메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 85, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 940-947

Maternal age drives seasonal variation in litter size of Peromyscus leucopus

Author keywords

Age; Litter size; Parity; Peromyscus; Reproduction; Season; Strategies; White footed mouse

Indexed keywords

AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCE; LITTER SIZE; MATERNAL EFFECT; REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGY; RODENT; SEASONAL VARIATION;

EID: 23844509557     PISSN: 00222372     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1644/013     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (17)

References (85)
  • 1
    • 0031890895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on first reproduction in North American red squirrels
    • BECKER, C. D., S. BOUTIN, AND K. W. LARSEN. 1998. Constraints on first reproduction in North American red squirrels. Oikos 81:81-92.
    • (1998) Oikos , vol.81 , pp. 81-92
    • Becker, C.D.1    Boutin, S.2    Larsen, K.W.3
  • 2
    • 0002123496 scopus 로고
    • The costs of reproduction and their consequences
    • BELL, G. 1980. The costs of reproduction and their consequences. American Naturalist 166:45-76.
    • (1980) American Naturalist , vol.166 , pp. 45-76
    • Bell, G.1
  • 3
    • 0026596429 scopus 로고
    • Survival and reproduction in Peromyscus leucopus in the laboratory: Viable model for ageing studies
    • BURGER, J., AND M. GOCHFELD. 1992. Survival and reproduction in Peromyscus leucopus in the laboratory: viable model for ageing studies. Growth, Development and Ageing 56:17-22.
    • (1992) Growth, Development and Ageing , vol.56 , pp. 17-22
    • Burger, J.1    Gochfeld, M.2
  • 4
  • 5
    • 77049158727 scopus 로고
    • The population consequences of life history phenomena
    • COLE, L. C. 1954. The population consequences of life history phenomena. Quarterly Review of Biology 29:103-137.
    • (1954) Quarterly Review of Biology , vol.29 , pp. 103-137
    • Cole, L.C.1
  • 6
    • 0005246045 scopus 로고
    • Phenologic influences on cohort-specific reproductive strategies in mice (Peromyscus polionotus)
    • DAPSON, R. W. 1979. Phenologic influences on cohort-specific reproductive strategies in mice (Peromyscus polionotus). Ecology 60:1125-1131.
    • (1979) Ecology , vol.60 , pp. 1125-1131
    • Dapson, R.W.1
  • 7
    • 0028974706 scopus 로고
    • Maternal traits and reproduction in Richardson's ground squirrels
    • DOBSON, F. S., AND G. R. MICHENER. 1995. Maternal traits and reproduction in Richardson's ground squirrels. Ecology 76:851-862.
    • (1995) Ecology , vol.76 , pp. 851-862
    • Dobson, F.S.1    Michener, G.R.2
  • 8
    • 0015623862 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of reproduction in a laboratory colony of Peromyscus
    • DRICKAMER, L. C., AND B. M. VESTAL. 1973. Patterns of reproduction in a laboratory colony of Peromyscus. Journal of Mammalogy 54:523-528.
    • (1973) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.54 , pp. 523-528
    • Drickamer, L.C.1    Vestal, B.M.2
  • 9
    • 0025250855 scopus 로고
    • Intraspecific variation in body size, metabolic rate, and reproduction of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)
    • EARLE, M., AND D. M. LAVIGNE. 1990. Intraspecific variation in body size, metabolic rate, and reproduction of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). Canadian Journal of Zoology 68:381-388.
    • (1990) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.68 , pp. 381-388
    • Earle, M.1    Lavigne, D.M.2
  • 10
    • 0026305290 scopus 로고
    • Effects of litter size and population dynamics on juvenile and maternal survival in Columbian ground squirrels
    • FESTA-BIANCHET, M., AND W. J. KING. 1991. Effects of litter size and population dynamics on juvenile and maternal survival in Columbian ground squirrels. Journal of Animal Ecology 60:1077-1090.
