메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 40, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 461-477

The integumentary morphology of modern birds-an overview

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 23044521836     PISSN: 00031569     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/icb/40.4.461     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (235)

References (93)
  • 1
    • 0001049613 scopus 로고
    • The water economy of seed-eating birds that survive without drinking
    • Bartholomew, G. A. 1972. The water economy of seed-eating birds that survive without drinking. Proc. 15th Int. Ornithol. Congr. 237-254.
    • (1972) Proc. , vol.15 , pp. 237-254
    • Bartholomew, G.A.1
  • 2
    • 0010435598 scopus 로고
    • Die Strukturanalyse der Gefiederfolgen von filegapodius freyc [inet], reinw. und ihre Beziehung zu der Nestlingsdune der Hühnervögel. '.- Rev
    • Becker, R. 1959. Die Strukturanalyse der Gefiederfolgen von filegapodius freyc [inet], reinw. und ihre Beziehung zu der Nestlingsdune der Hühnervögel. '.- Rev. Suisse Zool. 66:411-527.
    • (1959) Suisse Zool. , vol.66 , pp. 411-527
    • Becker, R.1
  • 3
    • 33745993440 scopus 로고
    • The morphology and distribution of cutaneous mechanoreceptors (Herbst and Grandry corpuscles) in bill and tongue of the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos L.) Netherl
    • Berkhoudt, H. 1980. The morphology and distribution of cutaneous mechanoreceptors (Herbst and Grandry corpuscles) in bill and tongue of the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos L.) Netherl. J. Zool. 30:134.
    • (1980) J. Zool. , vol.30 , pp. 134
    • Berkhoudt, H.1
  • 4
    • 0001253141 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous water loss in small birds
    • Bernstein, M. H. 1971. Cutaneous water loss in small birds. Condor 73:268-269.
    • (1971) Condor , vol.73 , pp. 268-269
    • Bernstein, M.H.1
  • 5
    • 33746017493 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen über die Stammesgeschichte der Vogelschuppen und Federn und über die Abhängigkeit ihrer Ausbildung am Vogelfuss von der Funktion
    • Blaszyk, P. 1935. Untersuchungen über die Stammesgeschichte der Vogelschuppen und Federn und über die Abhängigkeit ihrer Ausbildung am Vogelfuss von der Funktion. Morph. Jahrb. 75:483567.
    • (1935) Morph. Jahrb. , vol.75 , pp. 483567
    • Blaszyk, P.1
  • 6
    • 0029788948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative mechanics of bill, claw and feather keratin in the Common Starling Stumns vulgaris
    • Bonser, R. H. C. 1996a. Comparative mechanics of bill, claw and feather keratin in the Common Starling Stumns vulgaris. J. Avian Biol. 27:175-177.
    • (1996) J. Avian Biol. , vol.27 , pp. 175-177
    • Bonser, R.H.C.1
  • 7
    • 0029789159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanical properties of feather keratin
    • \996b.
    • Bonser, R. H. C. \996b. The mechanical properties of feather keratin. J. Zool. 239:477-484.
    • J. Zool. , vol.239 , pp. 477-484
    • Bonser, R.H.C.1
  • 11
    • 0040009925 scopus 로고
    • Patterns in the amino acid composition of avian epidermal proteins
    • Brush, A. H. 1980a. Patterns in the amino acid composition of avian epidermal proteins. Auk 97:742753.
    • (1980) Auk , vol.97 , pp. 742753
    • Brush, A.H.1
  • 12
    • 33746009230 scopus 로고
    • Chemical heterogeneity in keratin proteins of avian epidermal structures
    • Symp. Linn. Soc. Lond., Academic Press, London.
    • Brush, A. H. 19806. Chemical heterogeneity in keratin proteins of avian epidermal structures. In R. I. C. Spearman and P. A. Riley (eds:), The Skin of Vertebrates, pp. 87-109. Symp. Linn. Soc. Lond., No. 9. Academic Press, London.
    • (1986) In R. I. C. Spearman and P. A. Riley (Eds:), the Skin of Vertebrates , Issue.9 , pp. 87-109
    • Brush, A.H.1
  • 13
    • 84987459271 scopus 로고
    • Molecular correlates of morphological differentiation: Avian scutes and scales
    • Brush, A. H. and J. A. Wyld. 1980. Molecular correlates of morphological differentiation: Avian scutes and scales. J. Exp. Zool. 212:153-157.
