Late Palaeozoic to Triassic evolution of the Turan and Scythian platforms: The pre-history of the Palaeo-Tethyan closure

Tectonophysics

Volumn 404, Issue 3-4, 2005, Pages 175-202

  Natal'in, Boris A ^a   Şengör, A M Celâl ^a  

^a ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

Caucasus; Crimea; Palaeo tethys; Permo triassic; Scythian platform; Strike slip faulting; Turan platform; Turkic type orogeny

Indexed keywords

CARBONATE PLATFORM; CRUSTAL EVOLUTION; OROGENY; PALEOZOIC; STRIKE-SLIP FAULT; TETHYS; TRIASSIC;

EQUISETALES;

EID: 21844452898     PISSN: 00401951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2005.04.011     Document Type: Article

References (115)

1. S.A. Adamiya Doalpijskoe Osnowanie Kawkaza-Sostav, Stroenie, Stanowlenie, Tektonika i Metallogeniya Kavkaza 1984 Metsniereba Tbilisi 3-104
2. Afonichev, N.A., Vlasov, N.G. (Eds.), 1984. Geologicheskaya Karta Kazakhstana i Srednei Azii Masshtaba 1:1,500,000, Prilozheniya, VSEGEI, Leningrad.
3. M. Alavi Sedimentary and structural characteristics of the Paleo-Tethys remnants in northeastern Iran Geological Society of America Bulletin 103 1991 983-992
4. M. Alavi Tectonostratigraphic synthesis and structural style of the Alborz mountain system in northern Iran Journal of Geodynamics 21 1996 1-33
5. A.C. Alexander E. Iwaniw S.C. Otto O.S. Turkov H.M. Kerr C. Darlington Tectonic model for the evolution of the greater Caspian AAPG Bulletin 83 1999 1297
6. M.B. Allen A.M.C. Şengör B.A. Natal'in Junggar, Turfan and Alakol basins as Late Permian to? Early Triassic extensional structures in a sinistral shear zone in the Altaid orogenic collage, Central Asia Journal of the Geological Society (London) 152 1995 327-338
7. A.D. Arkhangelsky Geologicheskoe Stroenie SSSR: Evropeiskaya i Sredneaziatskaya Chasti, Gosudarstvennoe Naucho-Tekhnicheskoe Geologo-Razvedochnoe Izdatelstvo, Moscow 1932
8. F. Arthaud P. Matte Late Paleozoic strike-slip faulting in southern Europe and north Africa: Result of a right-lateral shear zone between the Appalachians and the Urals Geological Society of America Bulletin 88 1977 1305-1320
9. T.L. Babadzhanov V.A. Rzaeva M.M. Rzaev E.R. Sheikh-Zade Metod glubinnykh otrazhennykh voln pri izuchenii zemnoi kory Vostochnogo Ustyurta Sovetskaya Geologiya 1 1991 56-63
10. BABEL Working Group Deep seismic surveys images crustal structure of Tornquist Zone beneath southern Baltic Sea Geophysical Research Letters 18 1991 1091-1094
11. A.A. Bakirov Fundament, Osnovnye Razlomy Turanskoy Plity v Svyazi s Eye Neftegazonosnostyu 1970 Nedra Moscow
12. K.N. Baymukhamedov Karta Magmaticheskih Kompleksov Uzbekskoy SSR 1984 Fan Tashkent
13. M.L. Bazhenov V.S. Burtman Strukturnye Dugi Alpiiskogo Poyasa Karpaty-Kavkaz-Pamir 1990 Nauka Moscow
14. M.L. Bazhenov V.S. Burtman A.V. Dvorova Permian paleomagnetism of the Tien Shan fold belt Central Asia: Post-collisional rotations and deformation Tectonophysics 312 1999 303-329
15. M.E. Beck Jr. C. Rojas J. Cembrano On the nature of buttressing in margin-parallel strike-slip fault systems Geology 21 1993 755-758
16. A.A. Belov Tektonicheskoe Razvitie Alpiyskoy Skladchatoy Oblasti v Paleozoe 1981 Nauka Moscow
