Continuous electroencephalogram monitoring in the critically III

Neurocritical Care

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 330-341

  Wittman Jr , John J ^a   Hirsch, Lawrence J ^a,b  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^b NEUROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Coma; Continuous EEG monitoring; Critical illness; Ischemia detection; Nonconvulsive seizures; Nonconvulsive status epilepticus; Periodic discharges; Prognosis; Quantitative EEG; SIRPIDs

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; BARBITURIC ACID DERIVATIVE; BENZODIAZEPINE; MIDAZOLAM; PENTOBARBITAL; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

ALPHA RHYTHM; BISPECTRAL INDEX; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN INJURY; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; COMA; CORTICAL SYNCHRONIZATION; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COST OF ILLNESS; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DATA ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DOSE CALCULATION; DRUG OVERDOSE; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; EPILEPSY; EPILEPTIC DISCHARGE; EPILEPTIC STATE; FOURIER TRANSFORMATION; GLASGOW COMA SCALE; GLASGOW OUTCOME SCALE; HUMAN; METABOLIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; PATIENT MONITORING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; SEIZURE; STROKE; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE;

BRAIN DISEASES; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; CRITICAL ILLNESS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; HUMANS; MONITORING, PHYSIOLOGIC; PROGNOSIS;

EID: 23444446327     PISSN: 15416933     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1385/NCC:2:3:330     Document Type: Review

References (49)

