Water immersion wrinkling: Physiology and use as an indicator of sympathetic function

Clinical Autonomic Research

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 125-131

  Wilder Smith, Einar P V ^a  

^a NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Digit volume; Skin vasoconstriction; Small nerve fiber test; Sympathetic function; Water immersion skin wrinkling

Indexed keywords

ELECTROLYTE; WATER;

ADRENERGIC SYSTEM; BLOOD FLOW; BLOOD VOLUME; DIFFUSION; EPIDERMIS; FINGER; FOOT SOLE; FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY; HAND; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN; LIMB; MEMBRANE STABILIZATION; NERVE FIBER; NEUROPATHY; OBSERVATION; OSMOSIS; PHENOMENOLOGY; POROSITY; PRESSURE; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; REVIEW; SKINFOLD; SWEAT GLAND; SYMPATHETIC FUNCTION; SYMPATHETIC NERVE; TURGOR PRESSURE; VASOCONSTRICTION; VASOMOTOR REFLEX; WATER IMMERSION; WRINKLE;

HUMANS; IMMERSION; SKIN; SKIN PHYSIOLOGY; SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; VASOCONSTRICTION; WATER;

EID: 2342580656     PISSN: 09599851     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10286-004-0172-4     Document Type: Review

References (21)

1. Bjerring P, Andersen PH, Arendt-Nielsen L (1989) Vascular response of human skin after analgesia with EMLA cream. Br J Anaesth 63:655-660
2. Braham J, Sadeh M, Sarova-Pinhas I (1979) Skin wrinkling on immersion of hands: a test of sympathetic function. Arch Neurol 36:113-114
3. Bull C, Henry JA (1977) Finger wrinkling as a test of autonomic function. Br Med J 1:551-552
4. Cales L, Weber RA, Temple Tx (1997) Effects of water temperature on skin wrinkling. J Hand Surg 22A:747-749
5. Carder KR, Weston WL (2002) Rofecoxib-induced instant aquagenic wrinkling of the palms. Pediatr Dermatol 19:353-355
6. Clark CV, Pentland B, Ewing DJ, Clarke BF (1984) Decreased skin wrinkling in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 7: 224-227
7. Covino BG (1987) Toxicity and systemic effects of local anaesthetic agents. In: Strichartz GR (ed) Local anesthetics. Handbook of experimental pharmacology. Springer Berlin, pp 187-212
8. Dellantonio R, Paladini D, Cinti A, Fumelli P, Testa I, Angeleri F (1992) Autonomic diabetic neuropathy: skin sympathetic response and neurovegetative cardiovascular functionality tests. Funct Neurol 7:115-120
9. Djaldetti R, Melamed E, Gadoth N (2001) Abnormal skin wrinkling in the less affected side in hemiparkinsonism- a possible test for the sympathetic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 55:475-478
10. Eliot RB (1974) Skin wrinkling in cystic fibrosis. Lancet 2:108
11. Fruhstorfer H, Wagener G (1993) Effects of intradermal lignocaine and mepivacaine on human cutaneous circulation in areas with histamine induced neurogenic inflammation. Br J Anesth 70:167-172
12. Gorgas Karin BP, Tischendorf F, Curri S (1977) The fine structure of human digital arterio-venous anastomosis (Hoyer-Grosser's organs). Anat Embryol 150:269-289
13. Lewis T, Pickering GW (1936) Circulatory changes in fingers in some diseases of nervous system with special reference to digital atrophy of peripheral nerve lesions. Clin Sci 2:149-175
14. Mende B (1985) Fehlende Faltenbildung der Fingerkuppen im Warmwassertest bei lepromatoeser Nervenschaedigung. Loss of wrinkling of the finger-tips in soaking test with leprosy patients. Z Hautkr 60:1961-1964
15. Moynahan EJ (1974) Skin wrinkling in cystic fibrosis. Lancet 2:907
16. Pueschel K, Schneider A (1985) Skin wrinkling in fresh and salt water at various temperatures. Z Rechtsmed 95:1-18
17. Scheuplein RJ, Blank IH (1971) Permeability of the skin. Physiol Rev 51: 702-747
18. Sheskin J, Sabatto A, Yosipovitz Z, Ilukevich A (1983) Lack of wrinkle formation in the fingertips of patients with Hansen's disease. Hansen Int 8:54-60
19. Vasudevan TM, van Rij AM, Nukada H, Taylor PK (2000) Skin wrinkling for the assessment of sympathetic function in the limbs. Aust N Z J Surg 70: 57-59
20. Wilder-Smith E, Chow A (2003) Water-immersion wrinkling is due to vasoconstriction. Muscle Nerve 27:307-311
21. Wilder-Smith E, Chow A (2003) Water immersion and EMLA cause similar digit skin wrinkling and vasoconstriction. J Microvascular Research 66: 68-72