Grains in motion: A review

Sedimentary Geology

Volumn 178, Issue 3-4, 2005, Pages 285-313

  Le Roux, J P ^a  

^a DEPARTAMENTO DE FÍSICA   (Chile)

Author keywords

Bedload; Particle shape; Sediment transport; Settling velocity; Suspended load

Indexed keywords

SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SETTLING VELOCITY;

EID: 23344433806     PISSN: 00370738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.05.009     Document Type: Article

References (142)

1. J.R.L. Allen Sedimentary Structures: Their Character and Physical Basis, vol. 1 Developments in Sedimentology vol. 30 1982a Elsevier Amsterdam
2. J.R.L. Allen Simple models for the shape and symmetry of tidal sand waves: 1. Statistically-stable equilibrium forms Marine Geology 48 1982 31-49
3. B.C. Aschenbrenner A new method of expressing particle sphericity Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 26 1956 15-31
4. K. Ashida M. Michiue Studies on bed-load transport rate in open channel flows International Symposium on River Mechanics, International Association of Hydraulic Researchers, Bangkok vol. 1 1973 407-417
5. J. Baba P.D. Komar Settling velocities of irregular grains at low Reynolds numbers Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 51 1981 121-128
6. J. Baba P.D. Komar Measurements and analysis of settling velocities of natural sand grains Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 51 1981 631-640
7. R.A. Bagnold The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes 1941 Methuen and Company London 263 pp.
8. R.A. Bagnold Motion of waves in shallow water. Interaction of waves and sand bottoms Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 187 1946 1-15
9. R.A. Bagnold Mechanics of marine sedimentation In: M.N. Hill (Ed.) The Sea vol. 3 1963 Wiley New York 507-582
10. R.A. Bagnold An approach to the sediment transport problem for general physics Geological Survey Professional Paper vol. 422-I 1966 Geological Survey Washington, DC
11. J.P. Bennett Algorithm for resistance to flow and transport in sand-bed channels Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 121 1995 578-590
12. P.Y. Belly Sand movement by wind C.E.R.C. Technical Memo 1 1964 (38 pp.)
13. Berben, F.M.L., Brouwer, M.J.N., Kohsiek, L.H.M., Lemkes, J.C.A., Steyaert, F.H.I.M., 1978. Ribbelvormen, waterbeweging en hun onderlinge samenhang in een getijdengebied (Plaat van Ossenisse, Westerschelde). Geografisch Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht.
14. K.P. Black T.R. Healy Sediment transport investigations in a New Zealand tidal inlet Proc. 18th Coastal Engineering Conf., Cape Town 1982 2436-2457
15. R.K. Bórówka Present day processes and dune morphology on the Leba Barrier, Polish coast of the Baltic Geografiska Annaler 62A 1980 75-82
16. J.S. Bridge S.J. Bennett A model for the entrainment and transport of sediment grains of mixed sizes, shapes, and densities Water Resources Research 28 1992 337-363
17. E. Buckingham On physically similar systems; illustrations of the use of dimensional equations Physical Review, 2nd series 4 1914 345-376
18. E. Buckingham Notes on the methods of dimensions London Philosophical Magazine, 6th series 42 1921 696-719
19. J.M. Buffington D.R. Montgomery A systematic analysis of eight decades of incipient motion studies, with special reference to gravel-bedded rivers Water Resources Research 33 1997 1993-2029
20. H.H. Chang Fluvial Processes in River Engineering 1988 Wiley New York
21. N.S. Cheng Simplified settling velocity formula for sediment particle Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 123 1997 149-152
22. W.S. Chepil Equilibrium of soil grains at the threshold of movement by wind Proceedings of the Soil Society of America 23 1959 422-428
23. M.B. Collins J.K. Rigler The use of settling velocity in defining the initiation of motion of heavy mineral grains, under unidirectional flow Sedimentology 29 1982 419-426
24. Corey, A.T., 1949. Influence of Shape on the Fall Velocity of Sand Grains. Unpubl. M.Sc. Thesis, A and M College, Colorado, 102 pp.
25. A.G. Davies The potential flow over ripples on the seabed Journal of Marine Research 37 1979 743-759
26. A.G. Davies On the interaction between surface waves and undulations on the seabed Journal of Marine Research 40 1982 331-368
