Effects of mowing frequency on densities of natural enemies in three Pacific Northwest pear orchards

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata

Volumn 106, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 135-145

  Horton, David R ^a   Broers, Debra A ^a   Lewis, Richard R ^a   Granatstein, David ^b   Zack, Richard S ^b   Unruh, Thomas R ^a   Moldenke, Andrew R ^c   Brown, John J ^b  

^a AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Biological control; Ground cover; Parasitoids; Pitfall samples; Predatory insects; Sweep net samples; Weeds

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL; MOWING; NATURAL ENEMY; PARASITOID; POPULATION DENSITY;

NORTH AMERICA; PACIFIC NORTHWEST;

APHIDIDAE; ARANEAE; ARCHAEORRHYNCHA; ARTHROPODA; AURICULARIA; CICADELLIDAE; COCCINELLIDAE; DERAEOCORIS; DERAEOCORIS BREVIS; DERMAPTERA; FORFICULA; FORFICULA AURICULARIA; FORFICULIDAE; HETEROPTERA; HEXAPODA; HYMENOPTERA; INSECTA; LYGUS; MIRIDAE; NEUROPTERA; POACEAE; PYRUS COMMUNIS; SYRPHIDAE;

EID: 2342571562     PISSN: 00138703     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1570-7458.2003.00018.x     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Batra SWT (1979) Insects associated with weeds in the northeastern United States. III. Chickweed, Stellaria media, and stichwort, S. graminea (Caryophyllaceae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 87: 223-235.
2. Brown MW & Lightner GW (1997) Recommendations of minimum experimental plot size and succession of aphidophaga in West Virginia, USA, apple orchards. Entomophaga 42: 257-267.
3. Bugg RL, Ellis RT & Carlson RW (1989) Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) using extrafloral nectar of faba bean (Vicia faba L., Fabaceae) in Massachusetts. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 6: 107-114.
4. Bugg RL, Phatak SC & Dutcher JD (1990) Insects associated with cool-season cover crops in southern Georgia: implications for pest control in the truck-farm and pecan agroecosystems. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 7: 17-45.
5. Bugg RL & Waddington C (1994) Using cover crops to manage arthropod pests of orchards: a review. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 50: 11-28.
6. Cohen J (1977) Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Academic Press, New York.
7. DeLong DM (1932) Some problems encountered in the estimation of insect populations by the sweeping method. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 25: 13-17.
8. Epstein DL, Zack RS, Brunner JF, Gut L & Brown JJ (2000) Effects of broad-spectrum insecticides on epigeal arthropod biodiversity in Pacific north-west apple orchards. Environmental Entomology 29: 340-348.
9. Epstein DL, Zack RS, Brunner JF, Gut L & Brown JJ (2001) Ground beetle activity in apple orchards under reduced pesticide management regimes. Biological Control 21: 97-104.
10. Foster MA & Ruesink WG (1986) Impact of common chickweed, Stellaria media, upon parasitism of Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by Meleorus rubens (Nees von Esenbeck). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 59: 343-349.
11. Fye RE (1983) Cover crop manipulation for building pear psylla (Homoptera: Psyllidae) predator populations in pear orchards. Journal of Economic Entomology 76: 306-310.
12. Glen DM & Milsom NF (1978) Survival of mature larvae of codling moth (Cydia pomonella) on apple trees and ground. Annals of Applied Biology 90: 133-146.
13. Goodall DW (1952) Some considerations in the use of point quadrats for the analysis of vegetation. Australian Journal of Science Research, Series B 5: 1-41.
14. Greenslade PJM (1964) Pitfall trapping as a method for studying populations of Carabidae (Coleoptera). Journal of Animal Ecology 33: 301-310.
15. Gut LJ & Brunner JF (1998) Pheromone-based management of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Washington apple orchards. Journal of Agricultural Entomology 15: 387-405.
16. Haley S & Hogue EJ (1990) Ground cover influence on apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer (Homoptera: Aphididae), and its predators in a young apple orchard. Crop Protection 9: 225-230.
17. Harris VE & Phillips JR (1986) The effect of mowing spring weed hosts of Heliothis spp. on predatory arthropods. Journal of Agricultural Entomology 3: 77-86.
18. Hedges LV & Olkin I (1985) Statistical Methods for Meta-Analysis. Academic Press, New York.
19. Knight AL (1994) Insect pest and natural enemy populations in paired organic and conventional apple orchards in the Yakima Valley, Washington. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 91: 27-36.
20. Leius K (1967) Influence of wild flowers on parasitism of tent caterpillar and codling moth. Canadian Entomologist 99: 444-446.
21. Luff ML (1982) Population dynamics of Carabidae. Annals of Applied Biology 101: 164-170.
22. Miliczky ER & Calkins CO (2001) Prey of the spider, Dictyna coloradensis, on apple, pear, and weeds in central Washington (Araneae: Dictynidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 77: 19-27.
23. Miliczky ER, Calkins CO & Horton DR (2000) Spider abundance and diversity in apple orchards under three insect pest management programmes in Washington State, U. S. A. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 2: 203-215.
24. Nentwig W (1988) Augmentation of beneficial arthropods by strip-management. 1. Succession of predacious arthropods and long-term change in the ratio of phytophagous and predacious arthropods in a meadow. Oecologia 76: 597-606.
25. Riddick EW & Mills NJ (1994) Potential of adult carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as predators of fifth-instar codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in apple orchards in California. Environmental Entomology 23: 1338-1345.
26. Schoenig SE, Bugg RL & Utts J (1998) The role of experimentation in development of enhancement strategies. Enhancing Biological Control: Habitat Management to Promote Natural Enemies of Agricultural Pests. (ed. by CH Pickett & RL Bugg), pp. 271-296. University of California, Berkeley.
27. Smith MW, Arnold DC, Eikenbary RD, Rice NR, Shiferaw A, Cheary BS & Carroll BL (1996) Influence of ground cover on beneficial arthropods in pecan. Biological Control 6: 164-176.
28. Stanyard MJ, Foster RE & Gibb TJ (1997) Effects of orchard ground cover and mite management options on the population dynamics of European red mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Amblyseius fallacis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in apple. Journal of Economic Entomology 90: 595-603.
29. Walker KR & Welter SC (2001) Potential for outbreaks of leafrollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in California apple orchards using mating disruption for codling moth suppression. Journal of Economic Entomology 94: 373-380.