Underwater lidar imaging scaled by 22.5 cm/ns with serial targets

Optical Engineering

Volumn 43, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 754-766

  He, Duo Min ^a   Seet, Gerald G L ^a  

^a NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Lidar imaging; Ocean optics; Range gating; Turbid water; Underwater imaging

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; OCEANOGRAPHY; OPTICS; PERFORMANCE; RADAR IMAGING; RADAR TARGET RECOGNITION; UNDERWATER IMAGING;

DEPTH OF GATING; OCEAN OPTICS; RANGE GATING; SERIAL TARGETS; TURBID WATER; UNDERWATER LIDAR IMAGING;

OPTICAL RADAR;

EID: 2342510309     PISSN: 00913286     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1117/1.1645842     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. G. D. Gilbert, "The effect of particle size on contrast improvement by polarization discrimination for underwater targets," Appl. Opt. 9, 421-428 (1970).
2. G. D. Gilbert and J. C. Pernicka, "Improvement of underwater visibility by reduction of backscatter with a circular polarization technique," in Ocean Optics I, Proc. SPIE 7, A-III-1-A-III-11 (1966).
3. B. A. Swartz, "Laser range-gated underwater imaging including polarization discrimination," Proc. SPIE 1537, 42-56 (1991).
4. L. J. Mullen, E. P. Zege, I. L. Katsev, and A. S. Prikhach, "Modulated lidar system: experiment vs. theory," Proc. SPIE 4488, 25-35 (2001).
5. L. J. Mullen, V. M. Contarino, A. Laux, B. M. Concannon, J. P. Davis, M. P. Strand, and B. W. Coles, "Modulated laser line scanner for enhanced underwater imaging," Proc. SPIE 3761, 2-9 (1999).
6. J. W. Rish, S. M. Lebien, R. O. Nellums, J. Foster, J. W. Edwards, and B. T. Blume, "Performance of a gated scannerless optical range imager against volume and bottom targets in a controlled underwater environment," Proc. SPIE 4039, 114-123 (2000).
7. T. J. Kulp, D. Garvis, R. Kennedy, T. Salmon, and K. Cooper, "Development and testing of a synchronous-scanning underwater imaging system capable of rapid two-dimensional frame imaging," Appl. Opt. 32, 3520-3530 (1993).
8. R. W. Austin, S. Q. Duntley, R. L. Ensminger, T. J. Petzoid, and R. C. Smith, "An underwater laser scanning system," Proc. SPIE 1537, 57-73 (1991).
9. F. M. Caimi and D. M. Kocak, "Real-time underwater imaging and mapping using a laser line scan technique," Proc. SPIE 3131, 241-252 (1997).
10. F. M. Caimi, "Technical challenges and recent developments in underwater imaging," Proc. SPIE 2383, 408-418 (1995).
11. M. P. Strand, "Underwater electro-optical system for mine identification," Proc. SPIE 2496, 487-497 (1995).
12. P. Hechman, Jr. and R. T. Hodgson, "Underwater optical range gating," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-3, 445-448 (1967).
13. G. R. Fournier, D. Bonnier, J. L. Forand, and P. W. Pace, "Range-gated underwater laser imaging system," Opt. Eng. 32(9), 2185-2190 (1993).
14. E. A. McLean, H. R. Burris, Jr., and M. P. Strand, "Short-pulse range-gated optical imaging in turbid water," Appl. Opt. 34, 4343-4351 (1995).
15. M. P. Strand, "Imaging model for underwater range-gated imaging systems," Proc. SPIE 1537, 151-160 (1991).
16. J. S. Jaffe, "Computer modeling and the design of optimal underwater imaging systems," IEEE J. Ocean Eng. 15, 101-111 (1990).
17. B. L. McGlaery, "A computer model for underwater camera systems," Proc. SPIE 208, 221-231 (1979).
18. Intensified CCD video camera user's manual, Model ISG-250, Xybion Electronic System Co. San Diego, CA.
19. G. C. Holst, Electro-Optical Imaging System Performance, 2nd ed., pp. 337-338, SPIE Optical Engineering Press, Bellingham, WA (2000).
20. R. W. Austin and G. Halikas, "The index of refraction of seawater," SIO Ref. 76-1, Scripps Inst. Oceanogr., San Diego, CA (1976).
21. Sears, University Physics, 10th ed., Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA (2001).