    • (1991) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.60 , pp. 1077-1090
    • Festa-Bianchet, M.1    King, W.J.2
  • 11
    • 0001135646 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive habits in the snow goose: The influence of female age
    • FINNEY, G., AND F. COOKE. 1978. Reproductive habits in the snow goose: the influence of female age. Condor 80:147-158.
    • (1978) Condor , vol.80 , pp. 147-158
    • Finney, G.1    Cooke, F.2
  • 12
    • 0006880058 scopus 로고
    • On the evolution of litter size in Peromyscus leucopus
    • FLEMING, T. H., AND R. J. RAUSCHER. 1978. On the evolution of litter size in Peromyscus leucopus. Evolution 32:45-55.
    • (1978) Evolution , vol.32 , pp. 45-55
    • Fleming, T.H.1    Rauscher, R.J.2
  • 13
    • 0000164152 scopus 로고
    • Effects of extra food on Peromyscus and Clethrionomys populations in the southern Yukon
    • GILBERT, B. S., AND C. J. KREBS. 1981. Effects of extra food on Peromyscus and Clethrionomys populations in the southern Yukon. Oecologia 51:326-331.
    • (1981) Oecologia , vol.51 , pp. 326-331
    • Gilbert, B.S.1    Krebs, C.J.2
  • 14
    • 0000792244 scopus 로고
    • Energetics of litter size in five species of Peromyscus with generalizations for other mammals
    • GLAZIER, D. S. 1985. Energetics of litter size in five species of Peromyscus with generalizations for other mammals. Journal of Mammalogy 66:629-642.
    • (1985) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.66 , pp. 629-642
    • Glazier, D.S.1
  • 15
    • 0024424393 scopus 로고
    • Differences in fertility and suckling patterns between primiparous and multiparous rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
    • GOMENDIO, M. 1989. Differences in fertility and suckling patterns between primiparous and multiparous rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 87:529-542.
    • (1989) Journal of Reproduction and Fertility , vol.87 , pp. 529-542
    • Gomendio, M.1
  • 16
    • 0001828078 scopus 로고
    • Survival and dispersal of young white-footed mice born in nest boxes
    • GOUNDIE, T. R., AND S. H. VESSEY. 1986. Survival and dispersal of young white-footed mice born in nest boxes. Journal of Mammalogy 67:53-60.
    • (1986) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.67 , pp. 53-60
    • Goundie, T.R.1    Vessey, S.H.2
  • 17
    • 0013942563 scopus 로고
    • The moulding of senescence by natural selection
    • HAMILTON, W. D. 1966. The moulding of senescence by natural selection. Journal of Theoretical Biology 12:12-45.
    • (1966) Journal of Theoretical Biology , vol.12 , pp. 12-45
    • Hamilton, W.D.1
  • 18
    • 0001576616 scopus 로고
    • An experimental test for a ceiling on sustained metabolic rate in lactating mice
    • HAMMOND, K. A., AND J. DIAMOND. 1992. An experimental test for a ceiling on sustained metabolic rate in lactating mice. Physiological Zoology 65:952-977.
    • (1992) Physiological Zoology , vol.65 , pp. 952-977
    • Hammond, K.A.1    Diamond, J.2
  • 19
    • 0030894556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximal sustained energy budgets in humans and animals
    • HAMMOND, K. A., AND J. DIAMOND. 1997. Maximal sustained energy budgets in humans and animals. Nature 386:457-462.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.386 , pp. 457-462
    • Hammond, K.A.1    Diamond, J.2
  • 21
    • 0021890491 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of mortality and age at first reproduction in natural populations of mammals
    • HARVEY, P. H., AND R. M. ZAMMUTO. 1985. Patterns of mortality and age at first reproduction in natural populations of mammals. Nature 315:319-320.
    • (1985) Nature , vol.315 , pp. 319-320
    • Harvey, P.H.1    Zammuto, R.M.2
  • 22
    • 0343126423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple nest boxes per station in the study of Peromyscus leucopus
    • HAVELKA, M. A., AND J. S. MILLAR. 1996. Multiple nest boxes per station in the study of Peromyscus leucopus. American Midland Naturalist 135:376-380.
