Addition of macrolide in treating adult hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia

Respirology

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 371-377

  Loh, Li Cher ^a   Quah, Soong Yuen ^a   Khoo, Sert Kim ^a   Vijayasingham, Pillai ^b   Thayaparan, Tarmizi ^b  

^a INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Malaysia)

^b Seremban Hospital   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

Community acquired pneumonia; Macrolide; Malaysia; Mortality

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN PLUS CLAVULANIC ACID; AZITHROMYCIN; CEFEPIME; CEFOTAXIME; CEFTRIAXONE; CEFUROXIME; CIPROFLOXACIN; CLARITHROMYCIN; ERYTHROMYCIN; MACROLIDE; SULTAMICILLIN;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; OBSERVATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; AGED; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; INPATIENTS; LENGTH OF STAY; MACROLIDES; MALAYSIA; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OBSERVATION; PNEUMONIA, BACTERIAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SURVIVAL RATE; TREATMENT OUTCOME; URBAN POPULATION;

EID: 22644444626     PISSN: 13237799     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2005.00704.x     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee. BTS Guidelines for the Management of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Adults. Thorax 2001; 56 (Suppl. 4): IV1-64.
2. Mandell LA, Marrie TJ, Grossman RF, Chow AW, Hyland RH. Summary of Canadian guidelines for the initial management of community-acquired pneumonia: an evidence-based update by the Canadian Infectious Disease Society and the Canadian Thoracic Society. Can. Respir. J. 2000; 7: 371-82.
3. Green DS, San Pedro GS. Empiric therapy of community-acquired pneumonia. Semin. Respir. Infect. 2000; 15: 227-33.
4. Gleason PP, Kapoor WN, Stone RA et al. Medical outcomes and antimicrobial costs with the use of the American Thoracic Society guidelines for outpatients with community-acquired pneumonia. JAMA 1997; 278: 32-9.
5. Martinez JA, Horcajada JP, Almela M et al. Addition of a macrolide to a beta-lactam-based empirical antibiotic regimen is associated with lower in-hospital mortality for patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2003; 36: 389-95.
6. Burgess DS, Lewis JS II. Effect of macrolides as part of initial empiric therapy on medical outcomes for hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Clin. Ther. 2000; 22: 872-8.
7. Hsueh PR. Guidelines for the management of lower respiratory tract infections in Asia. Infectious Dis Clin. Prac. 2002; 11: S12-S19.
8. Ishida T, Hashimoto T, Arita M, Ito I, Osawa M. Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients: a 3-year prospective study in Japan. Chest 1998; 114: 1588-93.
9. The Infectious Diseases Society of the Republic of China. Guidelines on antimicrobial therapy of pneumonia in Taiwan. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. 1999; 32: 292-4 (in Japanese).
10. Brancati FL, Chow JW, Wagener MM, Vacarello SJ, Yu VL. Is pneumonia really the old man's friend? Two-year prognosis after community-acquired pneumonia. Lancet 1993; 342: 30-3.
11. Neill AM, Martin IR, Weir R et al. Community acquired pneumonia: aetiology and usefulness of severity criteria on admission. Thorax 1996; 51: 1010-16.
12. Sopena N, Sabria M, Pedro-Botet ML et al. Prospective study of community-acquired pneumonia of bacterial etiology in adults. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 1999; 18: 852-8.
13. Acute respiratory infections and influenza vaccine for 1999/2000. Commun. Dis. Report CDR Wkly 1999; 9: 87, 90.
14. Hooi LN, Looi I, Ng AJ. A study on community acquired pneumonia in adults requiring hospital admission in Penang. Med. J. Malaysia 2001; 56: 275-84.
15. Liam CK, Lim KH, Wong CM. Community-acquired pneumonia in patients requiring hospitalization. Respirology 2001; 6: 259-64.
16. Mandell LA. Advances in antimicrobial therapy of community-acquired pneumonia. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 1999; 12: 137-43.
17. Amsden GW, Duran JM. Interpretation of antibacterial susceptibility reports: in vitro versus clinical breakpoints. Drugs 2001; 61: 163-6.
18. Amsden GW. Pneumococcal macrolide resistance-myth or reality? J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1999; 44: 1-6.
19. Jones ME, Blosser-Middleton RS, Thornsberry C, Karlowsky JA, Sahm DF. The activity of levofloxacin and other antimicrobials against clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae collected worldwide during 1999-2002. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2003; 47: 579-86.
20. Biedenbach DJ, Jones RN. The comparative antimicrobial activity of levofloxacin tested against 350 clinical isolates of streptococci. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 1996; 25: 47-51.
21. Edelstein PH, Edelstein MA, Lehr KH, Ren J. In-vitro activity of levofloxacin against clinical isolates of Legionella spp, its pharmacokinetics in guinea pigs, and use in experimental Legionella pneumophila pneumonia. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1996; 37: 117-26.
22. Kaku M, Ishida K, Irifune K et al. In vitro and in vivo activities of sparfloxacin against Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1994; 38: 738-41.
23. Niederman MS, Mandell LA, Anzueto A et al. Guidelines for the management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. Diagnosis, assessment of severity, antimicrobial therapy, and prevention. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2001; 163: 1730-54.