Anal dysplasia: Controversies in management

Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery

Volumn 15, Issue 4 SPEC. ISS., 2004, Pages 233-238

  Chang, L K ^b   Gottesman, L ^b   Breen, E L ^b   Bleday, R ^a  

^a BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Abdominoperianal resection; Anal dysplasia; Squamous cell carcinoma

Indexed keywords

FLUOROURACIL; IMIQUIMOD;

ANAL DYSPLASIA; ANUS CANCER; ANUS DISEASE; CANCER RISK; CANCER SCREENING; CONDYLOMA; DYSPLASIA; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; PAPANICOLAOU TEST; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SAFETY; UTERINE CERVIX CARCINOMA IN SITU; UTERINE CERVIX DYSPLASIA;

EID: 23644433328     PISSN: 10431489     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.scrs.2005.03.005     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. O. Beahrs Janeway LectureManagement of cancer of the anus AJR Am J Roentgenol 133 5 1979 790 795
2. B.M. Boman, C.G. Moertel, M.J. O'Connell Carcinoma of the anal canal. A clinical and pathologic study of 188 cases Cancer 54 1 1984 114 125
3. M.J. Greenall, S.H. Quan, C. Urmacher Treatment of epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal Surg Gynecol Obstet 161 6 1985 509 517
4. M.P. Pintor, J.M. Northover, R.J. Nicholls Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus at one hospital from 1948 to 1984 Br J Surg 76 8 1989 806 810
5. M.J. John, M. Flam, L. Lovalvo Feasibility of non-surgical definitive management of anal canal carcinoma Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 13 3 1987 299 303
6. K.M. Tveit, K.O. Karlsen, S.D. Fossa Primary treatment of carcinoma of the anus by combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy Scand J Gastroenterol 24 10 1989 1243 1247
7. R. Doci, R. Zucali, L. Bombelli Combined chemoradiation therapy for anal cancer. A report of 56 cases Ann Surg 215 2 1992 150 156
8. M.S. Flam, M.J. John, P.A. Mowry Definitive combined modality therapy of carcinoma of the anus. A report of 30 cases including results of salvage therapy in patients with residual disease Dis Colon Rectum 30 7 1987 495 502
9. L. Leichman, N. Nigro, V.K. Vaitkevicius Cancer of the anal canal. Model for preoperative adjuvant combined modality therapy Am J Med 78 2 1985 211 215
10. J.A. Martenson, S.R. Lipsitz, M. Lefkopoulou Results of combined modality therapy for patients with anal cancer (E7283). An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study Cancer 78 10 1995 1731 1736
11. B. Sischy, R.L. Doggett, J.M. Krall Definitive irradiation and chemotherapy for radiosensitization in management of anal carcinoma interim report on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group study no. 8314 J Natl Cancer Inst 81 11 1989 850 856
12. B.J. Cummings, T.J. Keane, B. O'Sullivan Epidermoid anal cancer treatment by radiation alone or by radiation and 5-fluorouracil with and without mitomycin C Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 21 5 1991 1115 1125
13. W.E. Longo, A.M. Vernava III, T.P. Wade Rare anal canal cancers in the U.S. veteran: patterns of disease and results of treatment Am Surg 61 6 1995 495 500
14. R.K. Peters, T.M. Mack, L. Bernstein Parallels in the epidemiology of selected anogenital carcinomas J Natl Cancer Inst 72 3 1984 609 615
15. G. Mathe [Prevention of genito-anal and bucco-laryngo-esophageal cancers caused by sexually transmitted viruses] Biomed Pharmacother 39 6 1985 253 262
16. A. Jemal, R.C. Tiwari, T. Murray Cancer statistics, 2004 CA Cancer J Clin 54 1 2004 8 29
17. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov ) SEER* Stat Database. Incidence-SEER 9 Regs, Nov 2002 Sub (1973-2000), National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, Based on the November 2002 submission, released April 2003