    • (1996) American Midland Naturalist , vol.135 , pp. 376-380
    • Havelka, M.A.1    Millar, J.S.2
  • 23
    • 0033853480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of artificial nest sites as a function of age of litter in Peromyscus leucopus
    • HAVELKA, M. A., AND J. S. MILLAR. 2000. Use of artificial nest sites as a function of age of litter in Peromyscus leucopus. American Midland Naturalist 144:152-158.
    • (2000) American Midland Naturalist , vol.144 , pp. 152-158
    • Havelka, M.A.1    Millar, J.S.2
  • 24
    • 0008363350 scopus 로고
    • The influence of age on the breeding biology of ring-billed gulls
    • HAYMES, G. T., AND H. BLOKPOEL. 1980. The influence of age on the breeding biology of ring-billed gulls. Wilson Bulletin 92:221-228.
    • (1980) Wilson Bulletin , vol.92 , pp. 221-228
    • Haymes, G.T.1    Blokpoel, H.2
  • 25
    • 0343126422 scopus 로고
    • Dispersal, amount of inbreeding, and longevity of a local population of prairie deer mice on the George Reserve, southern Michigan
    • Laboratory of Vertebrate Biology, University of Michigan
    • HOWARD, W. E. 1949. Dispersal, amount of inbreeding, and longevity of a local population of prairie deer mice on the George Reserve, southern Michigan. Contributions, Laboratory of Vertebrate Biology, University of Michigan 43:1-52.
    • (1949) Contributions , vol.43 , pp. 1-52
    • Howard, W.E.1
  • 26
    • 0000303555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recruitment in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) as a function of litter size, parity, and season
    • JACQUOT, J. J., AND S. H. VESSEY. 1998. Recruitment in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) as a function of litter size, parity, and season. Journal of Mammalogy 79:312-319.
    • (1998) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.79 , pp. 312-319
    • Jacquot, J.J.1    Vessey, S.H.2
  • 27
    • 33645252903 scopus 로고
    • Variation in reproduction of a subtropical population of Peromyscus leucopus
    • (R. E. Martin and B. R. Chapman, eds.) Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University 22, Lubbock
    • JUDD, F. W., G. CARPENTER, AND M. WAGNER. 1984. Variation in reproduction of a subtropical population of Peromyscus leucopus. Pp. 1-234 in Contributions in mammalogy in honor of Robert L. Packard (R. E. Martin and B. R. Chapman, eds.) Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University 22, Lubbock.
    • (1984) Contributions in Mammalogy in Honor of Robert L. Packard , pp. 1-234
    • Judd, F.W.1    Carpenter, G.2    Wagner, M.3
  • 28
    • 0021952929 scopus 로고
    • Digestive adaptations for fueling the cost of endothermy
    • KARASOV, W. H., AND J. DIAMOND. 1985. Digestive adaptations for fueling the cost of endothermy. Science 228:202-204.
    • (1985) Science , vol.228 , pp. 202-204
    • Karasov, W.H.1    Diamond, J.2
  • 29
    • 0025638283 scopus 로고
    • Dispersal and inbreeding avoidance in the white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus
    • KEANE, B. 1990. Dispersal and inbreeding avoidance in the white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus. Animal Behaviour 40:143-152.
    • (1990) Animal Behaviour , vol.40 , pp. 143-152
    • Keane, B.1
  • 30
    • 0026314114 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of senescence: Late survival sacrificed for reproduction
    • (P. H. Harvey, L. Partridge, and T. R. E. Southwood, eds.) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    • KIRKWOOD, T. B. L., AND M. R. ROSE. 1991. Evolution of senescence: late survival sacrificed for reproduction. Pp. 15-24 in The evolution of reproductive strategies (P. H. Harvey, L. Partridge, and T. R. E. Southwood, eds.) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
    • (1991) The Evolution of Reproductive Strategies , pp. 15-24
    • Kirkwood, T.B.L.1    Rose, M.R.2
  • 31
    • 0026564033 scopus 로고
    • Optimal allocation of resources to growth and reproduction: Implications for age and size at maturity
    • KOZLOWSKI, J. 1992. Optimal allocation of resources to growth and reproduction: implications for age and size at maturity. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 7:15-19.
