Hunting techniques and tool use by North American badgers preying on Richardson's ground squirrels

Journal of Mammalogy

Volumn 85, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 1019-1027

  Michener, Gail R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LETHBRIDGE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Extractive foraging; Mortality; Predation; Spermophilus richardsonii; Taxidea taxus; Tool use

Indexed keywords

FORAGING BEHAVIOR; MUSTELID; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTION; PREY CAPTURE; TOOL USE;

ALBERTA; CANADA; NORTH AMERICA; WESTERN HEMISPHERE; WORLD;

SCIURIDAE; SPERMOPHILUS; SPERMOPHILUS RICHARDSONII; TAXIDEA; TAXIDEA TAXUS; TAXIDIINAE; TAXUS;

EID: 23844518707     PISSN: 00222372     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1644/BNS-102     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. ALCOCK, J. 1972. The evolution of the use of tools by feeding animals. Evolution 26:464-473.
2. ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE. 1998. Guidelines for the capture, handling, and care of mammals as approved by The American Society of Mammalogists. Journal of Mammalogy 79:1416-1431.
3. BECK, B. B. 1980. Animal tool behavior: the use and manufacture of tools by animals. Garland STPM Press, New York.
4. CALKINS, D. G. 1978. Feeding behavior and major prey species of the sea otter, Enhydra lutris, in Montague Strait, Prince William Sound, Alaska. Fishery Bulletin 76:125-131.
5. CANADIAN COUNCIL ON ANIMAL CARE. 2003. Canadian Council on Animal Care guidelines on: the care and use of wildlife. Canadian Council on Animal Care, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
6. CHARGE, T. D. 2001. Hibernation biology of Richardson's ground squirrels: hibernaculum systems and energy utilization. M.Sc. thesis, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
7. CHEVALIER-SKOLNIKOFF, S., AND J. LISKA. 1993. Tool use by wild and captive elephants. Animal Behaviour 46:209-219.
8. FRAGASZY, D. M., AND L. E. ADAMS-CURTIS. 1991. Generative aspects of manipulation in tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). Journal of Comparative Psychology 105:387-397.
9. GOODRICH, J. M., AND S. W. BUSKIRK. 1998. Spacing and ecology of North American badgers (Taxidea taxus) in a prairie-dog (Cynomys leucurus) complex. Journal of Mammalogy 79:171-179.
10. GRIFFIN, D. R. 2001. Animal minds: beyond cognition to consciousness. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
11. HALL, K. R. L., AND G. B. SCHALLER. 1964. Tool-using behavior of the California sea otter. Journal of Mammalogy 45:287-298.
12. HOUK, J. L., AND J. J. GEIBEL. 1974. Observation of underwater tool use by the sea otter, Enhydra lutris Linnaeus. California Fish and Game 60:207-208.
13. HUNT, G. R. 2000. Tool use by the New Caledonian crow Corvus moneduloides to obtain Cerambycidae from dead wood. Emu 100:109-114.
14. JENSE, G. K., AND R. L. LINDER. 1970. Food habits of badgers in eastern South Dakota. Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science 49:37-41.
15. KNOPF, F. L., AND D. F. BALPH. 1969. Badgers plug burrows to confine prey. Journal of Mammalogy 50:635-636.
16. KOFORD, C. B. 1958. Prairie dogs, whitefaces, and blue grama. Wildlife Monographs 3:1-78.
17. LAMPE, R. P. 1976. Aspects of the predatory strategy of the North American badger, Taxidea taxus. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Minnesota, St. Paul.
18. LEFEBVRE, L., N. NICOLAKAKIS, AND D. BOIRE. 2002. Tools and brains in birds. Behaviour 139:939-973.
19. LEHNER, P. N. 1981. Coyote-badger associations. Great Basin Naturalist 41:347-348.
20. LINDZEY, F. G. 1982. Badger (Taxidea taxus). Pp. 653-663 in Wild mammals of North America: biology, management, and economics (J. A. Chapman and G. A. Feldhamer, eds.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland.
21. MCGREW, W. C. 1992. Chimpanzee material culture: implications for human evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
22. MCLEAN, I. G. 1978. Plugging of nest burrows by female Spermophilus columbianus. Journal of Mammalogy 59:437-439.
