Does earlier detection of critically ill patients on surgical wards lead to better outcomes?

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

Volumn 87, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 226-232

  Subbe, Chris P ^a,c   Williams, E ^a   Fligelstone, L ^b   Gemmell, L ^a  

^a WREXHAM MAELOR HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b MORRISTON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c NONE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Critical care standards; Mortality; Postoperative complication prevention and control; Risk Assessment; Severity of illness index

Indexed keywords

AUSTRALIA; BODY TEMPERATURE; BREATHING RATE; CARDIOPULMONARY ARREST; CLINICAL OBSERVATION; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DETERIORATION; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; EMERGENCY TREATMENT; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HEART RATE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MEDLINE; METHODOLOGY; MORTALITY; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PATIENT REFERRAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCORING SYSTEM; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SURGICAL PATIENT; SURGICAL WARD; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; UNITED KINGDOM; UNITED STATES;

ALGORITHMS; CRITICAL CARE; CRITICAL ILLNESS; HEART ARREST; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE; PATIENTS' ROOMS; PROGNOSIS; RESEARCH;

EID: 22944463335     PISSN: 00358843     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1308/003588405X50921     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Hedges JR, Adams AL, Gunnels MD. ATLS practices and survival at rural level III trauma hospitals, 1995-1999. Prehosp Emerg Care 2002; 6: 299-305.
2. Nardi G, Riccioni L, Cerchiari E, De Blasio E, Gristina G, Oransky M et al. Impact of an integrated treatment approach of the severely injured patients (ISS ≥ 16) on hospital mortality and quality of care. Minerva Anesthesiol 2002; 68: 25-35.
3. Meechan TP, Fine MJ, Krumholz HM, Scinto JD, Galusha DH, Mockalis JT et al. Quality of care, process, and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia. JAMA 1997; 278: 2080-4.
4. Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, Ressler J, Muzzin A, Knoblich B et al. Early goal directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1368-77.
5. Lee A, Bishop G, Hilman K, Daffurn K. The medical emergency team. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995; 23: 183-6.
6. Braithwaite RS, DeVita MA, Mahidhara R, Simmons RL, Stuart S, Foraida M, Medical Emergency Response Improvement Team (MERIT). Use of medical emergency team (MET) responses to detect medical errors. Qual Safety Health Care 2004; 13: 255-9.
7. Department of Health. Comprehensive Critical Care: A review of adult critical care services. London: DoH, 2000.
8. Modernisation Agency. The National Outreach Report 2003, Progress in Developing Services. London: Modernisation Agency, 2003.
9. McGloin H, Adam SK, Singer M. Unexpected deaths and referrals to intensive care of patients on general wards. Are some potentially avoidable? J R Coll Physicians Lond 1999; 33: 255-9.
10. Hillman KM, Bristow PJ, Chey T, Daffurn K, Jacques T, Norman SL et al. Duration of life-threatening antecedents prior to intensive care admission. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28: 1629-34.
11. Sax FL, Charlson ME. Medical patients at high risk for catastrophic deterioration. Crit Care Med 1987; 15: 510-5.
12. Schein RMH, Hazday N, Pena M, Ruben BH, Sprung CL. Clinical antecedents to in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest. Chest 1990; 98: 1388-92.
13. Franklin C, Mathew J. Developing strategies to prevent in-hospital cardiac arrest: analysing responses of physicians and nurses in the hours before the event. Crit Care Med 1994; 22: 244-7.
14. McQuillan P, Pilkington S, Allan A, Taylor B, Short A, Morgan G et al. Confidential inquiry into quality of care before admission to intensive care. BMJ 1998; 316: 1853-8.