27. A.G. Davies Field observations of the threshold of sediment motion by wave action Sedimentology 32 1985 685-704
28. W.E. Dietrich Settling velocity of natural particles Water Resources Research 18 1982 1615-1626
29. J.E. Dobkins R.L. Folk Shape development on Taiti-Nui Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 40 1970 1167-1203
30. K.R Dyer The measurement of bed shear stresses and bedload transport rates In: M. Wiley (Ed.) Estuarine Processes vol. 7 1976 Academic Press New York 124-135
31. K.R. Dyer Coastal and Estuarine Sediment Dynamics 1986 Wiley Chichester 342 pp
32. Engelund, F., Fredsoe, J., 1976. Transition from dunes to plane bed in alluvial channels. Institute of Hydrodynamic and Hydraulic Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Series Paper 4
33. C.H. Everts Particle overpassing on flat granular boundaries Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineering 99 1973 425-438
34. R.I. Ferguson M. Church A simple equation for grain settling velocity Journal of Sedimentary Research 74 2004 933-937
35. R.J. Gibbs M.D. Matthews D.A. Link The relationship between sphere size and settling velocity Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 41 1971 7-18
36. G. Govers Initiation of motion in overland flow Sedimentology 34 1987 1157-1164
37. W.H. Graf Hydraulics of Sediment Transport 1971 McGraw-Hill Book Co. New York, N.Y. 513 pp.
38. H.P. Guy D.B. Simons E.V. Richardson Summary of alluvial channel data from flume experiments 1955-1961 U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 462-I 1966 (92 pp.)
39. R.J. Hallermeier Terminal settling velocity of commonly occurring sand grains Sedimentology 28 1981 859-865
40. T.M. Hammond M.B. Collins On the threshold of transport of sand-sized sediment under the combined influence of unidirectional and oscillatory flow Sedimentology 26 1979 795-812
41. J. Hardisty An assessment and calibration of formulations for Bagnold's bedload equation Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 53 1983 1007-1010
42. A.D. Heathershaw Comparison of measured and predicted transport rates in tidal currents Marine Geology 42 1981 75-104
43. A.D. Heathershaw F.D.C. Hammond Transport and deposition of non-cohesive sediments in Swansea Bay In: M.B. Collins F.T. Banner P.A. Tyler S.J. Wakefield A.E. Jones (Eds.) Industrialised Embayments and their Environmental Problems, a Case Study of Swansea Bay 1980 Pergamon Press Oxford 616 pp.
44. F. Hjulstrom Studies in the morphological activity of rivers as illustrated by the River Fyris. Geological Institute, University of Uppsala Bulletin 25 1935 221-528
45. F. Hjulstrom Transportation of detritus by moving water In: P.D. Trask (Ed.) Recent Marine Sediments, a Symposium Society of Economic Paleontologists Mineralogists, Spec. Publ. vol. 4 1939 5-31
46. H.J. Hofmann Grain-shape indices and isometric graphs Journal of Sedimentary Research A64 1994 916-920
47. A.D. Howard J.B. Morton M. Gad-El-Hak D.B. Pierce Sand transport model of barchan dune equilibrium Sedimentology 25 1978 307-338
48. D.L. Inman Sorting of sediments in the light of fluid mechanics Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 19 1949 51-70
49. W.K. Illenberger Pebble shape (and size!) Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 61 1991 756-767
50. J.D. Iversen B.R. White Saltation threshold on Earth, Mars and Venus Sedimentology 29 1982 111-119
51. N.C. Janke Empirical formula for velocities and Reynolds numbers of single settling spheres Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 35 1965 749-750
52. N.C. Janke Effect of shape upon settling velocity of regular convex geometric particles Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 36 1966 370-376
53. N.B. Kachel R.W. Sternberg Transport of bed load as ripples during an ebb current Marine Geology 10 1971 229-244
54. P.S. Kench R.F. McLean A comparison of settling and sieve techniques for the analysis of bioclastic sediments Sedimentary Geology 109 1997 111-119
55. P.D. Komar Settling velocity of circular cylinders at low Reynolds numbers Journal of Geology 88 1980 327-336
56. P.D. Komar K.E. Clemens The relationship between a grain's settling velocity and threshold of motion under unidirectional currents Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 56 1985 258-266
