Messages from teens on the big screen: Smoking, drinking, and drug use in teen-centered films

Journal of Health Communication

Volumn 10, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 331-346

  Stern, Susannah R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SAN DIEGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADDICTION; ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; AUDIOVISUAL EQUIPMENT; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HUMAN; IMAGINATION; MALE; PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RESEARCH; SMOKING; SOCIOLOGY; UNITED STATES;

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR; ALCOHOL DRINKING; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; CHILD; FEMALE; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HUMANS; IMAGINATION; MALE; MOTION PICTURES; PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION; RESEARCH; SMOKING; SOCIAL SCIENCES; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 22144465195     PISSN: 10810730     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10810730590950057     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Arnett, J. (1992). Reckless behavior in adolescence: A developmental perspective. Developmental Review, 12, 339-373.
2. Arpan, L., Heald, L., & S'Visser, M. (2003, May). Gender patterns and smoking susceptibility among adolescents who view actors smoking. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Communication Association, San Diego, CA.
3. Bachman, J., Johnston, L., & O'Malley, P. (2001). Monitoring the future: Questionnaire responses from the nation's high school seniors. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.
4. Bahk, C. (2001). Perceived realism and role attractiveness in movie portrayals of alcohol drinking. American Journal of Health Behavior, 25(5), 433-447.
5. Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
6. Bandura, A. (1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American Psychologist, 44, 1175-1184.
7. Bandura, A. (1994). Social cognitive theory of mass communication. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 61-90). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
8. Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory of mass communication. Media Psychology, 3, 265-299.
9. Berger, A. (1996). Manufacturing desire: Media, popular culture and everyday life, New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
10. Boxofficereports.com (2002). Annual box office reports. Retrieved August 30, 2002, from www.boxofficereport.com/ybon/2001gross.shtml
11. Breed, W. & S'De Foe, J. R. (1981). The portrayal of the drinking process on prime-time television. Journal of Communication, 31(1), 58-67.
12. Cantor, J. (1994). Fright reactions to mass media. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 213-245). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
13. Centers for Disease Control. (2002). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance - United States, 2001. Retrieved January 15, 2003, from www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/ mmwrhtml/ss5104a1.htm
14. Chambers, V., Chang, Y., & Davis, A. (1999, March 1). High school confidential: Sex, drugs, and box office dollars. Newsweek, 133(9), 62.
15. Children Now. (2002). Fall colors: 2001-02 Prime time diversity report. Oakland, CA: Children Now.
16. Dalton, M. A., Tickle, J. J., Sargent, J. D., Beach, M. L., Ahrens, M. B., & Heatherton, T. F. (2002). The incidence and context of tobacco use in popular movies from 1988 to 1997. Preventive Medicine, 34(5), 516-523.
17. Dalton, M. A., Sargent, J. D., Beach, M. L., Titus-Ernstoff, L., Gibson, J., Ahrens, M. B., Tickle, J. J., & Heatherton, T. F. (2003, June 10). Effect of viewing smoking in movies on adolescents smoking initiation: A cohort study. The Lancet. Retrieved July 1, 2003, from http://image.thelancet.com/ extras/03art1353web.pdf
18. Denizen, N. (1991). Hollywood shot by shot: Alcoholism in American cinema, New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
19. Distefan, B. A., Gilpin, E. A., Sargent, J. D., & S'Pierce, J. P. (1999). Do movie stars encourage adolescents to start smoking? Evidence from California. Preventive Medicine, 28, 1-11.
20. Dorr, A. (1981). Television and affective development and functioning: Maybe this decade. Journal of Broadcasting, 25, 335-345.
21. Everett, S., Schnuth, S., & Tribble, J. (1998). Tobacco and alcohol use in top-grossing American films. Journal of Community Health, 23(4), 317-325.
22. Frerking, B. (2000). A truer picture of teen's lives. American Journalism Review, 22(9), S1.
23. Friedman, B. (1995). Delinquency is primary media image of teens. St. Louis Journalism Review, 26(181), 12.
24. Gibbons, F. X., Helweg-Larsen, M., & Gerrard, M. (1995). Prevalence estimates and adolescent risk behavior: Cross-cultural differences in social influence. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 107-121.