15. Stenhouse C, Coates S, Tivey M, Allsop P, Parker T. Prospective evaluation of a Modified Early Warning Score to aid earlier detection of patients developing critical illness on a general surgical ward. Br J Anaesth 2000; 84: 663P.
16. Atkinson J, Middleton L, Subbe L, Fligelstone L. Early Warning Scores - a stitch in time saves nine. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the British Association of Surgeons in Harrogate, 2004.
17. Stenhouse C, Hanks R, Goldfrad C, Rowan K. Let's reach out for outreach in critical care. Br J Anaesth 2002; 89: 364P.
18. Simchen E, Sprung CL, Galai N, Zitser-Gurevich Y, Bar-Lavi Y, Gurman G et al. Survival of critically ill patients hospitalized in and out of intensive care units under paucity of intensive care unit beds. Crit Care Med 2004, 32: 1654-61.
19. Morgan RJM, Williams F, Wright MM. An Early Warning Scoring System for detecting developing critical illness. Clin Intensive Care 1997; 8: 100.
20. Subbe CP, Kruger M, Rutherford P, Gemmell L. Patients at risk: validation of modified Early Warning Score in medical admissions, Q J Med 2001; 94: 521-6.
21. King AT, Pockney PG, Clancy MJ, Moore BA, Bailey IS. An Early Warning System reliably identifies high-risk surgical ward patients early in their clinical deterioration. Br J Anaesth 2003; 90: 557P.
22. Leary T, Ridley S. Impact of an outreach team on re-admissions to a critical care unit. Anaesthesia 2003; 58: 328-32.
23. Ball C, Kirkby M, Williams S. Effect of the critical care outreach team on patient survival to discharge from hospital and readmission to critical care: non-randomised population based study. BMJ 2003; 327: 1014-8.
24. Pittard A. Out of our reach? Assessing the impact of introducing a critical care outreach service. Anaesthesia 2003; 58: 882-5.
25. Subbe CP, Davies RG, Williams E, Rutherford P, Gemmell L. Effect of introducing the Modified Early Warning Score on clinical outcomes, cardio-pulmonary arrests and intensive care utilisation in acute medical admissions. Anaesthesia 2003; 58: 797-802.
26. Priestley G, Watson W, Rashidian A, Mozley C, Russell D, Wilson J et al. Introducing Critical Care Outreach: a ward-randomised trial of phased introduction in a general hospital. Intensive Care Med 2004; 30: 1398-404.
27. Le Gall J-R, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F. A new simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multicenter study. JAMA 1993; 270: 2957-63.
28. Bristow PJ, Hillman KM, Chey T, Daffurn K, Jacques TC, Norman SL et al. Rates of in-hospital arrests, deaths and intensive care admissions: the effect of a medical emergency team. MJA 2000; 173: 236-40.
29. Buist MD, Moore GE, Bernard SA, Waxman BP, Anderson JN, Nguyen TV. Effects of a medical emergency team on incidence of and mortality from unexpected arrests in hospital: preliminary study. BMJ 2002; 324: 387-90.
30. Bellomo R, Goldsmith D, Uchino S, Buckmaster J, Hart GK, Opdam H et al. A prospective before and after trial of a medical emergency team. MJA 2003; 179: 283-7.
31. Bellomo R, Goldsmith D, Uchino S, Buckmaster J, Hart G, Opdam H et al. Prospective controlled trial of effect of medical emergency team on postoperative morbidity and mortality rates. Crit Care Med 2004; 32: 916-21.
32. Story DA, Shelton AC, Poustie SJ, Cloin-Thome NJ, McNicol PL. The effect of critical care outreach on postoperative serious adverse events. Anaesthesia 2004; 59: 762-6.
33. Buist M, Moore G, Bernard S, Waxman B, Nguyen T, Anderson J. Medical emergency teams and cardiac arrests in hospital. BMJ 2002; 324: 1215.
34. DeVita MA, Braithwaite RS, Mahidhara R, Stuart S, Foraida M, Simmons RL, Medical Emergency Response Improvement Team. Use of medical emergency team responses to reduce hospital cardiopulmonary arrests. Qual Safety Health Care 2004; 13: 251-4.
35. Smith G. ALERT - Acute Life threatening Events Recognition and Treatment, 2nd edn. Portsmouth: University of Portsmouth, 2003.
36. Anderson ID. (ed) Care of Critically Ill Surgical Patient. London: The Royal College of Surgeons England, 2003.
37. Subbe CP, Hibbs R, Williams E, Rutherford P, Gemmel L. ASSIST: a screening tool for critically ill patients on general medical wards. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28: S21.