    • (1992) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.7 , pp. 15-19
    • Kozlowski, J.1
  • 32
    • 0001979316 scopus 로고
    • Population fluctuations in the small mammals of the Kluane Region, Yukon Territory
    • KREBS, C. J., AND I. WINGATE. 1985. Population fluctuations in the small mammals of the Kluane Region, Yukon Territory. Canadian Field-Naturalist 99:51-61.
    • (1985) Canadian Field-Naturalist , vol.99 , pp. 51-61
    • Krebs, C.J.1    Wingate, I.2
  • 33
    • 0008260619 scopus 로고
    • Intraspecific litter size variation in Microtus californicus: Variation within populations
    • KROHNE, D. T. 1981. Intraspecific litter size variation in Microtus californicus: variation within populations. Journal of Mammalogy 62:29-40.
    • (1981) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.62 , pp. 29-40
    • Krohne, D.T.1
  • 34
    • 0034026868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does primiparity affect the efficiency of converting energy to offspring production in the guinea-pig?
    • KÜNKELE, J. 2000. Does primiparity affect the efficiency of converting energy to offspring production in the guinea-pig? Canadian Journal of Zoology 78:300-306.
    • (2000) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.78 , pp. 300-306
    • Künkele, J.1
  • 35
    • 0041996091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inefficiency of lactation in primiparous rats: The cost of first reproduction
    • KÜNKELE, J., AND G. J. KENAGY. 1997. Inefficiency of lactation in primiparous rats: the cost of first reproduction. Physiological Zoology 70:571-577.
    • (1997) Physiological Zoology , vol.70 , pp. 571-577
    • Künkele, J.1    Kenagy, G.J.2
  • 36
    • 0017018621 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction, growth and development in the Yucatan deer mouse, Peromyscus yucatanicus
    • LACKEY, J. A. 1976. Reproduction, growth and development in the Yucatan deer mouse, Peromyscus yucatanicus. Journal of Mammalogy 57:638-655.
    • (1976) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.57 , pp. 638-655
    • Lackey, J.A.1
  • 37
    • 0008614522 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction, growth and development in high-latitude and low-latitude populations of Peromyscus leucopus (Rodentia)
    • LACKEY, J. A. 1978. Reproduction, growth and development in high-latitude and low-latitude populations of Peromyscus leucopus (Rodentia). Journal of Mammalogy 59:69-83.
    • (1978) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.59 , pp. 69-83
    • Lackey, J.A.1
  • 38
    • 0002079134 scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny
    • (J. A. King, ed.). Special Publication 2. American Society of Mammalogy, Stillwater, Oklahoma
    • LAYNE, J. N. 1968. Ontogeny. Pp. 148-253 in Biology of Peromyscus (Rodentia) (J. A. King, ed.). Special Publication 2. American Society of Mammalogy, Stillwater, Oklahoma.
    • (1968) Biology of Peromyscus (Rodentia) , pp. 148-253
    • Layne, J.N.1
  • 39
    • 0033491970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breeding by young-of-the-year female deer mice: Why weight?
    • MCADAM, A., AND J. S. MILLAR. 1999. Breeding by young-of-the-year female deer mice: why weight? Écoscience 6:400-405.
    • (1999) Écoscience , vol.6 , pp. 400-405
    • McAdam, A.1    Millar, J.S.2
  • 41
    • 0027084789 scopus 로고
    • State-dependent life-history theory and its implications for optimal clutch size
    • MCNAMARA, J. M., AND A. I. HOUSTON. 1992. State-dependent life-history theory and its implications for optimal clutch size. Evolutionary Ecology 6:170-185.
