Extracting the frequencies of the pinna spectral notches in measured head related impulse responses

Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

Volumn 118, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 364-374

  Raykar, Vikas C ^a   Duraiswami, Ramani ^a   Yegnanarayana, B ^b  

^a Institute of Advanced Computer Science   (United States)

^b INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MADRAS   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTIC WAVE DIFFRACTION; ACOUSTIC WAVE REFLECTION; ACOUSTIC WAVE SCATTERING; ANTHROPOMETRY; DATABASE SYSTEMS; IMPULSE RESPONSE; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; RESONANCE; SENSORY PERCEPTION;

ELAVATION PERCEPTION; EXTRACTED NOTCH FREQUENCIES; HEAD DIFFRACTION; HEAD RELATED IMPULSE RESPONSE (HRIR); PINNA SPECTRAL NOTCHES;

FREQUENCY MODULATION;

ANTHROPOMETRY; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; DATA BASE; DIFFRACTION; EXTERNAL EAR; FREQUENCY MODULATION; HEAD RELATED IMPULSE RESPONSE; HUMAN; KNEE; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SHOULDER; STIMULUS RESPONSE; TRUNK;

ACOUSTICS; ALGORITHMS; CUES; EAR, EXTERNAL; HEAD; HEARING; HUMANS; MODELS, THEORETICAL; SOUND;

