Effect of privatization of the General Medical Store on the prices of anti-infectives in Malaysia

Journal of Pharmaceutical Finance, Economics and Policy

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 3-26

  Babar, Zaheer Ud Din ^a   Ibrahim, Mohamed Izham Mohamed ^b   Bukhari, Nadeem Irfan ^c  

^a UCSI UNIVERSITY   (Malaysia)

^b SCHOOL OF PHYSICS   (Malaysia)

^c INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

Anti infective; Drug prices; International reference prices; Privatization

Indexed keywords

AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AMPICILLIN; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; ANTIPROTOZOAL AGENT; ANTIVIRUS AGENT; BENZATHINE PENICILLIN; BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; CEFALEXIN; CEFOPERAZONE; CEFOTAXIME; CEFTAZIDIME; CEFTRIAXONE; CEFUROXIME; CILASTATIN; CLOXACILLIN; FLUCONAZOLE; GENTAMICIN; IMIPENEM; LEPROSTATIC AGENT; NYSTATIN; PENICILLIN G; PENICILLIN V; PIPERACILLIN; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITOR; QUINOLONE DERIVATIVE; STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE; SULFONAMIDE; TUBERCULOSTATIC AGENT; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ARTICLE; BUDGET; DRUG COST; GOVERNMENT; MALAYSIA; ORGANIZATION; PHARMACY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STANDARD;

EID: 22444450452     PISSN: 15385698     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1300/J371v13n03_02     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Balasubramanium K. Background Document. Proceeding of the Asia Pacific Seminar on Implementing National Drug Policies; Sydney, Australia, October 3-7; pp. 17-18, 1995.
2. Balasubramaniam K. Healthcare: Who Cares? Towards Affordable Quality Healthcare for All in Malaysia. Privatization, Quality & Rights. Proceedings of the Asia Pacific Consultation on Quality of Health Care Services; Maduri, India, Dec. 11-14; pp. 52-93, 1996a.
3. Balasubramaniam K. Structural Adjustment Programs and Privatization of Health Care Services: Prospects and Problems for Health for All-Now. Privatization, Quality & Rights. Proceedings of the Asia Pacific Consultation on Quality of Health Care Services; Maduri, India, Dec. 11-14; pp. 4-33, 1996b.
4. Babar ZU and Izham M Ibrahim M. Affordability of medicines in Malaysia-Consumer perceptions. Essential Drug Monitor, Number 33, WHO, 2003.
5. Creese A. Pricing Study in Malaysia, Sep. 30, 2003 (e-mail, personal communication)
6. Danzon PM. Making sense of drug prices, Regulation, 23(1): 56-63, 2000.
7. Economic Planning Unit (EPU). Privatization Master Plan, Kuala-Lumpur, Malaysia EPU, Prime Ministers' Office, 1991.
8. Essential drug list, WHO Model List, Department of Essential Drug and Medicine Policy, WHO. 13th edition, April, 2003.
9. Government of Malaysia. The 6th Malaysia Plan, Kuala-Lumpur, 1991.
10. Government of Malaysia. The 7th Malaysia Plan, 1996-2000. Kuala-Lumpur. Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad Headquarters, 1996.
11. Government of Malaysia, The 8th Malaysia Plan 2001-2005. Economic Planning Unit, Kuala-Lumpur, 2001.
12. Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, International Edition (10th edition). McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001.
13. Grebmer KV. Pricing Medicines; Health Economics, Prospects for the Future. George Teeling Smith, London, 1987.
14. Helier PS. A model of the demand for medicinal & health services in peninsular Malaysia. Sciences and Medicine, 16: 267-284, 1982.
15. Izham M, Ibrahim M, Embee ZC, Razak AD. Drug Distribution System in Malaysia: The Privatization of the General Medical Store. National Conference on Privatization & Health Care Financing in Malaysia, Penang; April 5-6, 1997.
16. Mohamad Izham MI, and Bahri S. Drug policies and pricing mechanism: The Malaysian perspective. Journal of Pharmaceutical Finance, Economics & Policy, 12(1), 2003.
17. INPHARMA. Pharmaceutical pricing practices-Government influence. Weekly, Adis International Ltd., 16 Nov. 1991.
18. McFayden, Julie E. (Eds.). International Drug Price Indicator Guide 2002. Management Sciences for Health, Boston, 2003.
19. Khoon CC. Health and development towards the millennium, Re-inventing government, or the demise of community? USM-MMA/CAP, National Conference on Privatization and Health Care Financing: Emerging Issues and Concerns; Penang. April 5-6, 1997.
20. Kolassa M. Reductions in Pharmaceutical Price Growth. An Assessment of the List Price Changes in the U.S. Pharmaceutical Market 1989-1992. Summary of findings from a study conducted by: Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Feb., 1993.
21. Mahmood M and Bukhari NI. Pharmaceutical Management and Marketing, Tariq Academy, Faisalabad, Pakistan, 2002, pp. 144-115.
22. Mahathir M. Budget Speech 1999.
23. Medicine Prices; A New Approach to Measurement, 2003 edition, WHO/EDM/PAR/ 2003.2.
24. Meng CJ. 6th Annual Health Dialogue 2001 for the Health Industry: Issues Highlighted by the Minister of Health, Zberita Ubat-uabatan, August 2001. www. bpfk.gov.my/berita%20-%20berita/August%202001%206th.htm
25. Ministry of Health, Government of Malaysia. Annual Report, 2000.
26. National Medicine Policy Draft 6. Presented at Conference by Pharmaceutical Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia & World Health Organization (WHO); 17-19 May 2003.
27. Naidu GR. Demand/Supply Study for Pharmaceuticals in Malaysia, MARCH, 2003.
28. Patel MS. Drugs costs in developing countries and policies to reduce them. World Development, 11(3), 195-204, 1983.
29. PhAMA, (Pharmaceutical Association of Malaysia) booklet. First edition 2002.
30. Quick JD, Rankin JR, Laing RO, O'Connor RW, Hogerzeil HV, Dukes MN, Garnett A. (Eds). Managing Drug Supply, 2nd ed. West Hartford CT: Kumarian Press; 1997.
31. Razak AD. Going generic and bringing health to all. New Strait Times, 12, June 25, 1998.
32. Sangaralingam M and Raman M. The high cost of private monopolies, 2003 original report, Malaysai.www.sowatch.org.uy/en/informmesNacionales/351.html
33. Teh TJ. Health Care Sector: Opportunities in Malaysia. The Embassy of Sweden in Kuala-Lumpur, May 2003.
34. The Malaysian Trade Classification and Customs Duties Order, 1999.
35. World Health Organization. How to Develop and Implement a National Drug Policy (2nd edn.), WHO Geneva. 2001.
36. WHO-WPRO (Western Pacific Regional Office). Malaysia-Country Health Information File, Manila. Revised/November 2002 a.
37. WHO-WPRO (Western Pacific Regional Office). Malaysia-Western Pacific Region Health Data Bank, Manila. Revised/November 2002 b.
38. WHO-WTO Secretariats, Report of the Workshop on Differential Pricing and Financing of Essential Drugs. Norwegian Foreign Affairs Ministry, Global Health Council, Norway, April 8-11; 2001.