    • (1992) Evolutionary Ecology , vol.6 , pp. 170-185
    • McNamara, J.M.1    Houston, A.I.2
  • 42
    • 0029667051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State-dependent life histories
    • MCNAMARA, J. M., AND A. I. HOUSTON. 1996. State-dependent life histories. Nature 380:215-221.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.380 , pp. 215-221
    • McNamara, J.M.1    Houston, A.I.2
  • 43
    • 0016527854 scopus 로고
    • Tactics of energy partitioning in breeding Peromyscus
    • MILLAR, J. S. 1975. Tactics of energy partitioning in breeding Peromyscus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 53:967-976.
    • (1975) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.53 , pp. 967-976
    • Millar, J.S.1
  • 44
    • 0001643049 scopus 로고
    • Energetics of reproduction in Peromyscus leucopus: The cost of lactation
    • MILLAR, J. S. 1978. Energetics of reproduction in Peromyscus leucopus: the cost of lactation. Ecology 59:1055-1069.
    • (1978) Ecology , vol.59 , pp. 1055-1069
    • Millar, J.S.1
  • 45
    • 0020354697 scopus 로고
    • Life cycle characteristics of northern Peromyscus maniculatus borealis
    • MILLAR, J. S. 1982. Life cycle characteristics of northern Peromyscus maniculatus borealis. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:510-515.
    • (1982) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.60 , pp. 510-515
    • Millar, J.S.1
  • 46
    • 0022191629 scopus 로고
    • Life cycle characteristics of Peromyscus maniculatus nebracensis
    • MILLAR, J. S. 1985. Life cycle characteristics of Peromyscus maniculatus nebracensis. Canadian Journal of Zoology 63:1280-1284.
    • (1985) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.63 , pp. 1280-1284
    • Millar, J.S.1
  • 47
    • 0001539175 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction and development
    • (G. L. Kirkland, Jr., and J. N. Layne, eds.). Texas Tech University Press, Lubbock
    • MILLAR, J. S. 1989. Reproduction and development. Pp. 169-232 in Advances in the study of Peromyscus (Rodentia) (G. L. Kirkland, Jr., and J. N. Layne, eds.). Texas Tech University Press, Lubbock.
    • (1989) Advances in the Study of Peromyscus (Rodentia) , pp. 169-232
    • Millar, J.S.1
  • 48
    • 0028684732 scopus 로고
    • Senescence in a population of small mammals?
    • MILLAR, J. S. 1994. Senescence in a population of small mammals? Écoscience 1:317-321.
    • (1994) Écoscience , vol.1 , pp. 317-321
    • Millar, J.S.1
  • 49
    • 0027039109 scopus 로고
    • Effects of reproduction on maternal survival and subsequent reproduction in northern Peromyscus maniculatus
    • MILLAR, J. S., E. M. DERRICKSON, AND S. T. P. SHARPE. 1992. Effects of reproduction on maternal survival and subsequent reproduction in northern Peromyscus maniculatus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 70:1129-1134.
    • (1992) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.70 , pp. 1129-1134
    • Millar, J.S.1    Derrickson, E.M.2    Sharpe, S.T.P.3
  • 50
    • 0022245042 scopus 로고
    • Breeding by Peromyscus maniculatus over an elevational gradient
    • MILLAR, J. S., AND D. G. L. INNES. 1985. Breeding by Peromyscus maniculatus over an elevational gradient. Canadian Journal of Zoology 63:124-129.
    • (1985) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.63 , pp. 124-129
    • Millar, J.S.1    Innes, D.G.L.2
  • 51
    • 33645263060 scopus 로고
    • An annual lipid cycle in a montane population of Peromyscus maniculatus
    • MILLAR, J. S., AND J. O. SCHIECK. 1986. An annual lipid cycle in a montane population of Peromyscus maniculatus. Journal of Mammalogy 70:208-211.