    • (1980) J. Exp. Zool. , vol.212 , pp. 153-157
    • Brush, A.H.1    Wyld, J.A.2
  • 14
    • 0020346859 scopus 로고
    • Molecular organization of avian epidermal structures
    • Brush, A. H. and J. A. Wyld. 1982. Molecular organization of avian epidermal structures. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 738:313-325.
    • (1982) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , vol.738 , pp. 313-325
    • Brush, A.H.1    Wyld, J.A.2
  • 15
    • 0040603192 scopus 로고
    • Older males have bigger knobs: Correlates of ornamentation in two species of curassow
    • Buchholz, R. 1991. Older males have bigger knobs: Correlates of ornamentation in two species of curassow. Auk 108:153-160.
    • (1991) Auk , vol.108 , pp. 153-160
    • Buchholz, R.1
  • 16
    • 0012409065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoregulatory role of the unfeathered head and neck in male Wild Turkeys
    • Buchholz, R. 1996. Thermoregulatory role of the unfeathered head and neck in male Wild Turkeys. Auk 113:310-318. (
    • (1996) Auk , vol.113 , pp. 310-318
    • Buchholz, R.1
  • 17
    • 0030818423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male dominance and, variation in fleshy head ornamentation in Wild Turkeys
    • Buchholz, R. 1997. Male dominance and, variation in fleshy head ornamentation in Wild Turkeys. J. Avian Biol. 28:223-230.
    • (1997) J. Avian Biol. , vol.28 , pp. 223-230
    • Buchholz, R.1
  • 19
    • 0344915165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of feather-degrading bacilli in the plumage of birds
    • Burtt, E. H., Jr. and J. M. Ichida. 1999. Occurrence of feather-degrading bacilli in the plumage of birds. Auk 116:364-372.
    • (1999) Auk , vol.116 , pp. 364-372
    • Burtt Jr., E.H.1    Ichida, J.M.2
  • 20
    • 0011830786 scopus 로고
    • The influence of embryonic mesoderm on the regional specification of epidermal derivatives in the chick
    • Cairns; J. M. and J. W. Saunders, Jr. 1954. The influence of embryonic mesoderm on the regional specification of epidermal derivatives in the chick. J. Exp. Zool. 127:221-248.
    • (1954) J. Exp. Zool. , vol.127 , pp. 221-248
    • Cairns, J.M.1    Saunders Jr., J.W.2
  • 21
    • 0032495491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An exceptionally well-preserved theropod dinosaur from the Yixian Formation of China
    • Chen, P. J., Z-M. Dong, and S-N. Zhen. 1998. An exceptionally well-preserved theropod dinosaur from the Yixian Formation of China. Nature 391: 147-152.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.391 , pp. 147-152
    • Chen, P.J.1    Dong, Z.-M.2    Zhen, S.-N.3
  • 22
    • 0039417746 scopus 로고
    • Variability in body pterylosis, with special reference to the genus Passer
    • Clench, M. H. 1970. Variability in body pterylosis, with special reference to the genus Passer. Auk 87:650-691.
    • (1970) Auk , vol.87 , pp. 650-691
    • Clench, M.H.1
  • 23
    • 0010460795 scopus 로고
    • Response patterns of cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the domestic duck
    • Dorward, P. K. 1970. Response patterns of cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the domestic duck. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 35:729-735.
    • (1970) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , vol.35 , pp. 729-735
    • Dorward, P.K.1
  • 24
    • 0041197272 scopus 로고
    • Schillerfarben der Vogelfeder als Evolutionsproblem
    • Durrer, H. 1977. Schillerfarben der Vogelfeder als Evolutionsproblem. Denkschr. Schweiz. Natforsch. Ges. 91:1-127.
    • (1977) Denkschr. Schweiz. Natforsch. Ges. , vol.91 , pp. 1-127
    • Durrer, H.1
  • 26
    • 0001737441 scopus 로고
    • Structural colours
    • Dyck, J. 1976. Structural colours. Proc. 16th Int. Ornithol. Congr. 426-437.
    • (1976) Proc. , vol.16 , pp. 426-437
    • Dyck, J.1
  • 27
    • 0001843662 scopus 로고
    • Structure and light reflection of green feathers of fruit doves (Ptilinopus spp.) and an Imperial Pigeon (Ducula concinna)
    • Dyck, J. 1987. Structure and light reflection of green feathers of fruit doves (Ptilinopus spp.) and an Imperial Pigeon (Ducula concinna). K. Dan. Vidensk. Selsk. Biol. Skr. 30:1-43.