18. J.R. Jass L.H. Sobin Histologic Typing of Intestinal Tumors World Health Organization 2nd ed. 1989 Springer-Verlag New York, NY 41 47
19. C. Fenger The anal transitional zone Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand Suppl 289 1987 1 42
20. R.J. Salmon, B. Zafrani, A. Labib Prognosis of cloacogenic and squamous cancers of the anal canal Dis Colon Rectum 29 5 1986 336 340
21. P.K. Cullen Jr, E.E. Pontius, R.J. Sanders Cloacogenic anorectal carcinoma Dis Colon Rectum 9 1 1966 1 12
22. M. Frisch, B. Glimelius, A.J. van den Brule Sexually transmitted infection as a cause of anal cancer N Engl J Med 337 19 1997 1350 1358
23. J.M. Palefsky, E.A. Holly, J. Gonzales Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer Cancer Res 51 3 1991 1014 1049
24. K.R. Shroyer, J.G. Kim, M.M. Manos Papillomavirus found in anorectal squamous carcinoma, not in colon adenocarcinoma Arch Surg 127 6 1992 741 744
25. S.R. Zaki, R. Judd, L.M. Coffield Human papillomavirus infection and anal carcinoma. Retrospective analysis by in situ hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction Am J Pathol 140 6 1992 1345 1355
26. G.J. Chang, M.L. Welton Anal neoplasia Semin Colon Rectal Surg 14 2 2003 111 118
27. A. Vincent-Salomon, A. de la Rochefordiere, R. Salmon Frequent association of human papillomavirus 16 and 18 DNA with anal squamous cell and basaloid carcinoma Mod Pathol 9 6 1996 614 620
28. T. Eng, W.T. Butler The hidden epidemic confronting sexually transmitted diseases. Institute of Medicine (U.S.) Committee on Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1997 National Academy Press Washington, D.C 432
29. D.H. Ford Miscellaneous surgical procedures treatments for condyloma acuminatum, sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease, and fecal impaction; examinuation under anesthesia; and minor revision of intestinal stomas H.R. Bailey M.J. Snyder Ambulatory Anorectal Surgery 2000 Springer-Verlag New York, NY 143
30. A.J. Miles, C.H. Mellor, B. Gazzard Surgical management of anorectal disease in HIV-positive homosexuals Br J Surg 77 8 1990 869 871
31. E.C. Consten, F.J. Slors, H.J. Noten Anorectal surgery in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Clinical outcome in relation to immune status Dis Colon Rectum 38 11 1995 1169 1175
32. C.W. Critchlow, C.M. Surawicz, K.K. Holmes Prospective study of high grade anal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia in a cohort of homosexual men influence of HIV infection, immunosuppression and human papillomavirus infection AIDS 9 11 1995 1255 1262
33. J.R. Daling, N.S. Weiss, T.G. Hislop Sexual practices, sexually transmitted diseases, and the incidence of anal cancer N Engl J Med 317 16 1987 973 977
34. D.B. Swerdlow, E.P. Salvati Condyloma acuminatum Dis Colon Rectum 14 3 1971 226 231
35. H. Abcarian, N. Sharon Long-term effectiveness of the immunotherapy of anal condyloma acuminatum Dis Colon Rectum 25 7 1982 648 651
36. H. Abcarian, N. Sharon The effectiveness of immunotherapy in the treatment of anal condyloma acuminatum J Surg Res 22 3 1977 231 236
37. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov ) SEER* Stat Database. Incidence-SEER 9 Regs (subtype. San Francisco County, male, married), Nov 2002 Sub (1973-2000), National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, Based on the November 2002 submission, released April 2003
38. J.M. Palefsky, E.A. Holly, M.L. Ralston Anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in HIV-positive and HIV-negative homosexual and bisexual men prevalence and risk factors J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 17 4 1998 320 326
39. S. de Sanjose, J. Palefsky Cervical and anal HPV infections in HIV positive women and men Virus Res 89 2 2002 201 211