57. P.D. Komar B. Cui The analysis of grain-size measurements by sieving and settling-tube techniques Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 54 1984 603-614
58. P.D. Komar M.C. Miller Sediment threshold under oscillatory water waves Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 43 1973 1101-1110
59. P.D. Komar M.C. Miller On the comparison between the threshold of sediment motion under waves and unidirectional currents with a discussion on the practical evaluation of the threshold Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 45 1975a 362-367
60. P.D. Komar M.C. Miller Sediment threshold under oscillatory waves Proc. 14th Int. Conf. Coastal Engineering, 1974 1975 American Society of Civil Engineers 756-775
61. P.D. Komar C.E. Reimers Grain shape effects on settling rates Journal of Geology 86 1978 193-209
62. W.C. Krumbein Measurement and geological significance of shape and roundness of sedimentary particles Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 11 1941 64-72
63. E. Lane Design of stable channels Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers 120 1955 1260-12344
64. D.N. Langhorne An evaluation of Bagnold's dimensionless coefficient of proportionality using measurements of sandwave movement Marine Geology 43 1981 49-64
65. B.J. Lees The relationship of sediment transport rates and paths to sandbanks in a tidally dominated area off the coast of East Anglia, U.K. Sedimentology 30 1983 461-485
66. J.P. Le Roux Flume study on the concentration of ilmenite in fine-grained sand and implications concerning uranium mineralisation in the Beaufort Group South African Journal of Geology 93 1990 785-794
67. J.P. Le Roux Flume experiments on permeability and organic matter as related to the genesis of stratiform uranium deposits in the Beaufort Group South African Journal of Geology 94 1991a 212-219
68. J.P. Le Roux A rapid method to determine the critical shear stress for sphere entrainment under unidirectional fluid flow Sedimentary Geology 75 1991b 1-3
69. J.P. Le Roux Settling velocity of spheres: A new approach Sedimentary Geology 81 1992 11-16
70. J.P. Le Roux Behavior of spherical grains in fluids: A convenient spreadsheet template for engineers and sedimentologists Computers & Geosciences 18 1992 1255-1257
71. J.P. Le Roux Genesis of stratiform U-Mo deposits in the Karoo Basin of South Africa Ore Geology Reviews 7 1993 485-509
72. J.P. Le Roux Settling velocity of ellipsoidal grains as related to shape entropy Sedimentary Geology 101 1996 15-20
73. J.P. Le Roux Comparison of sphericity indices as related to the hydraulic equivalence of settling grains Journal of Sedimentary Research 67 1997a 527-530
74. J.P. Le Roux Relationship between aerodynamic entrainment threshold and hydrodynamic settling velocity of particles Sedimentary Geology 109 1997b 199-205
75. J.P. Le Roux An Excel program for computing the dynamic properties of particles in Newtonian fluids Computers & Geosciences 23 1997c 671-675
76. J.P. Le Roux Entrainment threshold of natural grains in liquids determined empirically from dimensionless settling velocities and other measures of grain-size Sedimentary Geology 119 1998 17-23
77. J.P. Le Roux Threshold of particle transport under oscillatory waves Proceedings 7th International Conference of the International Association of Mathematical Geology, Cancun (on CD) 2001a
78. J.P. Le Roux A simple method to predict the threshold of particle transport under oscillatory waves Sedimentary Geology 143 2001b 59-70
79. J.P. Le Roux Application of the Hofmann shape entropy to determine the settling velocity of irregular, semi-ellipsoidal grains Sedimentary Geology 149 2002a 237-243
80. J.P. Le Roux Shape entropy and settling velocity of natural grains Journal of Sedimentary Research 72 2002b 363-366
81. J.P. Le Roux Aerodynamic and geometric diameter of airborne particles - discussion Journal of Sedimentary Research 72 2002c 441-442
82. J.P. Le Roux Wave friction factor as related to the Shields parameter for steady currents Sedimentary Geology 155 2002d 37-43
83. J.P. Le Roux A simple method to predict the threshold of particle transport under oscillatory waves, by J.P. Le Roux, Sedimentary Geology 143 (2001), 59-70 - reply to discussion Sedimentary Geology 163 2004a 327-330
84. J.P. Le Roux A hydrodynamic classification of grain shapes Journal of Sedimentary Research 74 2004b 135-143