    • (1986) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.70 , pp. 208-211
    • Millar, J.S.1    Schieck, J.O.2
  • 53
    • 0022825750 scopus 로고
    • Proximate and ultimate controls on life-history variation: The evolution of litter size in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus)
    • MORRIS, D. W. 1986. Proximate and ultimate controls on life-history variation: the evolution of litter size in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). Evolution 40:169-181.
    • (1986) Evolution , vol.40 , pp. 169-181
    • Morris, D.W.1
  • 54
    • 0027043808 scopus 로고
    • Optimum brood size: Tests of alternative hypotheses
    • MORRIS, D. W. 1992a. Optimum brood size: tests of alternative hypotheses. Evolution 46:1848-1861.
    • (1992) Evolution , vol.46 , pp. 1848-1861
    • Morris, D.W.1
  • 55
    • 0026592761 scopus 로고
    • Environmental networks, compensating life histories, and habitat selection by white-footed mice
    • MORRIS, D. W. 1992b. Environmental networks, compensating life histories, and habitat selection by white-footed mice. Evolutionary Ecology 6:1-14.
    • (1992) Evolutionary Ecology , vol.6 , pp. 1-14
    • Morris, D.W.1
  • 56
    • 0029752988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State-dependent life histories, Mountford's hypothesis and the evolution of brood size
    • MORRIS, D. W. 1996a. State-dependent life histories, Mountford's hypothesis and the evolution of brood size. Journal of Animal Ecology 6:43-52.
    • (1996) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.6 , pp. 43-52
    • Morris, D.W.1
  • 57
    • 0029661537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State-dependent life history and senescence of white-footed mice
    • MORRIS, D. W. 1996b. State-dependent life history and senescence of white-footed mice. Ecoscience 3:1-6.
    • (1996) Ecoscience , vol.3 , pp. 1-6
    • Morris, D.W.1
  • 58
    • 0002293009 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction by Peromyscus maniculatus: Size and compromise
    • MYERS, P., AND L. L. MASTER. 1983. Reproduction by Peromyscus maniculatus: size and compromise. Journal of Mammalogy 64:1-18.
    • (1983) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.64 , pp. 1-18
    • Myers, P.1    Master, L.L.2
  • 59
    • 0001658895 scopus 로고
    • Ambient temperature and rainfall: An effect on sex ratio and litter size in deer mice
    • MYERS, P., L. L. MASTER, AND R. A. GARRETT. 1985. Ambient temperature and rainfall: an effect on sex ratio and litter size in deer mice. Journal of Mammalogy 66:289-298.
    • (1985) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.66 , pp. 289-298
    • Myers, P.1    Master, L.L.2    Garrett, R.A.3
  • 60
    • 0004859094 scopus 로고
    • Litter sizes of Microtus montanus in the laboratory
    • NEGUS, N. C, AND A. J. PINTER. 1965. Litter sizes of Microtus montanus in the laboratory. Journal of Mammalogy 46:434-437.
    • (1965) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.46 , pp. 434-437
    • Negus, N.C.1    Pinter, A.J.2
  • 61
    • 0001133145 scopus 로고
    • Age-specific reproductive tactics
    • PIANKA, E. R., AND W. S. PARKER. 1975. Age-specific reproductive tactics. American Naturalist 109:453-464.
    • (1975) American Naturalist , vol.109 , pp. 453-464
    • Pianka, E.R.1    Parker, W.S.2
  • 62
    • 0026274237 scopus 로고
    • Senescence in natural populations of mammals: A comparative study
    • PROMISLOW, D. E. L. 1991. Senescence in natural populations of mammals: a comparative study. Evolution 45:1869-1887.
    • (1991) Evolution , vol.45 , pp. 1869-1887
    • Promislow, D.E.L.1
  • 63
    • 0020870542 scopus 로고
    • A multivariate study of the relationship of parental age to reproductive success in California gulls
    • PUGESEK, B. H., AND K. L. DIEM. 1983. A multivariate study of the relationship of parental age to reproductive success in California gulls. Ecology 64:829-839.