40. J.M. Palefsky, E.A. Holly, C.J. Hogeboom Virologic, immunologic, and clinical parameters in the incidence and progression of anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in HIV-positive and HIV-negative homosexual men J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 17 4 1998 314 319
41. S.D. Vernon, C.E. Hart, W.C. Reeves The HIV-1 tat protein enhances E2-dependent human papillomavirus 16 transcription Virus Res 27 2 1993 133 145
42. I. Sobhani, F. Walker, T. Aparicio Effect of anal epidermoid cancer-related viruses on the dendritic (Langerhans') cells of the human anal mucosa Clin Cancer Res 8 9 2002 2862 2869
43. I. Penn Cancers of the anogenital region in renal transplant recipients. Analysis of 65 cases Cancer 58 3 1986 611 616
44. M.J. Arends, E.C. Benton, K.M. McLaren Renal allograft recipients with high susceptibility to cutaneous malignancy have an increased prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA in skin tumours and a greater risk of anogenital malignancy Br J Cancer 75 5 1997 722 728
45. M. Melbye, J. Palefsky, J. Gonzales Immune status as a determinant of human papillomavirus detection and its association with anal epithelial abnormalities Int J Cancer 46 2 1990 203 206
46. M. Melbye, P. Sprogel Aetiological parallel between anal cancer and cervical cancer Lancet 338 8768 1991 657 659
47. R.M. Richart Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Pathol Annu 8 1973 301 328
48. C. Fenger, V.T. Nielsen Intraepithelial neoplasia in the anal canalThe appearance and relation to genital neoplasia Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand Sect A Pathol 94 5 1986 343 349
49. National Cancer Institute Workshop The 1988 Bethesda System for reporting cervical/vaginal cytological diagnoses JAMA 262 7 1989 931 934
50. D. Solomon, D. Davey, R. Kurman The 2001 Bethesda System terminology for reporting results of cervical cytology JAMA 287 16 2002 2114 2119
51. S.A. Cannistra, J.M. Niloff Cancer of the uterine cervix N Engl J Med 334 16 1996 1030 1038
52. C. Mathews, M. Mar-Tang, D. Smith Reproducibility and outcomes of anal dysplasia screening in an HIV primary care clinic 2002 [Abstract 605-W.]. in 9th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Seattle, WA
53. W.C. Mathews Screening for anal dysplasia associated with human papillomavirus Top HIV Med 11 2 2003 45 49
54. P.V. Chin-Hong, J.M. Palefsky Natural history and clinical management of anal human papillomavirus disease in men and women infected with human immunodeficiency virus Clin Infect Dis 35 9 2002 1127 1134
55. S.R. Brown, P. Skinner, J. Tidy Outcome after surgical resection for high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (Bowen's disease) Br J Surg 86 8 1999 1063 1066
56. A.G. Ostor Natural history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia a critical review Int J Gynecol Pathol 12 2 1993 186 192
57. O. Petersen Precancerous changes of the cervical epithelium in relation to manifest cervical carcinoma; clinical and histological aspects Acta Radiol suppl 127 1955 1 181
58. W.A. McIndoe, M.R. McLean, R.W. Jones The invasive potential of carcinoma in situ of the cervix Obstet Gynecol 64 4 1984 451 458
59. T.E. Marfing, M.E. Abel, D.M. Gallagher Perianal Bowen's disease and associated malignanciesResults of a survey Dis Colon Rectum 30 10 1987 782 785
60. P. Marchesa, V.W. Fazio, S. Oliart Perianal Bowen's disease a clinicopathologic study of 47 patients Dis Colon Rectum 40 11 1977 1286 1293
61. G.N. Papanicolaou The cancer-diagnostic potential of uterine exfoliative cytology CA Cancer J Clin 7 4 1957 124 135
62. V. Allahverdian, J. Valaitis, O. Kalis Cytology and colposcopy in the diagnosis and management of outpatients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia J Reprod Med 24 1 1980 1 4
63. D.P. Cruikshank, D.B. Kaminsky, L.E. Ekbladh Colposcopic evaluation of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia J Reprod Med 17 6 1976 327 330
