Power and play through poisies: Reconstructing self and other in the 9/11 commission report

Millennium: Journal of International Studies

Volumn 33, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 827-853

  Agathangelou, Anna M ^a,b   Ling, L H M ^c  

^a YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b Global Change Institute   (Cyprus)

^c NEW SCHOOL FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 22544471534     PISSN: 03058298     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/03058298050330030701     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, authorised edition (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2004).
2. Dialectos means 'dialect' in Greek. In Greek theater, characters often speak in local dialects to indicate who they are, where they come from, and what they represent. In this paper, we use dialectos to designate an alternative narrative (Lina's) that reframes the conventional one (e.g., the Report's).
3. 9/11 Commission Report, 375.
4. I b i d.
5. Joseph Femia, Gramsci's Political Thought: Hegemony, Consciousness, and the Revolutionary Process (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987).
6. 9/11 Commission Report, chapter two, 47-70.
7. For example, the Report states that the US helped Afghan resistance fighters defeat an ineffective, unstable communist government (albeit popularly elected) only to be rewarded with obscene ingratitude, as evidenced on 9/11. 9/11 Commission Report, 86.
8. Noam Chomsky, Hegemony or Survival: America's Quest for Global Dominance (New York: Henry Holt & Co., 2003);
9. Rahul Mahajan, The New Crusade: America's War on Terrorism (New York: Monthly Review Press, 2002);
10. and Samir Amin, The Liberal Virus: Permanent War and the Americanisation of the World (New York: Monthly Review Press, 2004).
11. See also the Union for Radical Political Economics' excellent web page on the political economy of war, oil and the military [http:// www.urpe.org/res_war_etc.htm] (14 February 2004).
12. 9/11 Commission Report, chapter twelve, 361-383.
13. Ibid., 362.
14. I b i d.
15. Chalmers Johnson, The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2004).
16. See, for example, the Institute for Women's Policy Research's web page [http://iwpr.org], and especially the reports on the status of women in the US [http://www.iwpr.org/States2004/SWS2004/index.htm] (14 February 2005).
17. Anna M. Agathangelou, The Global Political Economy of Sex: Desire, Violence, and Insecurity in Mediterranean Nation-States (London: Palgrave Mamillan, 2004).
18. See the report from the Center for Constitutional Rights [http:// www.ccrny. org/v2/home.asp?ObjID=ci38xk7lhk&Content=59].
19. Linda McDowell, 'The Trouble with Men? Young People, Gender Transformations and the Crisis of Masculinity', International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 24, no. 1 (2000): 201-209;
20. and Jean and John Comaroff, 'Millennial Capitalism: First Thoughts on a Second Coming', Public Culture 12, no. 2 (2000): 291-343.
21. See, also the UN's statistics on youth [http://esa.un.org/socdev/unyin/ country3c.asp?countrycode=us] (14 February 2005).
22. Mark Tran, 'Bush Budget Seeks Social Spending Cuts', The Guardian, 7 February 2005 [http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/story/ 0,3604,1407796,00.html] (14 February 2005).
23. Betool Khedairi, 'Meeting Mr. Bechtel', The Guardian, 2 September 2003 [http://www.betoolkhedairi.com/OtherWritings/ Guardian_Unlimited_The_Guardian%20_Betool_Khedairi_Meeting.htm] (15 February 2005);
24. and Peter Slevin and Mike Allen, 'Companies Bid for US Contract to Reconstruct Iraq after the War', Washington Post, 11 March 2003,
25. reprinted in The Tech 123, no. 11 (2003) [http://www-tech.mit.edu/ V123/N11/iraq_rebuild_11.11w.html] (15 February 2005).
26. H. Wang, 'The Fate of "Mr. Science" in China: The Concept of Science and its Application in Modern Chinese Thought', in Formations of Colonial Modernity in East Asia, ed. Tani E. Barlow (Durham: Duke University Press, 1997), 21-81.
27. The US government now prohibits Iraqi farmers, for example, from saving their own seeds, a century-old practice. Instead, they must buy the seeds from US corporations. See the article put out by the Centre for Research on Globalization [http://globalresearch.ca/articles/ KHA501A.html] (14 February 2005).
28. Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilisations and Remaking of World Order (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996).
29. Gavan Duffy, Brian Frederking, and Seth Tucker, 'Language Games: Dialogical Analysis of INF Negotiations', International Studies Quarterly 42, no. 2 (1998): 271-294.
30. Nicholas J. Onuf, World of Our Making (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1989).
31. Alexander Wendt, 'Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics', International Organisation 46, no. 2 (1992): 391-425.
32. Michel Foucault, Power: Essential Works of Foucault 1954-1984, vol. 3, series ed. Paul Rabinow (New York: The New Press, 1994).
33. Ann Laura Stoler, Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power: Race and the Intimate in Colonial Rule (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002);
34. and L.H.M. Ling, Postcolonial International Relations: Conquest and Desire between Asia and the West (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002).
35. For more details, see Anna M. Agathangelou and L.H.M. Ling, 'The House of IR: From Family Power Politics to the Poisies of Worldism', International Studies Review 6, no. 4 (2004): 21-49.
36. Walter D. Mignolo, Local Histories/Global Designs: Coloniality, Subaltern Knowledges, and Border Thinking (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000).
