Local string models of soft supersymmetry breaking

Journal of High Energy Physics

Volumn 8, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 143-179

  Lawrence, Albion ^a   McGreevy, John ^b  

^a BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

D branes; Superstring Vacua; Supersymmetry Breaking

Indexed keywords

EID: 23044461062     PISSN: 10298479     EISSN: 10298479     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/1126-6708/2004/06/007     Document Type: Article

References (137)

1. J. Wess and J. Bagger, Supersymmetry and supergravity, 2nd ed., Princeton University Press, Princeton 1992.
2. M. Dine and N. Seiberg, Couplings and scales in superstring models, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 366.
3. V.S. Kaplunovsky, Mass scales of the string unification, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 1036.
4. E. Witten, Strong coupling expansion of Calabi-Yau compactification, Nucl. Phys. B 471 (1996) 135 [hep-th/9602070].
5. T. Banks and M. Dine, Couplings and scales in strongly coupled heterotic string theory, Nucl. Phys. B 479 (1996) 173 [hep-th/9605136].
6. N. Kaloper, M. Kleban, A.E. Lawrence and S. Shenker, Signatures of short distance physics in the cosmic microwave background, Phys. Rev. D 66 (2002) 123510 [hep-th/0201158].
7. S. Dimopoulos and H. Georgi, Softly broken supersymmetry and SU(5), Nucl. Phys. B 193 (1981) 150.
8. L. Girardello and M.T. Grisaru, Soft breaking of supersymmetry, Nucl. Phys. B 194 (1982) 65.
9. S. Kachru, R. Kallosh, A. Linde and S.P. Trivedi, de Sitter vacua in string theory, Phys. Rev. D 68 (2003) 046005 [hep-th/0301240];
10. S. Kachru, R. Kallosh, A. Linde, J. Maldacena, L. McAllister and S.P. Trivedi, Towards inflation in string theory, JCAP 10 (2003) 013 [hep-th/0308055].
11. M. Dine and D. MacIntire, Supersymmetry, naturalness and dynamical supersymmetry breaking, Phys. Rev. D 46 (1992) 2594 [hep-ph/9205227];
12. L. Randall and R. Sundrum, Out of this world supersymmetry breaking, Nucl. Phys. B 557 (1999) 79 [hep-th/9810155];
13. G.F. Giudice, M.A. Luty, H. Murayama and R. Rattazzi, Gaugino mass without singlets, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (1998) 027 [hep-ph/9810442].
14. Z. Chacko, M.A. Luty and E. Ponton, Massive higher-dimensional gauge fields as messengers of supersymmetry breaking, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2000) 036 [hep-ph/9909248];
15. D.E. Kaplan, G.D. Kribs and M. Schmaltz, Supersymmetry breaking through transparent extra dimensions, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 035010 [hep-ph/9911293];
16. Z. Chacko, M.A. Luty, A.E. Nelson and E. Ponton, Gaugino mediated supersymmetry breaking, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2000) 003 [hep-ph/9911323];
17. M. Schmaltz and W. Skiba, Minimal gaugino mediation, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 095005 [hep-ph/0001172];
18. D.E. Kaplan and G.D. Kribs, Gaugino-assisted anomaly mediation, J. High Energy Phys. 09 (2000) 048 [hep-ph/0009195].
19. S. Dimopoulos, S. Kachru, N. Kaloper, A.E. Lawrence and E. Silverstein, Small numbers from tunneling between brane throats, Phys. Rev. D 64 (2001) 121702 [hep-th/0104239];
20. Generating small numbers by tunneling in multi-throat compactifications, hep-th/0106128.
21. N. Berkovits and W. Siegel, Superspace effective actions for 4d compactifications of heterotic and type-II superstrings, Nucl. Phys. B 462 (1996) 213 [hep-th/9510106].
22. N. Berkovits, Covariant quantization of the Green-Schwarz superstring in a Calabi-Yau background, Nucl. Phys. B 431 (1994) 258 [hep-th/9404162].
23. N.J. Evans, S.D.H. Hsu and M. Schwetz, Exact results in softly broken supersymmetric models, Phys. Lett. B 355 (1995) 475 [hep-th/9503186];
24. N.J. Evans, S.D.H. Hsu, M. Schwetz and S.B. Selipsky, Exact results and soft breaking masses in supersymmetric gauge theory, Nucl. Phys. B 456 (1995) 205 [hep-th/9508002];