EID: 22144488094     PISSN: 00014966     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1121/1.1923368     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Algazi, V. R., Avendano, C., and Duda, R. O. (2001a). "Elevation localization and head-related transfer function analysis at low frequencies," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109, 1110-1122.
2. Algazi, V. R., Duda, R. O., Duraiswami, R., Gumerov, N. A., and Tang, Z. (2002). "Approximating the head-related transfer function using simple geometric models of the head and torso," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 2053-2064.
3. Algazi, V. R., Duda, R. O., Morrison, R. P., and Thompson, D. M. (2001b). "Structural Composition and Decomposition of HRTF's," in Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics (Mohonk Mountain House, New Paltz, NY), pp. 103-106.
4. Algazi, V. R., Duda, R. O., Thompson, D. M., and Avendano, C. (2001c). "The CIPIC HRTF Database," in Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics (Mohonk Mountain House, New Paltz, NY), pp. 99-102.
5. Asano, F., Suzuki, Y., and Sone, T. (1990). "Role of spectrum cues in median plane localization," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 88, 159-168.
6. Batteau, D. W. (1967). "The role of the pinna in human localization," Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 168, 158-180.
7. Blauert, J. (1996). Spatial Hearing: The Psychophysics of Human Sound Localization (MIT, Cambridge, MA).
8. Blommer, M. A. and Wakefield, G. H. (1997). "Pole-zero approximations for head-related transfer functions using a logarithmic error criterion," IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process. 5, 278-287.
9. Brown, C. P. and Duda, R. O. (1998). "A structural model for binaural sound synthesis," IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process. 6, 476-488.
10. Duda, R. O. and Martens, W. L. (1998). "Range dependence of the response of a spherical head model," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 104, 3048-3058.
11. Durant, E. A. and Wakefield, G. H. (2002). "Efficient model fitting using a genetic algorithm: Pole-zero approximations of HRTFs," IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process. 10, 18-27.
12. Gardner, M. B. and Gardner, R. S. (1974). "Problem of localization in the median plane: Effect of pinna cavity occlusion," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 53, 400-408.
13. Haneda, Y., Makino, S., Kaneda, Y., and Kitawaki, N. (1999). "Common-acoustical-pole and zero modeling of head-related transfer functions," IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process. 7, 188-196.
14. Hebrank, J. and Wright, D. (1974a). "Are two ears necessary for localization of sound sources on the median plane?," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 56, 935-938.
15. Hebrank, J. and Wright, D. (1974b). "Spectral cues used in the location of sound sources on the median plane," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 56, 1829-1834.
16. Hofman, P., Van Riswick, J., and Van Opstal, A. (1998). "Relearning sound localization with new ears," Nat. Neurosci. 1, 417-421.
17. Kahana, Y, Nelson, P. A., Petyt, M., and Choi, S. (1999). "Numerical modelling of the transfer functions of a dummy-head and of the external ear," in Proceedings of the AES 16th International Conference on Spatial Sound Reproduction, Rovaneimi, pp. 330-345.
18. Kuhn, G. F. (1977). "Model for interaural time differences in the azimuthal plane," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62, 157-167.
19. Kulkarni, A. and Colburn, H. S. (2004). "Infinite-impulse-response models of the head-related transfer function," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 115, 1714-1728.
20. Langendijk, E. H. A. and Bronkhorst, A. W. (2002). "Contribution of spectral cues to human sound localization," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 1583-1596.
21. Lopez-Poveda, E. A. and Meddis, R. (1996). "A physical model of sound diffraction and reflections in the human concha," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 100, 3248-3259.
22. Makhoul, J. (1975). "Linear prediction: A tutorial review," Proc. IEEE 63, 561-580.
23. Middlebrooks, J. C. (1999). "Virtual localization improved by scaling non-individualized external-ear functions in frequency," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106, 1493-1509.
24. Middlebrooks, J. C. and Green, D. M. (1991). "Sound localization by human listeners," Annu. Rev. Psychol. 42, 135-159.
25. Moore, B. C. J., Oldfield, S. R., and Dooley, G. (1989). "Detection and discrimination of spectral peaks and notches at 1 and 8 kHz," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 820-836.
26. Musicant, A. and Butler, R. (1984). "The influence of pinnae-based spectral cues on sound localization," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 75, 1195-1200.
27. Oppenheim, A, and Schafer, R. W. (1989). Discrete-Time Signal Processing (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ).
28. Poon, P. and Brugge, J. F. (1993a). "Sensitivity of auditory nerve fibers to spectral notches," J. Neurophysiol. 70, 655-666.
29. Poon, P. and Brugge, J. F. (1993b). "Virtual-space receptive fields of single auditory nerve fibers," J. Neurophysiol. 70, 667-676.
30. Raykar, V. C., Yegnanarayana, B., Duraiswami, R., and Davis, L. (2003). "Extracting significant features from the HRTF," in Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Auditory Display, pp. 115-118.
31. Shaw, E. A. G. (1997). "Acoustical features of the human ear," in Binaural and Spatial Hearing in Real and Virtual Environments, edited by R. H. Gilkey and A. T. B. (Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ), pp. 25-47.
32. Shinn-Cunningham, B. G., Santarelli, S. G., and Kopco, N. (2000). "Tori of confusion: Binaural cues for sources within reach of a listener," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 107, 1627-1636.
33. Steiglitz, K. and McBride, L. E. (1965). "A technique for the identification of linear systems," IEEE Trans. Autom. Control 10, 461-464.
34. Strutt, J. W. (1907). "On our perception of sound direction," Philos. Mag. 13, 214-232.
35. Tollin, D. J. and Yin, T. C. T. (2003). "Spectral cues explain illusory elevation effects with stereo sounds in cats," J. Neurophysiol. 90, 525-530.
36. Wenzel, E. M., Arruda, M., Kistler, D. J., and Wightman, F. L. (1993). "Localization using nonindividualized head-related transfer functions," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 94, 111-123.
37. Wightman, F. L. and Kistler, D. J. (1997). "Factors affecting the relative salience of sound localization cues," in Binaural and Spatial Hearing in Real and Virtual Environments, edited by R. H. Gilkey and T. B. Anderson (Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ).
38. Wright, D., Hebrank, J. H., and Wilson, B. (1974). "Pinna reflections as cues for localization," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 56, 957-962.
39. Yegnanarayana, B. (1978). "Formant extraction from linear prediction phase spectra," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 63, 1638-1640.
40. Yegnanarayana, B., Saikia, D. K., and Krishnan, T. R. (1984). "Significance of group delay functions in signal reconstruction from spectral magnitude or phase," IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Process. 32, 610-623.
41. Zotkin, D. N., Duraiswami, R., Davis, L., Mohan, A., and Raykar, V. C. (2002). "Virtual audio system customization using visual matching of ear parameters," in Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp. 1003-1006.