37. Ibid., 201.
38. Stoler, Carnal Knowledge.
39. Anne McClintock, Imperial Leather: Race, Gender and Sexuality in the Colonial Context (New York: Routledge, 1995).
40. Anna M. Agathangelou and L.H.M. Ling, 'Power, Borders, Security, Wealth: Lessons of Violence and Desire from September 11', International Studies Quarterly 48, no. 3 (2004): 517-538.
41. Ling, Postcolonial International Relations.
42. Agathangelou, Global Political Economy.
43. Anna M. Agathangelou and L.H.M. Ling, 'Postcolonial Dissidence within Dissident IR: Transforming Master Narratives of Sovereignty in Greco-Turkish Cyprus', Studies in Political Economy 54, no. 1 (1997): 7-38.
44. Traveling theory, in contrast, presupposes that identities stay 'bordered' even when interacting within the same individual. See Cherrie Moraga and Gloria Anzaldua, eds., This Bridge Called My Back (New York: Kitchen Table, Women of Color Press, 1983).
45. Sherene Razack, Dark Threats and White Knights: The Somalia Affair, Peacekeeping, and the New Imperialism (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004).
46. Anna, M. See Agathangelou and Kyle D. Killian' The Poetics of "Peace" Pedagogies: Empire and the Social Justice Movement in Zvi Bekerman and Claire McGlynn Sustained Peace Education for Social Cohesion in International Conflict and Post-Conflict Societies (forthcoming).
47. Colette Gaudin, On Poetic Imagination and Reverie: Selections from Gaston Bachelard, (Dallas: Spring Publications, Inc., 1987), p. xxi.
48. I b i d.
49. Ibid., xxii.
50. Ibid., xxxv.
51. Ibid., xxviii.
52. Ibid., 16.
53. Angus Cameron and Ronen Palan, The Imagined Economies of Globalisation (London: Sage, 2004).
54. Roland Bleiker, 'Editor's Introduction', Alternatives 25, no. 3 (2000): 271-272.
55. Ibid., 281.
56. Robert Cox, 'Social Forces, States, and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory', in Neorealism and Its Critics, ed. Robert O. Keohane (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986), 204-254.
57. Originally printed in Millennium: Journal of International Studies 10, no.2 (1981): 126-155.
58. Roland Bleiker, 'The Aesthetic Turn in International Political Theory', Millennium: Journal of International Studies 30, no. 3 (2001): 509-533.
59. See, for example, Purna Nepali, ed., Gandharwa: Sangeet Ra Sanskriti [Marginalised: Songs and Culture] (Kathmandu: UNESCO, 2003). We thank Ashok Gurung for bringing this collection to our attention.
60. For a different perspective, see Christine Sylvester, 'Art, Abstraction, and International Relations', Millennium: Journal of International Studies 30, no. 3 (2001): 535-554.
61. L.H.M. Ling, 'Global Passions within Global Interests: Race, Gender, and Culture in Our Postcolonial Order', in Global Political Economy: Contemporary Theories, ed. Ronen Palan (London: Routledge, 2000), 242-255.
62. McClintock, Imperial Leather.
63. Dimoulas neither intended nor inspired our political and methodological interpretations. Rather, we draw on her poetry for illustrative purposes. See also Agathangelou and Killian.
64. Ioannis Tsiolis, 'Poiisi ke Politiki: To Elliniko Politismiko Dilimma Simera', in Diaschizontas to soma: o politismos istoria ke phylo sten Ellada, ed. C. Nadia Seremetakis (Athens: Nea Synora Ekdotikos Organismos Livane, 1997).
65. Vrasidas Karalis, Kiki Dimoulas, 1931 -[http:// greece.poetryinternational.org/cwolk/view/17918] (15 February 2005).
66. I b i d.
67. I b i d.
68. Anna M. Agathangelou, 'The Social Ontology of Globalization and Desire: Transborder Feminisms and Solidarities', paper presented at the International Studies Association meeting, Montreal, Canada, 17-20 March 2004. March 17-20, 2004.
69. Phillip Darby, 'Pursuing the Political: A Postcolonial Rethinking of Relations International', Millennium: Journal of International Studies 33, no. 1 (2004): 1-32.
70. Phillip Darby, 'Reconfiguring "the International": Knowledge Machines, Boundaries, and Exclusions', Alternatives 28, no. 1 (2003): 146.
71. See, for example, Thongchai Winichakul, Siam Mapped: A History of the Geobody of a Nation (Honolulu: Hawaii University Press, 1994).
72. For a detailed explication of these principles, see Agathangelou and Ling, 'The House of IR'.
73. I b i d.;
74. and Johnson, The Sorrows of Empire.
75. For example, Enron's former chief executive officer, Jeff Skilling, and chairman, Ken Lay, have been indicted of fraud, insider trading, and lying about corporate finances as but as of thiw writing are still awaiting trial four years after the corporation's collapse [http:// news.ft.com/cms/s/9c8f0ef4-7454-11d9a769-00000e2511c8.html].
76. Here, we refer to all victims and perpetrators, not just Americans or Arab Muslims.
77. See Agathangelou and Killian.
78. Michael Hunt, Ideology and US Foreign Policy (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987).
79. Anna M. Agathangelou, 'Sexing "Democracy" in International Relations: Migrant Sex and Domestic Workers in Cyprus, Greece, and Turkey', in Power, Postcolonialism and International Relations: Reading Race, Gender and Class, eds. Geeta Chowdhry and Sheila Nair (New York: Routledge, 2002), 142-169.
80. Such constructions of 'self/enemy' terrorise the political itself. See Andreas Behnke, 'Terrorising the Political: 9/11 Within the Context of the Globalisation of Violence', Millennium: Journal of International Studies 33, no. 2 (2004): 279-312.
81. L.H.M. Ling, 'The Fish and the Turtle: Multiple Worlds as Method', in Critical Perspectives in International Studies, eds. Michael Brecher and Frank P. Harvey (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2000), 141-147.