25. N.J. Evans, S.D.H. Hsu and M. Schwetz, Controlled soft breaking of N = 1 SQCD, Phys. Lett. B 404 (1997) 77 [hep-th/9703197].
26. O. Aharony, J. Sonnenschein, M.E. Peskin and S. Yankielowicz, Exotic nonsupersymmetric gauge dynamics from supersymmetric QCD, Phys. Rev. D 52 (1995) 6157 [hep-th/9507013];
27. E. D'Hoker, Y. Mimura and N. Sakai, Gauge symmetry breaking through soft masses in supersymmetric gauge theories, Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 7724 [hep-th/9603206];
28. H.-C. Cheng and Y. Shadmi, Duality in the presence of supersymmetry breaking, Nucl. Phys. B 531 (1998) 125 [hep-th/9801146];
29. N. Arkani-Hamed and R. Rattazzi, Exact results for non-holomorphic masses in softly broken supersymmetric gauge theories, Phys. Lett. B 454 (1999) 290 [hep-th/9804068];
30. M.A. Luty and R. Rattazzi, Soft supersymmetry breaking in deformed moduli spaces, conformal theories and N = 2 Yang-Mills theory, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (1999) 001 [hep-th/9908085];
31. G.R. Farrar, G. Gabadadze and M. Schwetz, The spectrum of softly broken N = 1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, Phys. Rev. D 60 (1999) 035002 [hep-th/9806204].
32. R. Dijkgraaf and C. Vafa, Matrix models, topological strings and supersymmetric gauge theories, Nucl. Phys. B 644 (2002) 3 [hep-th/0206255];
33. On geometry and matrix models, Nucl. Phys. B 644 (2002) 21 [hep-th/0207106];
34. A perturbative window into non-perturbative physics, hep-th/0208048.
35. P. Mayr, On supersymmetry breaking in string theory and its realization in brane worlds, Nucl. Phys. B 593 (2001) 99 [hep-th/0003198].
36. A. Anisimov, M. Dine, M. Graesser and S. Thomas, Brane world SUSY breaking, Phys. Rev. D 65 (2002) 105011 [hep-th/0111235];
37. Brane world SUSY breaking from string/M theory, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2002) 036 [hep-th/0201256].
38. M. Graña, D3-brane action in a supergravity background: the fermionic story, Phys. Rev. D 66 (2002) 045014 [hep-th/0202118].
39. O. DeWolfe and S.B. Giddings, Scales and hierarchies in warped compactifications and brane worlds, Phys. Rev. D 67 (2003) 066008 [hep-th/0208123].
40. M. Graña, MSSM parameters from supergravity backgrounds, Phys. Rev. D 67 (2003) 066006 [hep-th/0209200].
41. P.G. Camara, L.E. Ibáñez and A.M. Uranga, Flux-induced SUSY-breaking soft terms, Nucl. Phys. B 689 (2004) 195 [hep-th/0311241].
42. M. Graña, T.W. Grimm, H. Jockers and J. Louis, Soft supersymmetry breaking in Calabi-Yau orientifolds with D-branes and fluxes, Nucl. Phys. B 690 (2004) 21 [hep-th/0312232].
43. N.J. Evans, M. Petrini and A. Zaffaroni, The gravity dual of softly broken N = 1 super Yang-Mills, J. High Energy Phys. 06 (2002) 004 [hep-th/0203203];
44. O. Aharony, E. Schreiber and J. Sonnenschein, Stable non-supersymmetric supergravity solutions from deformations of the maldacena-Núñez background, J. High Energy Phys. 04 (2002) 011 [hep-th/0201224];
45. V. Borokhov and S.S. Gubser, Non-supersymmetric deformations of the dual of a confining gauge theory, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2003) 034 [hep-th/0206098];
46. S. Kuperstein and J. Sonnenschein, Analytic non-supersymmtric background dual of a confining gauge theory and the corresponding plane wave theory of hadrons, J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2004) 015 [hep-th/0309011].
47. L. Alvarez-Gaumé and M. Mariño, Softly broken N = 2 QCD, hep-th/9606168;
48. More on softly broken N = 2 QCD, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 12 (1997) 975 [hep-th/9606191].
49. C. Vafa, Superstrings and topological strings at large-N, J. Math. Phys. 42 (2001) 2798 [hep-th/0008142].
50. S. Gukov, C. Vafa and E. Witten, CFT's from Calabi-Yau four-folds, Nucl. Phys. B 584 (2000) 69 [hep-th/9906070], erratum ibid. B 608 (2001) 477.,