17. J.F. Besse Y. Torcq L. Gallet E. Ricou L. Krystyn A. Saidi Late Permian to Late Triassic palaeomagnetic data from Iran: Constraints on the migration of the Iranian block through the Tethyan ocean and initial destruction of Pangaea Geophysical Journal International 135 1998 77-93
18. Y.S. Biske Paleozoyskaya Struktura i Istoriya Yuzhnogo Tyan-Shanya 1996 St. Peterburgskii Universitet St. Petersburg
19. M.E. Brookfield A. Hashmat The geology and petroleum potential of the north Afghan platform and adjacent areas (northern Afghanistan, with parts of southern Turkmenistan Uzbekistan and Tajikistan) Earth-Science Reviews 55 2001 1-71
20. V.S. Burtman Structural evolution of the Tien Shan Variscides In: A.B. Bakirov V.S. Burtman (Eds.) Tectonics of the Tien Shan Variscides. 27th Int. Geol. Congr., Moscow, Guidebook for Excursion 032 in the Kyrgyz Republic, Frunze 1984 pp. 36-43
21. V.S. Burtman Kyrgyz Republic In: E.M. Moores R.H. Fairbridge (Eds.) Encyclopaedia of European and Asian Regional Geology 1997 Chapman and Hall London 483-492
22. V.A. Bush R.G. Garetsky L.G. Kiryukhin Tektonika Epigeosinklinalnogo Paleozoya Turanskoj Plity i ee Obramleniya Trudy GIN, 264 1975 Nauka Moscow
23. P. Choukroune ECORS Team The ECORS Pyrenean deep seismic profile reflection data and the overall structure of an orogenic belt Tectonics 8 1989 23-39
24. P. Choukroune F. Roure B. Pinet ECORS Pyrenees Team Main results of the ECORS Pyrenees profile Tectonophysics 173 1990 411-423
25. N.I. Christensen W.D. Mooney Seismic velocity structure and composition of the continental crust: A global view Journal of Geophysical Research 100 1995 9761-9788
26. B.I. Chuvashov S. Crasquin-Soleau Palaeogeography and palaeotectonic of the jointing zone between the Eastern European Basin and the Tethys Basin during Late Carboniferous (Moscovian) and Early Permian (Asselian and Artinskian) In: S. Crasquin-Soleau E. Barrier (Eds) Peri-Tethys Memoir 5: New Data on Peri-Tethyan Sedimentary Basins vol. 182 2000 Memoires du Museum national d'Historire naturelle Paris pp. 203-218
27. K.C. Condie Plate Tectonics & Crustal Evolution 1989 Pergamon Press Oxford
28. W.R. Dickinson D.R. Seely Structure and stratigraphy of forearc regions AAPG Bulletin 63 1979 2-31
29. V.I. Dronov Osnovnye struktury Tadzhikskoj depressii i Gindukusha In: I.E. Gubin S.A. Zakharov (Eds.) Tektonika Tyan-Shanya i Pamira 1983 Nauka Moscow 123-132
30. O.Z. Dudauri Osnovnye zakonomernosti razvitiya sredneyurskogo intruzivnogo magmatizma Gruzii (Main characteristics of the medial Jurassic intrusive magmatism of Gorgia) In: M. Topchishvili (Ed.) Proceeding Dedicated to 90th Birthday Anniversary of G. Dzotsenidze 2002 A. Janelidze Geological Institute Tbilisi pp. 146-156
31. A.V. Ershov M.-F. Brunet A.M. Nikishin S.N. Bolotov B.P. Nazarevich M.V. Korotaev Northern Caucasus basin: Thermal history and synthesis of subsidence models Sedimentary Geology 156 2003 95-118
32. H. Feinberg E.L. Gurevitch M.J. Westphal P. Pozzi A.N. Khramov Palaeomagnetism of a Permian/Triassic sequence in Mangislak (Kazakhstan, CIS), Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Serie II. Sciences de la Terre et des Planetes 322 1996 617-623