    • (1983) Ecology , vol.64 , pp. 829-839
    • Pugesek, B.H.1    Diem, K.L.2
  • 64
    • 0026579981 scopus 로고
    • Inbreeding effects among inbred and outbred laboratory colonies of Peromyscus maniculatus
    • RIBBLE, D. O., AND J. S. MILLAR. 1992. Inbreeding effects among inbred and outbred laboratory colonies of Peromyscus maniculatus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 70:820-824.
    • (1992) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.70 , pp. 820-824
    • Ribble, D.O.1    Millar, J.S.2
  • 65
    • 0016989772 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction during two annual cycles in a population of Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis
    • RINTAMAA, D. L., P. A. MAZUR, AND S. H. VESSEY. 1976. Reproduction during two annual cycles in a population of Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis. Journal of Mammalogy 57:593-595.
    • (1976) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.57 , pp. 593-595
    • Rintamaa, D.L.1    Mazur, P.A.2    Vessey, S.H.3
  • 66
    • 0003799786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts
    • ROFF, D. A. 2002. Life history evolution. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
    • (2002) Life History Evolution
    • Roff, D.A.1
  • 67
    • 0028975451 scopus 로고
    • Energy export and offspring growth during lactation in cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus)
    • ROGOWITZ, G. L., AND P. A. MCCLURE. 1995. Energy export and offspring growth during lactation in cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus). Functional Ecology 9:143-150.
    • (1995) Functional Ecology , vol.9 , pp. 143-150
    • Rogowitz, G.L.1    McClure, P.A.2
  • 68
    • 0026304290 scopus 로고
    • Longevity and survival in a population of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus)
    • SCHUG, M. D., S. H. VESSEY, AND A. I. KORYTKO. 1991. Longevity and survival in a population of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). Journal of Mammalogy 72:360-366.
    • (1991) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.72 , pp. 360-366
    • Schug, M.D.1    Vessey, S.H.2    Korytko, A.I.3
  • 69
    • 0001359369 scopus 로고
    • Influence on the variation in initiation of breeding in Peromyscus maniculatus
    • SHARPE, S. T., AND J. S. MILLAR. 1991. Influence on the variation in initiation of breeding in Peromyscus maniculatus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 69:698-705.
    • (1991) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.69 , pp. 698-705
    • Sharpe, S.T.1    Millar, J.S.2
  • 70
    • 0028978536 scopus 로고
    • Cost of lactation and optimal litter size in northern grasshopper mice (Onychomys leucogaster)
    • SIKES, R. S. 1995a. Cost of lactation and optimal litter size in northern grasshopper mice (Onychomys leucogaster). Journal of Mammalogy 76:348-357.
    • (1995) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.76 , pp. 348-357
    • Sikes, R.S.1
  • 71
    • 0028895341 scopus 로고
    • Maternal response to resource limitations in eastern woodrats
    • SIKES, R. S. 1995b. Maternal response to resource limitations in eastern woodrats. Animal Behaviour 49:1551-1558.
    • (1995) Animal Behaviour , vol.49 , pp. 1551-1558
    • Sikes, R.S.1
  • 72
    • 0001157847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tradeoffs between quality of offspring and litter size: Differences do not persist into adulthood
    • SIKES, R. S. 1998. Tradeoffs between quality of offspring and litter size: differences do not persist into adulthood. Journal of Mammalogy 79:1143-1151.
    • (1998) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.79 , pp. 1143-1151
    • Sikes, R.S.1
  • 73
    • 0028974718 scopus 로고
    • Failure to detect senescence in persistence of some grassland rodents
    • SLADE, N. A. 1995. Failure to detect senescence in persistence of some grassland rodents. Ecology 76:863-870.
    • (1995) Ecology , vol.76 , pp. 863-870
    • Slade, N.A.1
  • 74
    • 0030443285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limits to sustained metabolic rate: The link between food intake, BMR, and morphology in reproducing mice (Mus musculus)
    • SPEAKMAN, J. R., AND J. MCQUEENIE. 1996. Limits to sustained metabolic rate: the link between food intake, BMR, and morphology in reproducing mice (Mus musculus). Physiological Zoology 69:746-769.
