003). Sacrifice, gift and the social logic of Muslim "human bombers". Terrorism and Political Violence, 15(3), 1-34.
74. Tenet, G. J. (2004). The worldwide threat 2004: Challenges in a changing global context, Testimony of Director of Central Intelligence George J. Tenet before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. Central Intelligence Agency, February 24, 2004. Retrieved February 26, 2004, from http://www. cia.gov/cia/public_affairs/speeches/2004/dci_speech_02142004.html
75. Tenet, G. J. (2004). Remarks by the Director of Central Intelligence George J. Tenet to employees of the Central Intelligence Agency and the U.S. intelligence community. Central Intelligence Agency, June 3, 2004. Retrieved June 22, 2004, from http://www.cia.gov/public_affairs/press_release/2004/ pr06032004.html
76. Thompson, J. E. (2002). Virtual regime: A new actor in the geopolitical arena. PS: Political Science and Politics, 35, 507-508.
77. Travers, R. (1997). The coming intelligence failure. Studies In Intelligence, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, Semiannual Edition, No. 1. Retrieved October 4, 2003, from http://www.cia.gov/ csi/studies/97/unclass/in
78. Tucker, J. B. (2003). Strategies for countering terrorism: Lesson from the Israeli experience. Journal of Homeland Security, March 2003. Retrieved July 11, 2003, from http://www.homelandsecurity.org/ journal/articles
79. Warner, M. (1996). The creation of the Central Intelligence Group. Studies in Intelligence, Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 38, 5. Retrieved October 4, 2003, from http:// www.cia.gov/csi/studies/96/unclass/in