33. P.V. Florensky I.M. Karachentseva N.I. Konokhova A.V. Orel L.S. Salina Triasovye otlozheniya Yuzhnogo Mangyshlaka- novyi etazh neftegazonosnosti Geologiya Nefti i Gaza 8 1975 35-41
34. M. Gaetani M. Balini V.J. Vuks V.A. Gavrilova E. Garzanti A. Nicora E. Erba E. Cariou F. Cecca S.I. Premoli M.R. Petrizzo S. Cirilli B.P. Raffaella The Mesozoic of the Mangyshlak (west Kazakhstan) In: S.S. Crasquin E. Barrier (Eds.) Peri-Tethys Memoir 4: Epicratonic Basins of Peri-Tethyan Platforms vol. 179 1998 Memoires du Museum national d'Historire naturelle Paris pp. 35-74
35. R.G. Garetsky Tektonika Molodykh Platform Evrazii. Trudy GIN 226 1972 Nauka Moscow
36. E. Garzanti M. Gaetani Unroofing history of Late Paleozoic magmatic arcs within the "Turan Plate" (Tuarkyr Turkmenistan) Sedimentary Geology 151 2002 67-87
37. Golonka, J., 2000. Cambrian-Neogene Plate Tectonic Maps. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu, Jagiellonskiego.
38. J. Golonka Plate tectonic evolution of the southern margin of Eurasia in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Tectonophysics 381 2004 235-273
39. J.C. Hess J. Aretz A.G. Gurbanov R. A1. Emmermann H.J. Lippolt Subduction-related Jurassic andesites in the northern Great Caucasus International Journal of Earth Sciences 84 1995 319-333
40. J.-C. Hippolyte Geodynamics of Dobrogea (Romania): New constraints on the evolution of the Tornquist-Teisseyre Line, the Black Sea and the Carpathians Tectonophysics 357 2002 33-53
41. V.G. Kazmin I.M. Sbortshikov L.E. Ricou L.P. Zonenshain J. Boulin A.L. Knipper Volcanic belts as markers of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic active margin of Eurasia Tectonophysics 123 1986 123-152
42. V.E. Khain Regionalnaya Geotektonika; Vnealpiiskaya Evropa i Zapadnaya Aziya 1977 Nedra Moscow
43. V.E. Khain The North Caucasus-Turkmenia-North Afghanistan volcanoplutonic belt of Late Triassic age and the opening of the northern zone of the Tethys Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 249 1979 87-88
44. V. Khain Tektonika Kontinentov i Okeanov (God 2000) 2001 Scientific World Moscow
45. V.S. Knyazev T.A. Lapinskaya Doplatformennye Kompleksy Neftegazonosnyh Territoriy SSSR 1992 Nedra Moscow
46. N.V. Koronovsky Kratkii Kurs Regionalnoi Geologii SSSR 1984 Izdatelstvo Moskovskogo Universiteta Moscow
47. S.L. Kostyuchenko A.F. Morozov R.A. Stephenson L.N. Solodilov A.G. Vedrentsev K.E. Popolitov A.F. Aleshina V.S. Vishnevskaya T.P. Yegorova The evolution of the southern margin of the East European Craton based on seismic and potential field data Tectonophysics 381 2004 101-118
48. V.V. Kozmodemyansky M.Z. Salimgereev V.P. Avrov K.V. Vinogradova V.V. Lipatova Osobennosti stroeniya doyurskogo strukturnogo kompleksa p-ova Buzachi w svyazi s perspektiwami neftegazonosnosti (Framework of the pre-Jurassic structural complex of the Buzachi Peninsula in connection with petroleum potential) Geologiya Nefti i Gaza 10 1995 9-15
49. J. Lamarche J.L. Mansy F. Bergerat O. Averbuch M. Hakenberg M. Lewandowski E. Stupnicka J. Swidrowska B. Wajsprych J. Wieczorek Variscan tectonics in the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland) and the role of structural inheritance during Alpine tectonics Tectonophysics 313 1999 171-186