    • (1987) K. Dan. Vidensk. Selsk. Biol. Skr. , vol.30 , pp. 1-43
    • Dyck, J.1
  • 29
    • 0017277102 scopus 로고
    • The proteins of the keratin component of birds' beaks
    • Frenkel, M. J. and J. M. Gillespie. 1976. The proteins of the keratin component of birds' beaks. Aust. J. Biol. Sei. 29:467-479.
    • (1976) Aust. J. Biol. Sei. , vol.29 , pp. 467-479
    • Frenkel, M.J.1    Gillespie, J.M.2
  • 31
    • 0040603219 scopus 로고
    • On the "showing-off" of the Australian bustard (Eupodotis australis)
    • Garrod, A. H. 1874. On the "showing-off" of the Australian bustard (Eupodotis australis). Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1874, No. XXXI:471-473.
    • (1874) Proc. Zool. Soc. London , vol.1874 , pp. 471-473
    • Garrod, A.H.1
  • 32
    • 33745990313 scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of avian somatosensory receptors
    • Gottschaldt, K.-M. 1985. Structure and function of avian somatosensory receptors. In A. S. King and J.
    • (1985) In A. S. King and J.
    • Gottschaldt, K.-M.1
  • 33
    • 85037473209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Form and function in birds, Vol. 3, pp. 375-461
    • McLelland (eds.), Form and function in birds, Vol. 3, pp. 375-461. Academic Press, London.
    • Academic Press, London.
  • 34
    • 24544450055 scopus 로고
    • The snowshoe effect of the feathering of ptarmigan feet
    • Höhn, E. O. 1977. The snowshoe effect of the feathering of ptarmigan feet. Condor 79:380-382.
    • (1977) Condor , vol.79 , pp. 380-382
    • Höhn, E.O.1
  • 35
    • 0001781846 scopus 로고
    • Funktionelle-morphologische Untersuchungen zur Radiation der Emährungsund Trinkmethoden der Papagaeien (Psittaci)
    • Hornberger, D. G.J1980. Funktionelle-morphologische Untersuchungen zur Radiation der Emährungsund Trinkmethoden der Papagaeien (Psittaci). Bonn. Zool. Monogr. No. 13.
    • (1980) Bonn. Zool. Monogr. , Issue.1 , pp. 3
    • Hornberger, D.G.J.1
  • 36
    • 34250122988 scopus 로고
    • Functionalmorphological and biochemical correlations of the keratinized structures in the African Grey Parrot, Psillacus erithacus (Aves)
    • Hornberger, D. G. and A. H. Brush. 1986. Functionalmorphological and biochemical correlations of the keratinized structures in the African Grey Parrot, Psillacus erithacus (Aves). Zoomorphology 106: 103-114.
    • (1986) Zoomorphology , vol.106 , pp. 103-114
    • Hornberger, D.G.1    Brush, A.H.2
  • 37
    • 33745981739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional microanatomy of the feather-bearing integument: Implications for the evolution of birds and avian flight
    • Hornberger, D. G. and K. N. de Suva. 2000. Functional microanatomy of the feather-bearing integument: Implications for the evolution of birds and avian flight. Amer. Zool. 40:553-574.
    • (2000) Amer. Zool. , vol.40 , pp. 553-574
    • Hornberger, D.G.1    De Suva, K.N.2
  • 41
    • 0032565960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two feathered dinosaurs from northeastern China
    • Ji, Q., P. J. Currie, M. A. Norell, and S.-A. Ji. 1998. Two feathered dinosaurs from northeastern China. Nature 393:753-761.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.393 , pp. 753-761
    • Ji, Q.1    Currie, P.J.2    Norell, M.A.3    Ji, S.-A.4
  • 45
    • 0016775842 scopus 로고
    • Lipid synthesis in the chick epidermis
    • Lavker, R. M. 1975. Lipid synthesis in the chick epidermis. J. Invest. Derm. 65:93-101.
    • (1975) J. Invest. Derm. , vol.65 , pp. 93-101
    • Lavker, R.M.1
  • 46
    • 0040009895 scopus 로고
    • Pattern of pads and folds in the foot of European Oscines (Aves, Passeriformes)
    • Lennerstedt, I. 1975. Pattern of pads and folds in the foot of European Oscines (Aves, Passeriformes). Zool. Scr. 4:101-109.