    • (1996) Physiological Zoology , vol.69 , pp. 746-769
    • Speakman, J.R.1    McQueenie, J.2
  • 76
    • 0037843757 scopus 로고
    • A comparative life history study of mice of the genus Peromyscus
    • University of Michigan
    • SVIHLA, A. 1932. A comparative life history study of mice of the genus Peromyscus. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 24:1-39.
    • (1932) Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology , vol.24 , pp. 1-39
    • Svihla, A.1
  • 77
    • 0027800526 scopus 로고
    • Early maturation by northern Peromyscus maniculatus
    • TEFERI, T., AND J. S. MILLAR. 1993. Early maturation by northern Peromyscus maniculatus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 71:1743-1747.
    • (1993) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.71 , pp. 1743-1747
    • Teferi, T.1    Millar, J.S.2
  • 78
    • 0027705409 scopus 로고
    • Studies of natural populations of white-footed mice: Reduction of reproduction at varying densities
    • TERMAN, C. R. 1993. Studies of natural populations of white-footed mice: reduction of reproduction at varying densities. Journal of Mammalogy 74:678-687.
    • (1993) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.74 , pp. 678-687
    • Terman, C.R.1
  • 79
    • 0034991228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-specific effect of parity on litter size in the common vole (Microtus arvalis)
    • TKLADEC, E., AND P. KREJČOVÁ. 2001. Age-specific effect of parity on litter size in the common vole (Microtus arvalis). Journal of Mammalogy 82:545-550.
    • (2001) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.82 , pp. 545-550
    • Tkladec, E.1    Krejčová, P.2
  • 80
    • 0020863936 scopus 로고
    • Alternative concepts of reproductive effort, costs of reproduction, and selection in life-history evolution
    • TUOMI, J., T. HAKALA, AND E. HAUKIOJA. 1983. Alternative concepts of reproductive effort, costs of reproduction, and selection in life-history evolution. American Zoologist 23:25-34.
    • (1983) American Zoologist , vol.23 , pp. 25-34
    • Tuomi, J.1    Hakala, T.2    Haukioja, E.3
  • 81
    • 0028563457 scopus 로고
    • Parental care and litter development in primiparous and multiparous prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)
    • WANG, Z., AND M. A. NOVAK. 1994. Parental care and litter development in primiparous and multiparous prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). Journal of Mammalogy 75:18-23.
    • (1994) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.75 , pp. 18-23
    • Wang, Z.1    Novak, M.A.2
  • 82
    • 0023467678 scopus 로고
    • Maximum energy assimilation rates in the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus)
    • WEINER, J. 1987. Maximum energy assimilation rates in the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus). Oecologia 72:297-302.
    • (1987) Oecologia , vol.72 , pp. 297-302
    • Weiner, J.1
  • 83
    • 0027068330 scopus 로고
    • Physiological limits to sustainable energy budgets in birds and mammals: Ecological implications
    • WEINER, J. 1992. Physiological limits to sustainable energy budgets in birds and mammals: ecological implications. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 7:384-388.
    • (1992) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.7 , pp. 384-388
    • Weiner, J.1
  • 84
    • 0000055057 scopus 로고
    • Pleiotropy, natural selection and the evolution of senescence
    • WILLIAMS, G. C. 1957. Pleiotropy, natural selection and the evolution of senescence. Evolution 11:398-411.
    • (1957) Evolution , vol.11 , pp. 398-411
    • Williams, G.C.1
  • 85
    • 0001026007 scopus 로고
    • Natural selection, the cost of reproduction, and a refinement of Lack's principle
    • WILLIAMS, G. C. 1966. Natural selection, the cost of reproduction, and a refinement of Lack's principle. American Naturalist 100:687-690.
    • (1966) American Naturalist , vol.100 , pp. 687-690
    • Williams, G.C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.