The barriers to illegal anabolic steroid use

Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy

Volumn 12, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 317-325

  Maycock, Bruce ^a,b   Howat, Peter ^a  

^a Western Australian Centre for Health Promotion Research   (Australia)

^b CURTIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 21944454344     PISSN: 09687637     EISSN: 14653370     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09687630500103622     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Australian Drugs Sport Agency (1992). Annual report 1991-92. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
2. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (1999). 1998 National Drug Strategy Household Survey, first results. Canberra: Department of Health and Aging.
3. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2003). Statistics on drug use in Australia 2002. Canberra: Department of Health and Aging.
4. Bolding, G., Sherr, L., & Elford, J. (2002). Use of anabolic steroids and associated health risks among gay men attending London gyms. Addiction, 97, 195-203.
5. Brower, K. (2002). Anabolic steroid use and dependence. Current Psychiatric Report, 4, 377-383.
6. Charon, J. (1998). Symbolic interaction: An introduction an interpretation and integration. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
7. Chee, R., Kuan, M., Rynn, C., & Teoh, B.(1994). Anabolic steroid usage in gyms. Unpublished fifth-year medical student project No. 9404. Nedlands: University of Western Australia.
8. Corrigan, B. (1996). Anabolic steroids and the mind. Medical Journal of Australia, 165, 222-226.
9. Gifford, S. (1996). Qualitative research: The soft option? Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 6, 58-61.
10. Grace, F., Baker, J., & Davies, B. (2001). Anabolic androgenic steroid use in recreational gym users: A regional sample of the Mid Glamorgan area. Journal of Substance Use, 6, 189-195.
11. Handelsman, D., & Gupta, L. (1997). Prevalence and risk factors for anabolic steroid abuse in Australian high school students. International Journal of Andrology, 20, 159-164.
12. Johnston, L. D., O'Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., & Schulenberg, J. E. (2004). Monitoring the future: National survey results on drug use, 1975-2003. Volume I: Secondary school students (NIH Publication No. 04-5507). Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
13. Kanayama, G., Pope, H., Cohane, G., & Hudson, J. (2003). Risk factors for anabolic-androgenic steroid use among weightlifters: A case control study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 71, 77-86.
14. Kennedy, M., & Lawrence, C. (1993). Anabolic steroid abuse and cardiac death. Medical Journal of Australia, 158, 346-348.
15. Labre, M. (2002). Adolescent boys and the muscular male body ideal. Journal of Adolescent Health, 30, 233-242.
16. Lambert, M., Titlestad, S., & Scwellnus, M. (1998). Prevalence of androgenic-anabolic steroid use in adolescents in two regions of South Africa. South African Medical Journal, 88, 876-880.
17. Laure, P. (1998). Doping in amateur adult athletes aged 15 or over. Journal of Performance Enhancing Drugs, 2, 16-19.
18. Lenehan, P. (2003). Anabolic steroids and other performance enhancing drugs. London: Taylor & Francis.
19. Lenehan, P., Bellis, M., & McVeigh, J. (1996). Anabolic steroid use in the north west of England. Journal of Performance Enhancing Drugs, 1, 57-70.
20. Liow, R., & Travares, S. (1995). Bilateral rupture of the quadriceps tendon associated with anabolic steroids. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 9, 77-79.
21. Malone, D., Dimeff, R., Lombardo, J., & Sample, R. (1995). Psychiatric effects and psychoactive substance use in anabolic androgenic steroid users. Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine, 5, 25-31.
22. May, T. (2003). Social research: Issues, methods and process. Maidenhead: Open University Press.
23. Maycock, B., & Howat, P. (1999). Factors contributing to anabolic steroid related violence. Journal of Performance Enhancing Drugs, 3, 4-16.
24. Melia, P., Pipe, A., & Greenberg, L. (1996). The use of anabolic-androgenic steroids by Canadian students. Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine, 6, 9-14.
25. Metropolitan Borough of Sefton (1998). Young people in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, Sefton: School Health Education Unit.
26. Moss-Newport, J. (1993). Anabolic steroid use and cerebellar haemorrhage. Medical Journal of Australia, 158, 794-801.
27. Nieminen, M., Ramo, M., Viitasalo, M., Heikkila, P., Karalainen, J., Mantysaari, M., & Heikkila, J. (1996). Serious cardiovascular side effects of large doses of anabolic steroids in weightlifters. European Heart Journal, 17, 1576-1583.
28. Nilsson, S., Baigi, A., Marklund, B., & Fridlund, B.(2001). The prevalence of the use of androgenic anabolic steroids by adolescents in a county of Sweden. European Journal of Public Health, 11, 195-197.
29. Pope, H., & Katz, D. (1994). Psychiatric and medical effects of anabolic-androgenic steroid use. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 375-382.
30. Pope, H., & Katz, D. (2003). Psychiatric effects of exogenous anabolic-androgenic steroids. In O. Wolkowitz & A. Rothschild (Eds.), Psychoneuroendocrinology for the clinician. American Psychiatric Press, 331-358.
31. QSR Users Guide (1995). Revision 3 QSR P/L. Melbourne: La Trobe University.
32. Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. London: Sage.
33. West Australian Police Service (1992-1998). West Australian Police Service Annual Reports. Western Australia Government Printing Services.