    • (1975) Zool. Scr. , vol.4 , pp. 101-109
    • Lennerstedt, I.1
  • 47
    • 0040009900 scopus 로고
    • A functional study of papillae and pads in the foot of passerines, parrots, and owls
    • Lennerstedt, I. 1975£. A functional study of papillae and pads in the foot of passerines, parrots, and owls. Zool. Scr. 4:111-123.
    • (1975) Zool. Scr. , vol.4 , pp. 111-123
    • Lennerstedt, I.1
  • 48
    • 0004500597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the development of feathers
    • I942.
    • Lillie, F R. I942. On the development of feathers. Biol. Rev. 17:247-266.
    • Biol. Rev. , vol.17 , pp. 247-266
    • Lillie, F.R.1
  • 49
    • 0040603217 scopus 로고
    • Lipoid secretion in the avian epidermis. (Abstract)
    • Lucas. A. M. 1968. Lipoid secretion in the avian epidermis. (Abstract). Anat. Rec. 160:386-387.
    • (1968) Anat. Rec. , vol.160 , pp. 386-387
    • Lucas, A.M.1
  • 50
    • 0014848264 scopus 로고
    • Avian functional anatomic problems
    • Lucas, A. M. 1970. Avian functional anatomic problems. Fed. Proc. 29:1641-1648.
    • (1970) Fed. Proc. , vol.29 , pp. 1641-1648
    • Lucas, A.M.1
  • 53
    • 0019826409 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for thé holocrine nature of lipid secretion by avian epidermal cells: A histological and fine structural study of rictus, toe web and the uropygial gland
    • Menon, G. K., S. K. Aggarwal, and A. M. Lucas. 1981. Evidence for thé holocrine nature of lipid secretion by avian epidermal cells: A histological and fine structural study of rictus, toe web and the uropygial gland. J. Morphol. 167:185-199.
    • (1981) J. Morphol. , vol.167 , pp. 185-199
    • Menon, G.K.1    Aggarwal, S.K.2    Lucas, A.M.3
  • 54
    • 0040009901 scopus 로고
    • Ceruminous glands in ear canal of Domestic Fowl Morphology, histochemistry and ultrastructure.iZool
    • Menon, G. K. and N. Salinukul. 1989. Ceruminous glands in ear canal of Domestic Fowl) Morphology, histochemistry and ultrastructure.iZool. Anz. 222:110-121.
    • (1989) Anz. , vol.222 , pp. 110-121
    • Menon, G.K.1    Salinukul, N.2
  • 55
    • 0040009896 scopus 로고
    • Epidermal glands of the vent during breeding season in the House Sparrow: Histology, glycosaminoglycan content and ultrastructure
    • Menon, G. K., N. Salinukul, and M. B. Jani. 1987. Epidermal glands of the vent during breeding season in the House Sparrow: Histology, glycosaminoglycan content and ultrastructure. Zool. Anz. 218:93-103.
    • (1987) Zool. Anz. , vol.218 , pp. 93-103
    • Menon, G.K.1    Salinukul, N.2    Jani, M.B.3
  • 56
    • 0029684609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural organization of avian stratum corneum lipids as the basis for facultative cutaneous waterproofing
    • Menon, G. K., P. F. A. Maderson, R. C. Drewes, L. F. Baptista, L. F. Price, and P. M. Elias. 1996. Ultrastructural organization of avian stratum corneum lipids as the basis for facultative cutaneous waterproofing. J. Morphol. 227:1-13.
    • (1996) J. Morphol. , vol.227 , pp. 1-13
    • Menon, G.K.1    Maderson, P.F.A.2    Drewes, R.C.3    Baptista, L.F.4    Price, L.F.5    Elias, P.M.6
  • 57
    • 84985053189 scopus 로고
    • Infanticide and other adaptations of the nestling striped cuckoo Tapera naevia
    • Morton, E. S. and S. M. Farabaugh. 1979. Infanticide and other adaptations of the nestling striped cuckoo Tapera naevia. Ibis 121:212-213.
    • (1979) Ibis , vol.121 , pp. 212-213
    • Morton, E.S.1    Farabaugh, S.M.2
  • 59
    • 0031767259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BMPs mediate lateral inhibition at successive stages in feather tract development
    • Noramly, S. and B. A. Morgan. 1998. BMPs mediate lateral inhibition at successive stages in feather tract development. Development 125:3775-3787.
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 3775-3787
    • Noramly, S.1    Morgan, B.A.2
  • 61
    • 0039417747 scopus 로고
    • The anatomy of the feather follicle and its immediate surroundings
    • Ostmann, O. W., R. K. Ringer, and M. Tetzlaff. 1963. The anatomy of the feather follicle and its immediate surroundings. Poultry Sei. 42:957-969.
    • (1963) Poultry Sei. , vol.42 , pp. 957-969
    • Ostmann, O.W.1    Ringer, R.K.2    Tetzlaff, M.3
  • 62
    • 0012035665 scopus 로고
    • Mineralization of keratin and its comparison with the enamel matrix
    • Pautard, F. G. E. 1963. Mineralization of keratin and its comparison with the enamel matrix. Nature 199:531-535.
    • (1963) Nature , vol.199 , pp. 531-535
    • Pautard, F.G.E.1
  • 65
    • 0028154301 scopus 로고
    • Structural color production by constructive reflection from ordered collagen arrays in a bird (Philepitta caslanea: Eurylaimidae)
    • Pram, R. O., R. L. Morrison, and G. R. ten Eyck. 1994. Structural color production by constructive reflection from ordered collagen arrays in a bird (Philepitta caslanea: Eurylaimidae). J. Morphol. 222: 61-72.
    • (1994) J. Morphol. , vol.222 , pp. 61-72
    • Pram, R.O.1    Morrison, R.L.2    Ten Eyck, G.R.3
  • 66
    • 0032487963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coherent light scattering by blue bird feather barbs
    • Pram, R. O., R. H. Torres, S. Williamson, and J. Dyck. 1998. Coherent light scattering by blue bird feather barbs. Nature 396:28-29.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.396 , pp. 28-29
    • Pram, R.O.1    Torres, R.H.2    Williamson, S.3    Dyck, J.4
  • 67
    • 0033531139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tsvo-dimensional Fourier analysis of the spongy medullary keratin of structurally coloured feather barbs
    • Pram, R. O., R. Torres, S. Williamson, and J. Dyck. 1999. Tsvo-dimensional Fourier analysis of the spongy medullary keratin of structurally coloured feather barbs. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 266:13-22.
    • (1999) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.266 , pp. 13-22
    • Pram, R.O.1    Torres, R.2    Williamson, S.3    Dyck, J.4
  • 70
    • 0040603194 scopus 로고
    • Comparative survey of the anal glands of birds
    • Quay, W. B. 1967. Comparative survey of the anal glands of birds. Auk 84:379-389.
    • (1967) Auk , vol.84 , pp. 379-389
    • Quay, W.B.1
  • 71
    • 0041197235 scopus 로고
    • Wettability and phylogenetic development of feather structure in water birds
    • Rijke, A. M. 1970. Wettability and phylogenetic development of feather structure in water birds. J. Exp. Biol. 52:469-479.
    • (1970) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.52 , pp. 469-479
    • Rijke, A.M.1
  • 72
    • 0002613714 scopus 로고
    • Plumage wettability of the African Darter Anhinga melanogaster compared with the Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus
    • Rijke, A. M., W. E. Jesser, and S. A. Mahoney. 1989. Plumage wettability of the African Darter Anhinga melanogaster compared with the Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus. Ostrich 60: 128-132.
    • (1989) Ostrich , vol.60 , pp. 128-132
    • Rijke, A.M.1    Jesser, W.E.2    Mahoney, S.A.3
  • 73
    • 0000326122 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen über die Feinstruktur des Schaftes der Vogelfeder
    • Rutschke, E. 1966a. Untersuchungen über die Feinstruktur des Schaftes der Vogelfeder. Zool. Jahrb. 93:223-288.
    • (1966) Zool. Jahrb. , vol.93 , pp. 223-288
    • Rutschke, E.1
  • 74
    • 0013998543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Die submikroskopische Struktur schillernder Federn von Entenvögeln
    • Rutschke, E. I966b. Die submikroskopische Struktur schillernder Federn von Entenvögeln. Ztschr. Zell' ' forsch. 73:432-443.
    • Ztschr. Zell' ' Forsch. , vol.73 , pp. 432-443
  • 75
    • 0041197236 scopus 로고
    • Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Puderbildung bei den Vögeln
    • Schüz, E. 1927. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Puderbildung bei den Vögeln. J. Ornithol. 75:86-223.