50. S. Laurent-Charvet J. Charvet P. Monié L. Shu Late Paleozoic strike-slip shear zones in eastern central Asia (NW China): New structural and geochronological data Tectonics 22 2003 1009
51. M.M. Lemaire M. Westphal E.L. Gurevitch K. Nazarov H. Feinberg J.P. Pozzi How far between Iran and Eurasia was the Turan plate during Triassic-Jurassic times? Geologie en Mijnbouw 76 1997 73-82
52. M.M. Lemaire E.L. Gurevitch K. Nazarov M. Westphal H. Feinberg J.P. Pozzi Paleomagnetism of Permian to Jurassic formations from the Turan Plate In: S. Crasquin-Soleau E. Barrier (Eds.) Peri-Tethys Memoir 3: Stratigraphy and Evolution of Peri-Tethyan Platforms vol. 177 1998a Memoires du Museum national d'Historire naturelle Paris pp. 71-87
53. M.-M. Lemaire M. Westphal R. Montigny E.L. Gurevitch H. Feinberg J.-P. Pozzi K. Nazarov Palaeomagnetism and evolution of the Scythian-Turan block from the Early Permian to the Late Triassic Comptes Rendus de l'Acadŕmie des Sciences. Serie IIa, Earth and Planetary Science 327 1998 441-448
54. N.P. Lippov Geologiya SSSR. Tom XXII. Turkmenskaya SSR. Chast 1, Geologicheskoe Opisanie, Geologiya SSSR 1957 Nedra Moscow
55. a Rossii, Sopredelnykh Gosudarstv (v Granitsax Byvshego SSSR) i Prilegayuschikh Akwatorii (1:5 000 000), VSEGEI.
56. N. Lyberis G. Manby Oblique to orthogonal convergence across the Turan block in the post-Miocene AAPG Bulletin 83 1999 1135-1160
57. N. Lyberis G. Manby J.-T. Poli V. Kalougin H. Yousouphocaev T. Ashirov Post-Triassic evolution of the southern margin of the Turan plate Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences. Series IIa, Earth and Planetary Science 326 1998 137-143
58. R. McCaffrey Estimates of modern arc-parallel strain rates in fore arcs Geology 24 1996 27-30
59. E.E. Milanovsky Geologia SSSR. Chast 3. Sredizemnomorskii i Tikhookeanskii Podvizhnye Poyasa Zaklyuchenie 1991 Izdatelstwo Moskowskogo Universiteta Moscow
60. E.E. Milanovsky V.E. Khain Geologicheskoe Stroenie 1963 Kavkaza Moscow
61. D.M. Murzagaliev Riftogenez i neftegazonosnost Mangyshlaka Geologiya nefti i gaza 5 1996 36-39
62. B.A. Natal'in A.M.C. Şengör Arc-slicing and arc-shaving strike-slip faults in the Palaeozoic collage of the Altaids, Central Asia Geological Society of America Abstracts Programs 28 1996 A67-A68
63. B.A. Natal'in A.M.C. Şengör Late Paleozoic to Triassic evolution of the Turan/Scythian platform: The pre-history of Paleo-Tethyan closure, IGCP-420, Continental growth in the Phanerozoic: evidence from Central Asia Novosibirsk 2001 81-84
64. B. Natalin C. Şengör Paleozoic-Early Mesozoic accretion in the Turan/Scythian region and evolution of the northern margin of the Paleo-Tethyan ocean, International Workshop on Accretionary Orogens and Continental growth Central Geological Survey of Taiwan, Longtanm 2004 74-78
65. V.M. Nenakhov V.Y. Lytochkin A.C. Perfilyev L.V. Kyznetsov Osobennosti Izucheniya i Geologicheskogo Kartirovaniya Kollizionnykh Granitov 1992 Nauka Moscow
66. A.M. Nikishin S. Cloetingh M.-F. Brunet R. