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note
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′) exceeds 1, this hopping event always occurs. Therefore, the probability w needs to be adjusted by choosing the interval time Δt carefully.
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31
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23044431509
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note
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At higher temperatures, we performed the simulation for shorter periods than 1 min, because the surface configuration reaches the thermal equilibrium shorter than 1 min (60 s for 330-375 K, 10 s for 380-425 K, 2 s for 430-455 K, and 1 s for 460-500 K). We confirmed whether the system attains the equilibrium or not by monitoring the (2×2) spot intensity.
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We performed the simulation for the periods shorter than 3 min at higher temperatures by the reason in Ref. 31.
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