    • (1927) J. Ornithol. , vol.75 , pp. 86-223
    • Schüz, E.1
  • 76
    • 0033567120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Betakeratin specific immunological reactivity in feather-like structures of the Cretaceous alvarezsaurid, Shuvuuia deserti
    • Schweitzer, M. H., J. A. Watt, R. Avci, L. Knapp, L. Chiappe, M. Norell, and M. Marshall. 1999. Betakeratin specific immunological reactivity in feather-like structures of the Cretaceous alvarezsaurid, Shuvuuia deserti. J. Exp. Zool. 285:146-157.
    • (1999) J. Exp. Zool. , vol.285 , pp. 146-157
    • Schweitzer, M.H.1    Watt, J.A.2    Avci, R.3    Knapp, L.4    Chiappe, L.5    Norell, M.6    Marshall, M.7
  • 80
    • 0039417749 scopus 로고
    • Die Nervenendorgane der Vogelhaut
    • Stammer, A. 1961. Die Nervenendorgane der Vogelhaut. Acta Biol. 7:115-131.
    • (1961) Acta Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 115-131
    • Stammer, A.1
  • 81
    • 0344542852 scopus 로고
    • Klassifikation der Prachtfinken, Spermestidae, auf Grund der Rachenzeichnungen ihrer Nestlinge
    • Steiner, H. 1960. Klassifikation der Prachtfinken, Spermestidae, auf Grund der Rachenzeichnungen ihrer Nestlinge. J. Ornithol. 101:92-112.
    • (1960) J. Ornithol. , vol.101 , pp. 92-112
    • Steiner, H.1
  • 82
    • 0000221364 scopus 로고
    • Structural adaptations in feathers
    • Stettenheim, P. 1976. Structural adaptations in feathers. Proc. 16th Int. Ornithol. Congr. 385-401.
    • (1976) Proc. , vol.16 , pp. 385-401
    • Stettenheim, P.1
  • 83
    • 0015589509 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of endothermy
    • Stevens, E. D. 1973. The evolution of endothermy. J. Theor. Biol. 38:597-611.
    • (1973) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.38 , pp. 597-611
    • Stevens, E.D.1
  • 84
    • 0017386520 scopus 로고
    • The structure of chicken scale keratin
    • Stewart, M. 1977. The structure of chicken scale keratin. J. Ultrastruc. Res. 60:27-33.
    • (1977) J. Ultrastruc. Res. , vol.60 , pp. 27-33
    • Stewart, M.1
  • 86
    • 33745983376 scopus 로고
    • Waterfowl, ducks, geese & swans of the world
    • Todd, F. S. 1979. Waterfowl, ducks, geese & swans of the world. Sea World Press, San Diego.
    • (1979) Sea World Press, San Diego.
    • Todd, F.S.1
  • 88
    • 0013605222 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of feather replacement during natural molt
    • Watson, G. E. 1963. The mechanism of feather replacement during natural molt. Auk 80:486-495.
    • (1963) Auk , vol.80 , pp. 486-495
    • Watson, G.E.1
  • 91
    • 0033609334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A therizinosauroid dinosaur with integumentary structures from China
    • Xu, X., ZA. Tang, and X.-L. Wang. 1999a. A therizinosauroid dinosaur with integumentary structures from China. Nature 399:350-354.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.399 , pp. 350-354
    • Xu, X.1    Tang, Z.A.2    Wang, X.-L.3
  • 92
    • 0033575976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dromaeosaurid dinosaur with a filamentous integument from the Yixian Formation of China
    • Xu, X., X.-L. Wang, and X.-C. Wu. 19996. A dromaeosaurid dinosaur with a filamentous integument from the Yixian Formation of China. Nature 401:262-266.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 262-266
    • Xu, X.1    Wang, X.-L.2    Wu, X.-C.3
  • 93
    • 0002108163 scopus 로고
    • Zur Kenntnis des Samenöffnens und der Struktur des hömernen Gaumens bei körnerfressenden Oscines
    • Ziswiler, V. 1965. Zur Kenntnis des Samenöffnens und der Struktur des hömernen Gaumens bei körnerfressenden Oscines. J. Ornithol. 106:1-48.
    • (1965) J. Ornithol. , vol.106 , pp. 1-48
    • Ziswiler, V.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.