1. rd ed., Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003, pp. 761-802.
2. Jordan KG. Continuous EEG and evoked potential monitoring in the neuroscience intensive care unit. J Clin Neurophysiol 1993;10(4):445-475.
3. Leira EC, Bertrand ME, Hogan RE, et al. Continuous or emergent EEG: can bedside caregivers recognize epileptiform discharges? Intensive Care Med 2004;30(2):207-212.
4. Vespa PM, Nenov V, Nuwer MR. Continuous EEG monitoring in the intensive care unit: early findings and clinical efficacy. J Clin Neurophysiol 1999;16(1):1-13.
5. Nuwer MR, Comi G, Emerson R, et al. IFCN standards for digital recording of clinical EEG. The International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1999;52(Suppl):11-14.
6. Claassen J, Mayer SA, Kowalski RG, Emerson RG, Hirsch LJ. Detection of electrographic seizures with continuous EEG monitoring in critically ill patients. Neurology, 2004;62(10):1743-1748.
7. Jordan KG. Neurophysiologic monitoring in the neuroscience intensive care unit. Neurol Clin 1995;13(3):579-626.
8. Privitera M, Hoffman M, Moore JL, Jester D. EEG detection of nontonic-clonic status epilepticus in patients with altered consciousness. Epilepsy Res 1994;18(2):155-166.
9. Towne AR, Waterhouse EJ, Boggs JG, et al. Prevalence of nonconvulsive status epilepticus in comatose patients. Neurology 2000;54(2):340-345.
10. Granner MA, Lee SI. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus: EEG analysis in a large series. Epilepsia 1994;35(1):42-47.
11. Brenner RP, Schaul N. Periodic EEG patterns: classification, clinical correlation, and pathophysiology. J Clin Neurophysiol 1990;7(2):249-267.
12. Fountain NB, Waldman WA. Effects of benzodiazepines on triphasic waves: implications for nonconvulsive status epilepticus. J Clin Neurophysiol 2001;18(4):345-352.
13. Husain AM, Mebust KA, Radtke RA. Generalized periodic epileptiform discharges: etiologies, relationship to status epilepticus, and prognosis. J Clin Neurophysiol 1999;16(1):51-58.
14. Nei M, Lee JM, Shankar VL, Sperling MR. The EEG and prognosis in status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1999;40(2):157-163.
15. Jaitly R, Sgro JA, Towne AR, Ko D, Delorenzo RJ. Prognostic value of EEG monitoring after status epilepticus: a prospective adult study. J Clin Neurophysiol 1997;14(4):326-334.
16. Drislane FW. Evidence against permanent neurologic damage from nonconvulsive status epilepticus. J Clin Neurophysiol. 1999;16(4):323-331.
17. Meldrum BS, Brierley JB. Prolonged epileptic seizures in primates. Ischemic cell change and its relation to ictal physiological events. Arch Neurol 1973;28(1):10-17.
18. Meldrum BS, Vigouroux RA, Brierley JB. Systemic factors and epileptic brain damage. Prolonged seizures in paralyzed, artificially ventilated baboons. Arch Neurol 1973;29(2):82-87.
19. DeGiorgio CM, Heck CN, Rabinowicz AL, Gott PS, Smith T, Correale J. Serum neuron-specific enolase in the major subtypes of status epilepticus. Neurology 1999;52(4):746-749.
20. Hirsch LJ, Claassen J, Mayer SA, Emerson RG. Stimulus-Induced Rhythmic, Periodic or Ictal Discharges (SIRPIDs): a common EEG phenomenon in the critically ill. Epilepsia 2004;45(2):109-123.
21. DeLorenzo RJ, Waterhouse EJ, Towne AR, et al. Persistent nonconvulsive status epilepticus after the control of convulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsia 1998;39(8):833-840.
22. Treiman DM. Clinical trials for status epilepticus. Adv Neurol 1998;76:173-178.
23. Waterhouse EJ, Sandoz G, Boggs JG, Towne AR. Mortality of status epilepticus and stroke. Epilepsia 1996;36(Suppl 4):46.
24. Young GB, Jordan KG, Doig GS. An assessment of nonconvulsive seizures in the intensive care unit using continuous EEG monitoring: an investigation of variables associated with mortality. Neurology 1996;47(1):83-89.
25. Shneker BF, Fountain NB. Assessment of acute morbidity and mortality in nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Neurology 2003;61(8):1066-1073.
26. Mazarati AM, Baldwin RA, Sankar R, Wasterlain CG. Time-dependent decrease in the effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs during the course of self-sustaining status epilepticus. Brain Res. 1998;814(1-2):179-185.
27. Lowenstein DH, Alldredge BK. Status epilepticus at an urban public hospital in the 1980s. Neurology 1993;43(3 pt 1):483-488.
28. Lowenstein DH, Alldredge BK. Status epilepticus. N Engl J Med 1998;338(14):970-976.
29. Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Emerson RG, Bates JE, Thompson TB, Mayer SA. Continuous EEG monitoring and midazolam infusion for refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Neurology 2001;57(6):1036-1042.
30. Vespa PM, O'Phelan K, Shah M, et al. Acute seizures after intracerebral hemorrhage: a factor in progressive midline shift and outcome. Neurology 2003;60(9):1441-1446.
31. Bladin CF, Alexandrov AV, Bellavance A, et al. Seizures after stroke: a prospective multicenter study. Arch Neurol. 2000;57(11):1617-1622.
32. Astrup J, Siesjo BK, Symon L. Thresholds in cerebral ischemia - the ischemic penumbra. Stroke 1981;12(6):723-725.
33. Vespa PM, Nuwer MR, Nenov V, et al. Increased incidence and impact of nonconvulsive and convulsive seizures after traumatic brain injury as detected by continuous electroencephalographic monitoring. J Neurosurg 1999;91(5):750-760.
34. Jordan KG. Continuous EEG monitoring in the neuroscience intensive care unit and emergency department. J Clin Neurophysiol 1999;16(1):14-39.
35. Jordan KG, Stringer WA. Correlative xenon enhanced CT cerebral blood flow (XeCTCBF) and EEG to functionally stratify acute cerebral infarction. Neurology 1991;41(Suppl 1):336.
36. Dennis LJ, Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Emerson RG, Connolly ES, Mayer SA. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 2002;51(5):1136-1143; discussion 44.
37. Labar DR, Fisch BJ, Pedley TA, Fink ME, Solomon RA. Quantitative EEG monitoring for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1991;78(5):325-332.
38. Vespa PM, Nuwer MR, Juhasz C, et al. Early detection of vasospasm after acute subarachnoid hemorrhage using continuous EEG ICU monitoring. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1997;103(6):607-615.
39. Claassen J, Mayer SA, Hirsch LJ. Continuous EEG monitoring in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Clin Neurophysiol 2005;22(2):92-98.
40. Lee ST, Lui TN, Wong CW, et al. Early seizures after severe closed head injury. Can J Neurol Sci 1997;24(1):40-43.
41. Lee ST, Lui TN, Wong CW, Yeh YS, Tzaan WC. Early seizures after moderate closed head injury. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1995;137(3-4):151-154.
42. Da Silva AM, Nunes B, Vaz AR, Mendonca D. Posttraumatic epilepsy in civilians: clinical and electroencephalographic studies. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 1992;55:56-63.
43. Hauser WA, Tabaddor K, Factor PR, Finer C. Seizures and head injury in an urban community. Neurology 1984; 34(6):746-751.
44. Kassel NG, Hitchar PW, Gerk MK, et al. Alterations in cerebral blood flow, oxygen metabolism, and electrical activity produced by high-dose thiopental. Neurosurgery 1980;7:598-603.
45. Schwartz ML. Tator CH, Rowed DW, et al. The University of Toronto Head Injury Treatment Study: a prospective randomized comparison of pentobarbital and mannitol. Can J Neurol Sci 1984;11:434-440.
46. Vespa PM, Boscardin WJ, Hovda DA, et al. Early and persistent impaired percent alpha variability on continuous electroencephalography monitoring as predictive of poor outcome after traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg 2002;97(1): 84-92.
47. Synek VM. Prognostically important EEG coma patterns in diffuse anoxic and traumatic encephalopathies in adults. J Clin Neurophysiol 1988;5:164-174.
48. Bricolo A, Turazzi S, Faccioli F, Odorizzi F, Sciaretta G, Erculiani P. Clinical application of compressed spectral array in long-term EEG monitoring of comatose patients. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1978;45(2):211-225.
49. Claassen J, Baeumer T, Hansen HC. [Continuous EEG for monitoring on the neurological ICU. New applications and uses for therapeutic decision making]. Nervenarzt 2000;71(10):813-821.