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Volumn 15, Issue 30, 2005, Pages 3069-3083

Microscopic vs. macroscopic structural evolution of SiO2 sols and gels employing a tailor-made fluorescent reporter dye

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DYES; FLUORESCENCE; GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS; LIGHT SCATTERING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL); TOPOLOGY;

EID: 23844462617     PISSN: 09599428     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1039/b501622c     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (15)

References (106)
  • 62
  • 64
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    • note
    • Whereas t is the time between synthesis and measurement for liquid samples and wet gels, it is the time between synthesis and the start of the drying procedure in the case of solid dried samples.
  • 68
    • 33645370140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • r ≤ 0.01. Since at that stage, the absorption and fluorescence excitation spectra were identical, we relied on the latter type of spectra throughout the monitoring of the sol-gel process.
  • 71
    • 33645352158 scopus 로고
    • PhD Dissertation, University of Rostock, Rostock
    • This is supported by small angle X-ray scattering studies of similar acid-catalyzed TEOS-derived sols which, in contrast to the strong increase in 〈s1〉 shown by DLS, found almost constant primary particle sizes of 1-2 nm during later aging stages: T. Gerber and B. Himmel, PhD Dissertation, University of Rostock, Rostock, 1987;
    • (1987)
    • Gerber, T.1    Himmel, B.2
  • 72
    • 33645339990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. Gerber, B. Himmel and B. Unger, unpublished results
    • T. Gerber, B. Himmel and B. Unger, unpublished results.
  • 80
    • 33645362685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Apparently, in the case of 1 with two potential protonation sites, doubly protonated species can also be present. With respect to the pH during sol synthesis and sol aging, and due to the fact that pH changes are still less pronounced after gel formation, ref. 11, no attempts were made to distinguish between mono- and doubly protonated molecules or to probe the behaviour of the dyes at lower pH.
  • 81
    • 33645360483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In fact, self-aggregation was also not observed for 2 and 3 in saturated ethanol solution or ethanol/water mixtures.
  • 82
    • 33645360831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 293, the only synthesis where a considerable amount of species II was found for the weakly doped samples.
  • 83
    • 33645340540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Due to this fact, we refrained from intensive studies of 2-doped gels.
  • 84
    • 33645366669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • r ∼ 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75.
  • 85
    • 33645369100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Note that the red-shifted excitation bands at 500 nm, corresponding to a 580 nm-centred emission, found by us in a previous study for long-term dried and aged coumarin 307-doped sol-gel monoliths, ref. 39, could not be observed during our recent studies.
  • 88
    • 33645357740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Although the absolute fluorescence intensities of the gels and the dried monoliths are not comparable due to different measurement geometries, decomposition is also expected to occur for the concentrated samples, but does not lead to an almost complete loss of fluorescence.
  • 89
    • 33645379278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • r, ∼ 1), and probably in accordance with an apparent increase in viscosity upon formation of the three dimensional network, all the samples show a somewhat enhanced (<5%) type I fluorescence.
  • 90
    • 33645332823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The constant decrease in the relative intensity of this species throughout the gelation and other wet-aging processes also does not favour such an assignment: whenever the sol-gel structure evolution is probed with potentially excimer-forming dyes such as pyrene derivatives, the narrowing of the pores during gelation has a dramatic influence and commonly enhances the excimer yield drastically, refs. 11,24.
  • 93
    • 33645371951 scopus 로고
    • PhD Dissertation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
    • G. Orcel, PhD Dissertation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 1987.
    • (1987)
    • Orcel, G.1
  • 101
    • 33645356385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 29Si NMR experiments carried out by us for TEOS-derived samples with an extremely under-stoichiometric water content support these findings; H. Jancke and B. Unger, unpublished results.
    • 29Si NMR experiments carried out by us for TEOS-derived samples with an extremely under-stoichiometric water content support these findings; H. Jancke and B. Unger, unpublished results.
  • 103
    • 33645369099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • r ∼ 1.
  • 106
    • 33645346693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 293 even to 100-70 nm) and 〈s1〉 from ∼ 70 to ∼ 20 nm. Only 2 h after sol dilution, the measured particle sizes remained virtually constant and these data are included here.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.