23. MESSICK, J. P. 1987. North American badger. Pp. 587-597 in Wild furbearer management and conservation in North America. (M. Novak, J. A. Baker, M. E. Obbard, and B. Malloch, eds.). Ontario Trappers Association, Toronto, Canada.
24. MESSICK, J. P., AND M. G. HORNOCKER. 1981. Ecology of the badger in southwestern Idaho. Wildlife Monographs 76:1-53.
25. MESSICK, J. P., M. C. TODD, AND M. G. HORNOCKER. 1981. Comparative ecology of two badger populations. Pp. 1290-1304 in Proceedings of the Worldwide Furbearer Conference (J. Chapman and D. Pursley, eds.), Frostburg, Maryland.
26. MICHENER, G. R. 1971. Maternal behaviour in Richardson's ground squirrel, Spermophilus richardsonii richardsonii: retrieval of young by lactating females. Animal Behaviour 19:653-656.
27. MICHENER, G. R. 1992. Sexual differences in over-winter torpor patterns of Richardson's ground squirrels in natural hibernacula. Oecologia 89:397-406.
28. MICHENER, G. R. 1998. Sexual differences in reproductive effort of Richardson's ground squirrels. Journal of Mammalogy 79:1-19.
29. MICHENER, G. R. 2000. Caching of Richardson's ground squirrels by North American badgers. Journal of Mammalogy 81:1106-1117.
30. MICHENER, G. R. 2002. Seasonal use of subterranean sleep and hibernation sites by adult female Richardson's ground squirrels. Journal of Mammalogy 83:999-1012.
31. MICHENER, G. R., AND A. N. IWANIUK. 2001. Killing technique of North American badgers preying on Richardson's ground squirrels. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79:2109-2113.
32. MICHENER, G. R., AND L. LOCKLEAR. 1990. Differential costs of reproductive effort for male and female Richardson's ground squirrels. Ecology 71:855-868.
33. MINTA, S. C., AND R. E. MARSH. 1988. Badgers (Taxidea taxus) as occasional pests in agriculture. Pp. 199-208 in Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference (A. C. Crabb and R. E. Marsh, eds.). University of California, Davis.
34. MINTA, S. C., K. A. MINTA, AND D. F. LOTT. 1992. Hunting associations between badgers (Taxidea taxus) and coyotes (Canis latrans). Journal of Mammalogy 73:814-820.
35. MURIE, J. O. 1992. Predation by badgers on Columbian ground squirrels. Journal of Mammalogy 73:385-394.
36. QUAIFE, L. R. 1978. The form and function of the North American badger (Taxidea taxus) in relation to its fossorial way of life. M.Sc. thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
37. SARGEANT, A. B., AND D. W. WARNER. 1972. Movements and denning habits of a badger. Journal of Mammalogy 53:207-210.
38. SAWYER, E. J. 1925. Badger runs down ground squirrels. Journal of Mammalogy 6:125-126.
39. SCHWAB, E. R. 1978. An observation of badger predation on Richardson ground squirrels. Prairie Naturalist 10:60-61.
40. SHAW, W. T. 1925. Notes on the ecology of the Columbian ground squirrel (Citellus columbianus columbianus) at Pullman, Washington. Murrelet 6:46-54.
41. SLADE, N. A., AND D. F. BALPH. 1974. Population ecology of Uinta ground squirrels. Ecology 55:989-1003.
42. SNEAD, E., AND G. O. HENDRICKSON. 1942. Food habits of the badger in Iowa. Journal of Mammalogy 23:380-391.
43. STOINSKI, T. S., AND B. B. BECK. 2001. Spontaneous tool use in captive, free-ranging golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia rosalia). Primates 42:319-326.
44. SUZUKI, S., S. KURODA, AND T. NISHIHARA. 1995. Tool-set for termite-fishing by chimpanzees in the Ndoki Forest, Congo. Behaviour 132:219-235.
45. THOMPSON, S. E., JR. 1979. Socioecology of the yellow-bellied marmot (Marmota flaviventris) in central Oregon. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.
46. VAN SCHAIK, C. P., R. O. DEANER, AND M. Y. MERRILL. 1999. The conditions for tool use in primates: implications for the evolution of material culture. Journal of Human Evolution 36:719-741.
47. WHITEN, A., ET AL. 2001. Charting cultural variation in chimpanzees. Behaviour 138:1481-1516.
48. YOUNG, P. J. 1990. Hibernating patterns of free-ranging Columbian ground squirrels. Oecologia 83:504-511.