The structure and driving mechanisms of the Baltic intrusions

Journal of Physical Oceanography

Volumn 35, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 1120-1137

  Kuzmina, Natalia ^a   Rudels, Bert ^b   Stipa, Tapani ^b   Zhurbas, Victor ^a  

^a SHIRSHOV INSTITUTE OF OCEANOLOGY   (Russian Federation)

^b FINNISH INSTITUTE OF MARINE RESEARCH   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIFFUSION; HEAT CONVECTION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MIXING; THERMAL STRATIFICATION; VENTILATION;

DIAPYCNICAL MIXING; DIFFUSIVE CONVECTION; INTRUSIVE LAYERS; SALINITY STRATIFICATION;

CATCHMENTS;

STRATIFICATION; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION;

EID: 23044466986     PISSN: 00223670     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JPO2749.1     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Fedorov, K. N., 1978: The Thermohaline Fine Structure of the Ocean. Pergamon, 170 pp.
2. Fedorov, K. N., 1986: The Physical Nature and Structure of Oceanic Fronts (translation from Russian). Springer-Verlag, 333 pp.
3. Huppert, H. E., 1971: On the stability of double-diffusive layers. Deep-Sea Res., 18 (10), 1005-1022.
4. Kamke, E., 1959: Differentialgleichungen Losungsmethoden und Losungen. 3d ed. Chelsea, 660 pp.
5. Kelley, D. E., 1990: Fluxes through diffusive staircases: A new formulation. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 3365-3371.
6. Kunze, E., 1990: The evolution of salt fingers in inertial wave shear. J. Mar. Res., 48, 471-504.
7. Kuzmina, N. P., 2001: On the vertical structure of 3-dimensional interleaving in the oceanic fronts with high baroclinicity and thermoclinicity. Oceanology, 28, 356-363.
8. Kuzmina, N. P., and V. B. Rodionov, 1992: Influence of baroclinicity on the formation of thermohaline intrusions in ocean frontal zones. Izv. Acad. Sci. USSR, Atmos. Oceanic Phys., 28, 804-810.
9. Kuzmina, N. P., and V. M. Zhurbas, 2000: Effects of double diffusion and turbulence on interleaving at baroclinic oceanic fronts. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 3025-3038.
10. May, B. D., and D. E. Kelley, 1997: Effect of baroclinicity on double-diffusive interleaving. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 1997-2008.
11. McDougall, T. J., 1985a: Double-diffusive interleaving. Part I: Linear stability analysis. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 1532-1541.
12. McDougall, T. J., 1985b: Double-diffusive interleaving. Part II: Finite amplitude, steady state interleaving. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 1542-1556.
13. McIntyre, M. E., 1970: Diffusive destabilization of the baroclinic circular vortex. Geophys. Fluid Dyn., 1, 19-57.
14. Niino, H., 1986: A linear stability theory of double-diffusive horizontal intrusions in a temperature-salinity front. J. Fluid Mech., 171, 71-100.
15. Ruddick, B., 1983: A practical indicator of the stability of the water column to double-diffusive activity. Deep-Sea Res., 30, 1105-1107.
16. Ruddick, B., and J. S. Turner, 1979: The vertical length scale of double-diffusive intrusions. Deep-Sea Res., 26A, 903-913.
17. Rudels, B., G. Bjork, R. D. Muench, and U. Schaver, 1999: Double-diffusive layering in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean. J. Mar. Syst., 21, 3-27.
18. Schmitt, R., 1998: Double-diffusion convection. Ocean Modeling and Parameterization, E.P. Chassignet and J. Verron, Eds., Kluwer Academic, 215-234.
19. Schmitt, R., 1999: Spice and the Demon. Science, 283, 498-499.
20. Stern, M. E., 1967: Lateral mixing of water masses. Deep-Sea Res., 14, 747-753.
21. Stipa, T., 2002: Temperature as a passive isopycnal tracer in salty, spiceless oceans. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1953, doi:10.1029/ 2001GL014532.
22. Stommel, H., and K. N. Fedorov, 1967: Small scale structure in temperature and salinity near Timor and Mindanao. Tellus, 19, 306-325.
23. Toole, J., and D. T. Georgi, 1981: On the dynamics and effects of double-diffusively driven intrusions. Progress in Oceanography, Vol. 10, Pergamon, 123-145.
24. Turner, J. S., 1965: The coupled turbulent transport of salt and heat across a sharp density interface. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 8, 759-767.
25. Walsh, D., and B. Ruddick, 1995: Double-diffusively driven intrusions: The influence of nonconstant diffusivities. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 348-358.
26. Walsh, D., and B. Ruddick, 2000: Double-diffusive interleaving in the presence of turbulence - The effect of a nonconstant flux ratio. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 2231-2245.
27. Walsh, D., and E. Carmack, 2002: A note on evanescent behavior of Arctic thermohaline intrusions. J. Mar. Res., 60, 281-310.
28. Welch, C. S., 1981: Mid-level intrusions at the continental shelf edge. J. Geophys. Res., 86 (C11), 11 013-11 019.
29. Woods, J. D., R. Onken, and J. Fisher, 1986: Thermohaline intrusions created isopycnally at oceanic fronts are inclined to isopycnals. Nature, 322, 446-448.
30. Yoshida, J., H. Nagashima, and H. Niino, 1989: The behavior of double-diffusive intrusion in a rotating system. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 4923-4937.
31. Zhurbas, V. M., and N. P. Kuzmina, 1981: On mixed patch spread in rotating stably stratified fluid. Izv. Acad. Nauk. Phys. Atmos. Ocean., 17 (3), 286-295.
32. Zhurbas, V. M., and N. P. Kuzmina, 1997: Mesoscale thermohaline variability in the Eastern Gotland Basin following the 1993 major Baltic inflow. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 20 917-20 926.
33. Zhurbas, V. M., and N. P. Kuzmina, 1999: What drives thermohaline intrusions in the Baltic Sea? J. Mar. Syst., 21, 229-241.
34. Zhurbas, V. M., and I. S. Oh, 2001: Can turbulence suppress double-diffusively driven interleaving completely? J. Phys. Oceanogr., 31, 2251-2254.