25. Gibson, B. & Maurer, J. (2000). Cigarette smoking in the movies: The influence of product placement on attitudes toward smoking and smokers. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30(7), 1457-1473.
26. Goldman, M., Brown, S., & Christiansen, B. (1987). Expectancy theory: Thinking about drinking. In H. T. Blane & K. E. Leonard (Eds.), Psychological theories of drinking and alcoholism (pp. 181-226). New York: Guilford Press.
27. Gunther, A. (1991). What we think others think. The role of cause and consequence in the third-person effect. Communication Research, 18, 355-372.
28. Harwood, J. (1997). Viewing age: Lifespan identity and television viewing choices. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 41, 203-213.
29. Harwood, J. (1999). Age identification, social identity gratifications, and television viewing. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 43, 123-136.
30. Hazan, A. R., Lipton, H. L., & Glantz, S. A. (1994). Popular films do not reflect current tobacco use. The American Journal of Public Health, 84(6), 998-1001.
31. Henriksen, L. & Flora, J. (1999). Third person perception and children: Perceived impact of pro- and anti-smoking ads. Communication Research, 26(6), 643-665.
32. Hicks, D. J. (1965). Imitation and retention of film-mediated aggressive peer and adult models. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 2, 97-100.
33. Hoffner, C. & Cantor, J. (1991). Perceiving and responding to mass media characters. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.), Responding to the screen: Reception and reaction processes (pp. 63-101). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
34. Huesmann, L. R., Lagerspetz, K., & Eron, L. D. (1984). Intervening variables in the TV-violence-aggression relation: Evidence from two countries. Developmental Psychology, 20, 746-775.
35. Ianotti, R. J. & Bush, P. J. (1992). Perceived vs. actual friends' use of alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, and cocaine: Which has the most influence? Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 21, 375-389.
36. Institute for Adolescent Risk Communication. (2002). Annenberg National Risk Survey of Youth. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved July 1, 2003, from http://www.appcpenn.org/press/risk.pdf
37. Jessor, R. (1987). Problem behavior theory, psychosocial development, and adolescent problem drinking. British Journal of Addiction, 82, 331-342.
38. Johnson, B. (2001, April 16). The stoned screen: From Easy Rider to Blow, the drug movie has an addiction all its own. Macleans, 58.
39. Klein, J. D., Brown, J. D., Childers, K. W., Oliveri, J., Porter, C., & Dykers, C. (1993). Adolescents' risky behavior and mass media use. Pediatrics, 92, 24-31.
40. Kotch, J. B., Coulter, M. L., & Lipsitz, A. (1986). Does televised drinking influence children's attitudes toward alcohol? Addictive Behaviors, 11(1), 67-70.
41. Mastro, D. & Greenberg, B. (2000). The portrayal of racial minorities on prime time television. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 44, 690-703.
42. Mathios, A., Avery, R., Bisogni, C., & Shanahan, J. (1998). Alcohol portrayal on prime-time TV: Manifest and latent messages. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 59, 305-310.
43. McCool, J. P., Cameron, L. D., & Petrie, K. J. (2003). Interpretations of smoking in film by older teenagers. Social Science & Medicine, 56, 1023-1032.
44. McIntosh, W. D., Bazzini, D. G., Smith, S. M., & Mills, P. S. (1999). Alcohol in the movies: Characteristics of drinkers and nondrinkers in films from 1940 to 1989. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29(6), 1191-1199.
45. McIntosh, W. D., Bazzini, D. G., Smith, S. M., & Wayne, S. M. (1998). Who smokes in Hollywood? Characteristics of smokers in popular films from 1940 to 1989. Addictive Behaviors, 23(3), 395-398.
46. Milkie, M. (1999). Social comparisons, reflected appraisals, and mass media: The impact of pervasive beauty images on black and white girls' self-concepts. Social Psychology Quarterly, 62(2), 190-210.
47. Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). (2000). Movie ratings: How it works. Retrieved September 4, 2002, from http://www.mpaa.org/movieratings/ about/index.htm
48. Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). (2002). 2001 Motion Picture Attendance Study. Retrieved February 2, 2003, from www.mpaa.org/ useconomicreview/2001AttendanceStudy/index.htm
49. National Center on Addiction and Substance Use. (2003). CASA Publications. New York: Columbia University. Retrieved July 10, 2003, from http://www.casacolumbia.org/publications1456/publications.htm
50. Paik, H. & Comstock, G. (1994). The effects of television violence on antisocial behavior: A meta-analysis. Communication Research, 21, 516-546.
51. Pechmann, C. & Shih, C. (1999). Smoking scenes in movies and antismoking advertisements before movies: Effects on youth. Journal of Marketing, 63(3), 1-13.
52. Potter, W. J. & Levine-Donnerstein, D. (1999). Rethinking validity and reality in content analysis. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 27, 258-284.
53. Rideout, V. J., Foehr, U. G., Roberts, D. F., & Brodie, M. (1999). Kids & media @ the new millennium. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation.
54. Roberts, D. F., Henriksen, L., & Christenson, P. G. (1999). Substance use in popular movies and music. Washington, DC: Office of National Drug Control Policy.
55. Rychatarik, R. G., Fairbank, J. A., Allen, C. M., Fox, D. W., & Drabman, R. S. (1983). Alcohol use in television programming: Effects on children's behavior. Addictive Behaviors, 8(1), 19-22.
56. Sargent, J. D., Beach, M. L., Dalton, M. A., Mott, L. A., Tickle, J. J., Ahrens, M. B., & S'Heatherton, T. F. (2001). Effect of seeing tobacco use in films on trying smoking among adolescents: cross sectional study. British Medical Journal, 323, 1-6.
57. Sargent, J. D., Dalton, M. A., Beach, M. L., Mott, L. A., Tickle, J. J., Ahrens, M. B., & S'Heatherton, T. F. (2002). Viewing tobacco use in movies: Does it shape attitudes that mediate adolescent smoking? American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 22(3), 137-145.
58. Sharrett, C. (2001, July). Cinematic drug wars. USA Today Magazine, 130(2674), 35.
59. Shary, T. (2002). Generation multiplex: The image of youth in contemporary American cinema. Austin: University of Texas.
60. Shoemaker, P. & Reese, S. (1996). Mediating the message: Theories of influence on mass media content (pp. 253-260.) White Plains, NY: Longman.
61. Smith, S. (2003, July 7). Movies: #1? Swell. Wake me when we're rich. Newsweek, 10.
62. Steele, J. (2002). Teens and movies: Something to do, plenty to learn. In J. D. Brown, J. R. Steele, & K. Walsh-Childers (Eds.), Sexual teens, sexual media (pp. 227-251). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
63. Stockwell, T. F. & Glantz, S. A. (1997). Tobacco use is increasing in popular films. Tobacco Control, 6, 282-284.
64. Swanson, J. (2001, July-August). Hollywood high. Utne Reader, 106, 26-28.
65. Thompson, K. M. & Yokota, F. (2001). Depiction of alcohol, tobacco, and other substances in G-rated animated feature films. Pediatrics, 107(6), 1369-1374.
66. Tickle, J. L., Sargent, J. D., Dalton, M. A., Beach, M. L., & S'Heatherton, T. F. (2001). Favorite movie stars, their tobacco use in contemporary movies, and its association with adolescent smoking. Tobacco Control, 10(1), 16-22.
67. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2000). Trends in the well-being of America's children and youth. Retrieved July 17, 2003, from http://aspe.hhs.gov/hsp/00trends/index.htm
68. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2001). Women and smoking: A report of the Surgeon General - 2001. Retrieved February 8, 2003, from http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/christy/TobaccoUse.htm#Cigarette%20Smoking
69. U.S. Department of Justice. (2003). Bureau of Justice Statistics: Drug Use. Retrieved February 2, 2003, from http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/dcf/du.htm
70. Wallack, L., Grube, J. W., Madden, P. A., & Breed, W. (1990). Portrayals of alcohol on prime-time TV. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 51(5), 428-437.