51. T.R. Taylor and C. Vafa, RR flux on Calabi-Yau and partial supersymmetry breaking, Phys. Lett. B 474 (2000) 130 [hep-th/9912152].
52. N. Berkovits, H. Ooguri and C. Vafa, On the worldsheet derivation of large-N dualities for the superstring, hep-th/0310118.
53. R. Gopakumar and C. Vafa, Topological gravity as large-N topological gauge theory, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 2 (1998) 413 [hep-th/9802016];
54. On the gauge theory/geometry correspondence, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 3 (1999) 1415 [hep-th/9811131];
55. J.M. Maldacena and C. Núñez, Towards the large-N limit of pure N = 1 super Yang-Mills, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2001) 588 [hep-th/0008001];
56. I.R. Klebanov and A.A. Tseytlin, Gravity duals of supersymmetric SU(N) × SU(N + M) gauge theories, Nucl. Phys. B 578 (2000) 123 [hep-th/0002159];
57. J. Polchinski and M.J. Strassler, The string dual of a confining four-dimensional gauge theory, hep-th/0003136.
58. F. Cachazo, K.A. Intriligator and C. Vafa, A large-N duality via a geometric transition, Nucl. Phys. B 603 (2001) 3 [hep-th/0103067].
59. L Brunner, M.R. Douglas, A.E. Lawrence and C. Romelsberger, D-branes on the quintic, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2000) 015 [hep-th/9906200].
60. M.R. Douglas, Topics in D-geometry, Class. and Quant. Grav. 17 (2000) 1057 [hep-th/9910170];
61. M.R. Douglas, B. Fiol and C. Romelsberger, The spectrum of BPS branes on a noncompact Calabi-Yau, hep-th/0003263;
62. D.-E. Diaconescu and M.R. Douglas, D-branes on stringy Calabi-Yau manifolds, hep-th/0006224;
63. M.R. Douglas, D-branes on Calabi-Yau manifolds, math.AG/0009209;
64. D-branes and N = 1 supersymmetry, hep-th/0105014.
65. M. Bershadsky, S. Cecotti, H. Ooguri and C. Vafa, Kodaira-Spencer theory of gravity and exact results for quantum string amplitudes, Commun. Math. Phys. 165 (1994) 311 [hep-th/9309140].
66. M. Bershadsky, S. Cecotti, H. Ooguri and C. Vafa, Holomorphic anomalies in topological field theories, Nucl. Phys. B 405 (1993) 279 [hep-th/9302103].
67. M. Klein, Couplings in pseudo-supersymmetry, Phys. Rev. D 66 (2002) 055009 [hep-th/0205300];
68. C.P. Burgess, E. Filotas, M. Klein and F. Quevedo, Low-energy brane-world effective actions and partial supersymmetry breaking, J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2003) 041 [hep-th/0209190].
69. R. Grimm, M. Sohnius and J. Wess, Extended supersymmetry and gauge theories, Nucl. Phys. B 133 (1978) 275.
70. B. de Wit and J.W. van Holten, Multiplets of linearized SO(2) supergravity, Nucl. Phys. B 155 (1979) 530.
71. M. de Roo, J.W. van Holten, B. de Wit and A. Van Proeyen, Chiral superfields in N = 2 supergravity, Nucl. Phys. B 173 (1980) 175.
72. J.J. Atick, L. J. Dixon and A. Sen, String calculation of Fayet-Iliopoulos D terms in arbitrary supersymmetric compactifications, Nucl. Phys. B 292 (1987) 109.
73. M. Dine, I. Ichinose and N. Seiberg, F terms and D terms in string theory, Nucl. Phys. B 293 (1987) 253.
74. S. Kachru, M.B. Schulz, P.K. Tripathy and S.P. Trivedi, New supersymmetric string compactifications, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2003) 061 [hep-th/0211182].
75. Discussions of mirror symmetry in the presence of NS flux can be found for example in S. Gurrieri, J. Louis, A. Micu and D. Waldram, Mirror symmetry in generalized Calabi-Yau compactifications, Nucl. Phys. B 654 (2003) 61 [hep-th/0211102];
76. S. Gurrieri and A. Micu, Type iib theory on half-flat manifolds, Class. and Quant. Grav. 20 (2003) 2181 [hep-th/0212278];
77. S. Fidanza, R. Minasian and A. Tomasiello, Mirror symmetric SU(3) -structure manifolds with ns fluxes, hep-th/0311122.
78. S. Hellerman, A. Lawrence and J. McGreevy, work in progress.
79. H. Partouche and B. Pioline, Partial spontaneous breaking of global supersymmetry, Nucl. Phys. 56B (Proc. Suppl.) (1997) 322 [hep-th/9702115].