85. J.P. Le Roux An integrated law of the wall for hydrodynamically transitional flow over plane beds Sedimentary Geology 163 2004c 311-321
86. J.P. Le Roux Particle Size, Shape, Settling Velocity and Transport. Abstracts PASSED: International Sedimentological Workshop 2004d Hanse Institute for Advanced Studies Delmenhorst
87. Le Roux, J.P., 2004e. Erratum to "Discussion of: Le Roux, J.P. (2001). A simple method to predict the threshold of particle transport under oscillatory waves" [Sediment. Geol. 143 (2001) 59-70: Reply to discussion. Sedimentary Geology, 167, 109
88. J.P. Le Roux Determination of drag coefficients in measuring particle diameters - discussion Journal of Sedimentary Research 75 2005 520-523
89. J.P. Le Roux M. Brodalka An Excel-VBA program for the analysis of current velocity profiles Computers & Geosciences 30 2004 867-879
90. J.P. Le Roux H.J. Brynard A strategy for uranium exploration in the Permo-Triassic Beaufort Group of the main Karoo Basin, South Africa Journal of African Earth Sciences 18 1994 245-253
91. R.F. Luque R. Van Beek Erosion and transport of bed-load sediments Journal of Hydraulic Research 14 1976 127-144
92. O.S. Madsen W.D. Grant The threshold of sediment movement under oscillatory waves: A discussion Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 45 1975 360-362
93. M. Manohar Mechanics of bottom sediment movement due to wave action. Beach Erosion Board Technical Memo 75 1955
94. J.S. McNown J. Malaika Effect of particle shape on settling velocity at low Reynolds numbers American Geophysical Union Transactions 31 1950 74-82
95. E. Meyer-Peter R. Muller Formulas for Bed-Load Transport, Second Meeting 1948 International Association of Hydraulic Researchers Stockholm
96. G.V. Middleton J.B. Southard Mechanics of sediment movement 2nd ed. Lecture Notes for Short Course vol. 3 1984 Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Rhode Island 400 pp.
97. M.C. Miller P.D. Komar The development of sediment threshold curves for unusual environments (Mars) and for inadequately studied materials (foram sands) Sedimentology 24 1977 709-721
98. M.C. Miller I.N. McCave P.D. Komar Threshold of sediment motion under unidirectional currents Sedimentology 24 1977 507-527
99. S.L. Namikas Field measurement and numeric modelling of aeolian mass flux distributions on a sandy beach Sedimentology 50 2003 303-326
100. W.G. Nickling The initiation of particle movement by wind Sedimentology 35 1988 499-511
101. Y. Niño F. Lopez M. Garcia Threshold for particle entrainment into suspension Sedimentology 50 2003 247-264
102. M.P. O'Brien B.D. Rindlaub The transport of sand by wind Civil Engineering 6 1936 325-327
103. A.S. Paintal A stochastic model for bed load transport Journal of Hydraulic Research 9 1971 527-553
104. Paola, C., 1983. Flow and Skin Friction over Natural Rough Beds, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Ph.D. Thesis, 347 pp.
105. F.J. Pettijohn Sedimentary Rocks 3rd edition 1975 Harper and Row New York, N.Y. 628 pp.
106. R.A. Pickrill Sediment pathways and transport rates through a tide-dominated entrance, Rangaunu Harbor, New Zealand Sedimentology 33 1986 887-898
107. P.J. Rance N.F. Warren The threshold of movement of coarse material in oscillatory flow Proceedings of the 11th Coastal Engineering Conference 1969 ASCE New York 487-491
108. O. Reynolds An experimental investigation of the circumstances which determine whether the motion of water shall be direct or simuous, and the law of resistance in parallel channels Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 174 1883 935-982
109. J.K. Rigler M.B. Collins Initial grain motion under oscillatory flow: A comparison of some threshold criteria Geo-Marine Letters 3 1983 43-48
110. H. Rouse Nomogram for the settling velocity of spheres National Research Council Committee on Sedimentation Publication 1936 57-64
111. W. Rubey Settling velocities of gravel, sand and silt particles American Journal of Science 25 1933 325-338
112. R.D. Sarre Evaluation of aeolian sand transport equations using intertidal zone measurements, Saunton Sands, England Sedimentology 35 1988 671-679
113. A. Shields Anwendung der Ahnlichkeits Mechanik und der Turbulenzforschung auf die Geschiebe Bewegung vol. 26 1936 Mitteilungen Preuss. Versuchanstalt für Wasserbau and Schiffbau Berlin 26 pp.
