Thyroid disease and increased cardiovascular risk

Thyroid

Volumn 15, Issue 7, 2005, Pages 718-724

  Nyirenda, Moffat J ^a   Clark, David N ^b   Finlayson, Alan R ^b   Read, Janey ^b   Elders, Andrew ^b   Bain, Marion ^c   Fox, Keith A A ^c   Toft, Anthony D ^a  

^a ROYAL INFIRMARY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^b INFORMATION SERVICES DIVISION   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

THYROID HORMONE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CONTROLLED STUDY; EUTHYROIDISM; FEMALE; GRAVES DISEASE; HASHIMOTO DISEASE; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THYROID DISEASE; TOXIC GOITER;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; FEMALE; GOITER, NODULAR; GRAVES DISEASE; HUMANS; MALE; MEDICAL RECORDS; MIDDLE AGED; MORBIDITY; RISK FACTORS; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; THYROID DISEASES; THYROIDITIS, AUTOIMMUNE;

EID: 23644449406     PISSN: 10507256     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/thy.2005.15.718     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Klein I, Ojamaa K 2001 Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system. N Engl J Med 344:501-509.
2. Forfar JC, Muir AL, Sawers SA 1982 Abnormal left ventricular function in hyperthyroidism: evidence for a possible reversible cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 307:1165-1170.
3. Mintz G, Pizzarello R, Klein I 1991 Enhanced left ventricular function in hyperthyroidism: Noninvasive assessment and response to treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 73:146-150.
4. Bastenie PA, Vanhaelst L, Neve P 1967 Coronary artery disease in hypothyroidism. Lancet ii:1221-1222.
5. Hak AE, Pols HA, Visser TJ, Drexhage HA, Hofman A, Wittenman JC 2000 Subclinical hypothyroidism is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in elderly women: The Rotterdam study. Ann Intern Med 132:270-278.
6. Hueston WJ, Pearson WS 2004 Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of hypercholesterolemia. Ann Fam Med 2:351-355.
7. Luboshitzky R, Aviv A, Herer P, Lavie L 2002 Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in women with Subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid 12:421-425.
8. Duntas LH 2002 Thyroid disease and lipids. Thyroid 12:287-293.
9. Surks MI, Ortiz E, Daniels GH, Sawin CT, Col NF, Cobin RH, Franklyn JA, Hershman JM, Burman KD, Denke MA, Gorman C, Cooper RS, Weissman NJ 2004 Subclinical thyroid disease: Scientific review and guidelines for diagnosis and management. JAMA 291:228-238.
10. Hall P, Lundell G, Holm L-E 1993 Mortality in patients treated for hyperthyroidism with iodine-131. Acta Endocrinol 128:230-234.
11. Franklyn JA, Maisonneuve P, Sheppard MC, Betteridge J, Boyle P 1998 Mortality after the treatment of hyperthyroidism with radioactive iodine. N Engl J Med 338:712-718.
12. Libby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A 2002 Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation 105:1135-1143.
13. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, During JE, Rifai N 2000 C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N Engl J Med 342:836-843.
14. Lindahl B, Toss H, Siegbahn A, Venge P, Wallentin L, for The FRISC Study Group 2000 Markers of myocardial damage and inflammation in relation to long-term mortality in unstable coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 343:1139-1147.
15. Ridker PM, Rifai N, Rose L, During JE, Cook NR 2002 Comparison of C-reactive protein and LDL cholesterol levels in the prediction of first cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med 347:1557-1565.
16. Danesh J, Wheeler JG, Hirschfield GM, Eda S, Eiriksdottir G, Rumley A, Lowe GD, Pepys MB, Gudnason V 2004 C-reactive protein and other circulating markers of inflammation in the prediction of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 350:1387-1397.
17. Information and Statistics Division, NHS Scotland 2004 Data Quality Assurance Report on Acute Inpatient/Day Case Data, 2000-2002. Edinburgh, Scotland.
18. Kendrick S, Clarke J 1993 The Scottish Record Linkage System. Health Bull 51:72-79
19. Clayton D, Hills M 1993 Statistical Models in Epidemiology. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England.
20. Kaplan EL, Meier P 1958 Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc 53:457-481.
21. DeStefano F, Anda RF, Kahn HS, Williamson DF, Russell CM 1993 Dental disease and risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. Br Med J 306:688-691.
22. Buhlin K, Gustafsson A, Pockley AG, Frostegard J, Klinge B 2003 Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with periodontitis. Eur Heart J 24:2099-2107.
23. Kvetny J, Heldgaard PE, Bladbjerg EM, Gram J 2004 Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with a low-grade inflammation, increased triglyceride levels and predicts cardiovascular disease in males below 50 years. Clin Endocrinol 61:232-238.
24. Imaizumi M, Akahoshi M, Ichimaru S, Nakashima E, Hida A, Soda M, Usa T, Ashizawa K, Yokoyama N, Maeda R, Nagataki S, Eguchi K 2004 Risk for ischemic heart disease and all-cause mortality in subclinical hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:3365-3370.
25. Wilson R, Chopra M, Bradley H, McKillop JH, Smith WE, Thomson JA 1989 Free radicals and Graves' disease: The effect of therapy. Clin Endocrinol 30:429-433.
26. Komosisnka-Vassev K, Olczyk K, Kucharz EJ, Marcisz C, Winsz-Szczotka K, Korulska A 2000 Free radical activity and antioxidant defence mechanisms in patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease during therapy. Clin Chim Acta 300:107-117.
27. Abalovich A, Llesuy S, Gutierrez S, Repetto M 2003 Peripheral parameters of oxidative stress in Graves' disease: The effects of methimazole and 131 iodine treatments. Clin Endocrinol 59:321-327.
28. Pearce EN, Bogazzi F, Martino E, Brogioni S, Pardini E, Pellegrini G, Parkes AB, Lazarus JH, Pinchera A, Braverman LE 2003 The prevalence of elevated serum C-reactive protein levels in inflammatory and noninflammatory thyroid disease. Thyroid 13:643-648.
29. Jones BM, Kwok CC, Kung AW 1999 Effect of radioactive iodine therapy on cytokine production in Graves' disease: Transient increases in interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, with longer term increases in interferon-gamma production. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84:4106-4110.
30. Parker JL, Lawson DH 1973 Death from thyrotoxicosis. Lancet ii:894-895.
31. Prummel MF, Wiersinga WM 1993 Smoking and risk of Graves' disease. JAMA 269:479-482.
32. Vestergaard P, Rejnmark L, Weeke J, Hoeck HC, Nielsen HK, Rungby J, Laurberg P, Mosekilde L 2002 Smoking as a risk factor for Graves' disease, toxic nodular goiter, and autoimmune hypothyroidism. Thyroid 12:69-75.
33. Imaizumi M, Akahoshi M, Ichimaru S, Nakashima E, Hida A, Soda M, Usa T, Ashizawa K, Yokoyama N, Maeda R, Nagataki S, Eguchi K 2004 Risk for ischemic heart disease and all-cause mortality in subclinical hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:3365-3370.
34. Biondi B, Palmieri EA, Lombardi G, Fazio S 2002 Effects of subclinical thyroid dysfunction on the heart. Ann Intern Med 137:904-914.
35. Hoogendoorm EH, den Heijer M, van Dijk AP, Hermus AR 2004 Subclinical hyperthyroidism: To treat or not to treat? Postgrad Med J 80:394-398