80. P. Candelas, P.S. Green and T. Hubsch, Rolling among Calabi-Yau vacua, Nucl. Phys. B 330 (1990) 49.
81. P. Candelas and X. de la Ossa, Moduli space of Calabi-Yau manifolds, Nucl. Phys. B 355 (1991) 455.
82. A. Strominger, Special geometry, Commun. Math. Phys. 133 (1990) 163.
83. J. Polchinski, String theory, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1998.
84. B.A. Ovrut, Superstrings and the auxiliary field structure of supergravity, Phys. Lett. B 205 (1988) 455.
85. S. Cecotti, S. Ferrara and L. Girardello, Heterotic superstrings in auxiliary field background and extended space-time supersymmetry, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 451.
86. T. Banks, L.J. Dixon, D. Friedan and E. J. Martinec, Phenomenology and conformal field theory or can string theory predict the weak mixing angle?, Nucl. Phys. B 299 (1988) 613.
87. T. Banks and L.J. Dixon, Constraints on string vacua with space-time supersymmetry, Nucl. Phys. B 307 (1988) 93.
88. C.M. Hull, Sigma model beta functions and string compactifications, Nucl. Phys. B 267 (1986) 266.
89. J.M. Maldacena and C. Núñez, Towards the large-N limit of pure N = 1 super Yang-Mills, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2001) 588 [hep-th/0008001].
90. J.H. Schwarz, Covariant field equations of chiral N = 2 D = 10 supergravity, Nucl. Phys. B 226 (1983) 269.
91. S.F. Hassan, T-duality, space-time spinors and RR fields in curved backgrounds, Nucl. Phys. B 568 (2000) 145 [hep-th/9907152].
92. 5, Phys. Rev. D 63 (2001) 026001 [hep-th/0009211].
93. S.S. Gubser, Supersymmetry and F-theory realization of the deformed conifold with three-form flux, hep-th/0010010.
94. M. Grana and J. Polchinski, Gauge/gravity duals with holomorphic dilaton, Phys. Rev. D 65 (2002) 126005 [hep-th/0106014].
95. S.B. Giddings, S. Kachru and J. Polchinski, Hierarchies from fluxes in string compactifications, Phys. Rev. D 66 (2002) 106006 [hep-th/0105097].
96. I. Antoniadis, H. Partouche and T.R. Taylor, Spontaneous breaking of N = 2 global supersymmetry, Phys. Lett. B 372 (1996) 83 [hep-th/9512006].
97. I. Antoniadis and T.R. Taylor, Dual N = 2 SUSY breaking, Fortschr. Phys. 44 (1996) 487 [hep-th/9604062].
98. J. Polchinski and A. Strominger, New vacua for type-II string theory, Phys. Lett. B 388 (1996) 736 [hep-th/9510227].
99. E. Witten, Baryons and branes in anti de Sitter space, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (1998) 006 [hep-th/9805112];
100. D.J. Gross and H. Ooguri, Aspects of large-N gauge theory dynamics as seen by string theory, Phys. Rev. D 58 (1998) 106002 [hep-th/9805129].
101. N. Seiberg and E. Witten, Electric-magnetic duality, monopole condensation and confinement in N = 2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, Nucl. Phys. B 426 (1994) 19 [hep-th/9407087], erratum ibid. B 430 (1994) 485.
102. B.R. Greene, D.R. Morrison and C. Vafa, A geometric realization of confinement, Nucl. Phys. B 481 (1996) 513 [hep-th/9608039].
103. S. Kachru, S. Katz, A.E. Lawrence and J. McGreevy, Open string instantons and superpotentials, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 026001 [hep-th/9912151].
104. M.R. Douglas, D-branes, categories and N = 1 super symmetry, J. Math. Phys. 42 (2001) 2818 [hep-th/0011017].
105. E. Witten, Branes and the dynamics of QCD, Nucl. Phys. B 507 (1997) 658 [hep-th/9706109].
106. M. Reid, Minimal models of canonical 3-folds, Advanced Studies in Pure Mathematics 1, S. litaka ed., Kinokuniya 1983, pp. 131-180.
107. F. Cachazo and C. Vafa, N = 1 and N = 2 geometry from fluxes, hep-th/0206017.
108. P. Candelas, X. De La Ossa, A. Font, S. Katz and D.R. Morrison, Mirror symmetry for two parameter models, I, Nucl. Phys. B 416 (1994) 481 [hep-th/9308083].
109. S. Katz, D.R. Morrison and M. Ronen Plesser, Enhanced gauge symmetry in type-II string theory, Nucl. Phys. B 477 (1996) 105 [hep-th/9601108].