114. J.F.A. Sleath Sediment transport by waves. Report CUED/A-Hydraulics/TR1 1977 Engineering Department, Cambridge University Cambridge, England
115. E.D. Sneed R.L. Folk Pebbles in the lower Colorado River, Texas - a study in particle morphogenesis Journal of Geology 66 1958 114-150
116. R.L. Soulsby R.J.S. Whitehouse Threshold of sediment motion in coastal environments Pacific Coasts and Ports '97, 13th Australasian Coastal and Engineering Conference and 6th Australasian Port and Harbour Conference, 1997, Christchurch, New Zealand 1997 HR Wallingford Oxon 149-154
117. J.B. Southard L.A. Boguchwal Bed configurations in depth-velocity size diagrams Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 41 1990 903-915
118. G.G. Stokes On the effect of the internal friction on the motion of pendulums Cambridge Philosophical Transactions 9 1851 8-106
119. G.E. Stringham D.B. Simons H.P. Guy The behavior of large particles falling in quiescent liquids Geological Survey of America Professional Paper 562-c 1969 (36 pp.)
120. A. Sundborg The River Klaälven: A study in fluvial processes Geografiska Annaler, Stockholm 38 1956 125-316
121. J.N. Svasek J.H.J. Terwindt Measurement of sand transport by wind on a natural beach Sedimentology 21 1974 311-322
122. V.A. Vanoni Measurements of Critical Shear Stress for Entraining Fine Sediments in a Boundary Layer. California Institute of Technology, W.M. Keck Laboratory of Hydraulics and Water Resources, Report KH-R-7 1964 47 pp.
123. L.C. Van Rijn Sediment transport: Part II. Suspended load transport Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 110 1984 1613-1641
124. L.C. Van Rijn Principles of Sediment Transport in Rivers, Estuaries and Coastal Seas 1993 Aqua Publications Amsterdam
125. H. Wadell Volume, shape and roundness of rock particles Journal of Geology 40 1932 443-451
126. H. Wadell Sphericity and roundness of rock particles Journal of Geology 41 1933 310-331
127. Y.P. Wang S. Gao Modification to the Hardisty equation, regarding the relationship between sediment transport rate and particle size Journal of Sedimentary Research 71 2001 118-121
128. J.B. Warg An analysis of methods for calculating constant terminal-settling velocities of spheres in liquids Mathematical Geology 5 1973 59-72
129. C.K. Wentworth The shapes of beach pebbles U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 131-C 1922 75-83
130. R.J.S. Whitehouse J. Hardisty Experimental assessment of two theories for the effect of bedslope on the threshold of bedload transport Marine Geology 79 1988 135-139
131. P.L. Wiberg J.D. Smith Calculations of the critical shear stress for motion of uniform and heterogeneous sediments Water Resources Research 23 1987 1471-1480
132. P.R. Wilcock Critical shear stress of natural sediments Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 119 1993 491-505
133. B.B. Willetts M.A. Rice S.E. Swaine Shape effects in aeolian grain transport Sedimentology 29 1982 409-417
134. G.P. Williams Particle roundness and surface texture effects on fall velocity Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 36 1966 255-259
135. J.J. Williams G.R. Butterfield D.G. Clark Aerodynamic entrainment threshold: Effects of boundary layer flow conditions Sedimentology 41 1994 309-328
136. A.M. Winkelmolen Critical remarks on grain parameters, with special emphasis on shape Sedimentology 29 1982 255-265
137. M.S. Yalin Mechanics of Sediment Transport 1977 Pergamon Press New York, N.Y. 298 pp.
138. M.S. Yalin E. Karahan Inception of sediment transport. Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineering Journal of the Hydraulics Division 105 1979 1433-1443
139. C. Yang On Bagnold's sediment transport equation in tidal marine environments and the practical definition of bedload Sedimentology 33 1986 465-486
140. Z.J. You B.S. Yin A discussion of the paper "A simple method to predict the threshold of particle transport under oscillatory waves, by J.P. Le Roux, Sedimentary Geology 143 (2001), 59-70" Sedimentary Geology 163 2004 323-325
141. L.J. Zhu N.S. Cheng Settling of sediment particles Research Report, Department of River and Harbor Engineering 1993 Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing (in Chinese)
142. A.W. Zingg Some characteristics of aeolian sand movement by saltation process Editions Centre National Recherche Scientifique 13 1953 197-203