64. M.L. McCord, T.G. Stovall, R.L. Summitt Jr Discrepancy of cervical cytology and colposcopic biopsy is cervical conization necessary? Obstet Gynecol 77 5 1991 715 719
65. D.W. Wetrich An analysis of the factors involved in the colposcopic evaluation of 2194 patients with abnormal Papanicolaou smears Am J Obstet Gynecol 154 6 1986 1339 1349
66. J.M. Palefsky, E.A. Holly, C.J. Hogeboom Anal cytology as a screening tool for anal squamous intraepithelial lesions J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 14 5 1997 415 422
67. C.M. Surawicz, P. Kirby, C. Critchlow Anal dysplasia in homosexual men role of anoscopy and biopsy Gastroenterology 105 3 1993 658 666
68. N.B. Kiviat, C.W. Critchlow, K.K. Holmes Association of anal dysplasia and human papillomavirus with immunosuppression and HIV infection among homosexual men AIDS 7 1 1993 43 49
69. R. Sankaranarayanan, R. Wesley, T. Somanathan Visual inspection of the uterine cervix after the application of acetic acid in the detection of cervical carcinoma and its precursors Cancer 83 10 1998 2150 21156
70. R. Sankaranarayanan, R. Wesley, S. Thara Test characteristics of visual inspection with 4% acetic acid (VIA) and Lugol's iodine (VILI) in cervical cancer screening in Kerala, India Int J Cancer 106 3 2003 404 408
71. P.S. Carter, J.P. Sheffield, N. Shepherd Interobserver variation in the reporting of the histopathological grading of anal intraepithelial neoplasia J Clin Pathol 47 11 1994 1032 1034
72. P. Colquhoun, J.J. Nogueras, B. Dipasquale Interobserver and intraobserver bias exists in the interpretation of anal dysplasia Dis Colon Rectum 46 10 2003 1332 1336 discussion 1336-1338
73. Imiquimod for genital warts Med Lett Drugs Ther 39 1016 1997 118 119
74. K. Nouri, C. O'Connell, M.P. Rivas Imiquimod for the treatment of Bowen's disease and invasive squamous cell carcinoma J Drugs Dermatol 2 6 2003 669 673
75. M. Hursthouse Treatment of warts with 5-fluorouracil Br J Dermatol 83 1 1970 218
76. S.C. Ballon, J.A. Roberts, L.D. Lagasse Topical 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of intraepithelial neoplasia of the vagina Obstet Gynecol 54 2 1979 163 166
77. J.W. Daly, G.F. Ellis Treatment of vaginal dysplasia and carcinoma in situ with topical 5-fluorouracil Obstet Gynecol 55 3 1980 350 352
78. M. Maiman, D.H. Watts, J. Andersen Vaginal 5-fluorouracil for high-grade cervical dysplasia in human immunodeficiency virus infection a randomized trial Obstet Gynecol 94 6 1999 954 961
79. R.F. Ryan, E.T. Krementz, M.S. Litwin A role for topical 5-fluorouracil therapy in melanoma J Surg Oncol 38 4 1988 250 256
80. A.M. Claessen, H. Valster, H. Bril Cell-mediated immunity is enhanced by cytostatic drugs continuously released at the site of antigenic stimulation Cancer Immunol Immunother 28 2 1989 131 135
81. K.J. Smith, M. Germain, H. Skelton Squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen's disease) in renal transplant patients treated with 5% imiquimod and 5% 5-fluorouracil therapy Dermatol Surg 27 6 2001 561 564
82. L.A. Drake, R.I. Ceilley, R.L. Cornelison Guidelines of care for warts: human papillomavirus. Committee on Guidelines of Care J Am Acad Dermatol 32 1 1995 98 103
83. C.R. Manzione, S.R. Nadal, E.E. Calore Postoperative follow-up of anal condylomata acuminata in HIV-positive patients Dis Colon Rectum 46 10 2003 1358 1365
84. A.R. Morgan, A.J. Miles, C. Wastell Anal warts and squamous carcinoma-in-situ of the anal canal J R Soc Med 87 1 1994 15
85. P.S. Carter, A. de Ruiter, C. Whatrup Human immunodeficiency virus infection and genital warts as risk factors for anal intraepithelial neoplasia in homosexual men Br J Surg 82 4 1995 473 474
86. C.M. Surawicz, C. Critchlow, J. Sayer High grade anal dysplasia in visually normal mucosa in homosexual men seven cases Am J Gastroenterol 90 10 1995 1776 1778