110. S. Kachru, S. Katz, A.E. Lawrence and J. McGreevy, Mirror symmetry for open strings, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 126005 [hep-th/0006047];
111. Mirror symmetry for open strings, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 126005 [hep-th/0006047].
112. R. Dijkgraaf, M.T. Grisaru, C.S. Lam, C. Vafa and D. Zanon, Perturbative computation of glueball superpotentials, Phys. Lett. B 573 (2003) 138 [hep-th/0211017].
113. F. Cachazo, M.R. Douglas, N. Seiberg and E. Witten, Chiral rings and anomalies in supersymmetric gauge theory, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2002) 071 [hep-th/0211170].
114. V.A. Novikov, M.A. Shifman, A.I. Vainshtein and V.I. Zakharov, Instanton effects in supersymmetric theories, Nucl. Phys. B 229 (1983) 407.
115. G.G. Rossi and G. Veneziano, Nonperturbative breakdown of the nonrenormalization theorem in supersymmetric QCD, Phys. Lett. B 138 (1984) 195.
116. D. Amati, K. Konishi, Y. Meurice, G.C. Rossi and G. Veneziano, Nonperturbative aspects in supersymmetric gauge theories, Phys. Rept. 162 (1988) 169.
117. A. Brandhuber, H. Ita, H. Nieder, Y. Oz and C. Romelsberger, Chiral rings, superpotentials and the vacuum structure of N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theories, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 7 (2003) 269 [hep-th/0303001].
118. K.-I. Izawa and T. Yanagida, Dynamical supersymmetry breaking in vector-like gauge theories, Prog. Theor. Phys. 95 (1996) 829 [hep-th/9602180];
119. K.A. Intriligator and S. Thomas, Dynamical supersymmetry breaking on quantum moduli spaces, Nucl. Phys. B 473 (1996) 121 [hep-th/9603158];
120. Dual descriptions of supersymmetry breaking, hep-th/9608046.
121. K. Konishi and G. Veneziano, Effective action for dynamical supersymmetry breaking, Phys. Lett. B 187 (1987) 106.
122. G. Veneziano and S. Yankielowicz, An effective lagrangian for the pure N = 1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, Phys. Lett. B 113 (1982) 231.
123. H. Ooguri and C. Vafa, Worldsheet derivation of a large-N duality, Nucl. Phys. B 641 (2002) 3 [hep-th/0205297].
124. R. Dijkgraaf, S. Gukov, V.A. Kazakov and C. Vafa, Perturbative analysis of gauged matrix models, Phys. Rev. D 68 (2003) 045007 [hep-th/0210238].
125. E. Witten, Constraints on supersymmetry breaking, Nucl. Phys. B 202 (1982) 253.
126. T.R. Taylor, G. Veneziano and S. Yankielowicz, Supersymmetric QCD and its massless limit: an effective lagrangian analysis, Nucl. Phys. B 218 (1983) 493;
127. M. Peskin, in Problems in unification and supergravity, G. Farrar and F. Heney eds., AIP, New York 1984.
128. V. Balasubramanian, J. de Boer, B. Feng, Y.-H. He, M.-x. Huang, V. Jejjala, and A. Naqvi, Multi-trace superpotentials vs. matrix models, Commun. Math. Phys. 242 (2003) 361 [hep-th/0212082].
129. M.T. Grisaru and D. Zanon, Covariant supergraphs, 1. Yang-Mills theory, Nucl. Phys. B 252 (1985) 578.
130. F. Dyson, Divergence of perturbation theory in quantum electrodynamics, Phys. Rev. 85 (1952) 631.
131. C.M. Hull, Gravitational duality, branes and charges, Nucl. Phys. B 509 (1998) 216 [hep-th/9705162].
132. A. Strominger, S.-T. Yau and E. Zaslow, Mirror symmetry is T-duality, Nucl. Phys. B 479 (1996) 243 [hep-th/9606040].
133. S. Hellerman, J. McGreevy and B. Williams, Geometric constructions of nongeometric string theories, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2004) 024 [hep-th/0208174];
134. A. Dabholkar and C. Hull, Duality twists, orbifolds and fluxes, J. High Energy Phys. 09 (2003) 054 [hep-th/0210209];
135. A. Flournoy, B. Wecht and B. Williams, to appear.
136. S. Hellerman, Princeton journal club.
137. S. Kachru, X. Liu, M.B. Schulz and S.P. Trivedi, Supersymmetry changing bubbles in string theory, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2003) 014 [hep-th/0205108].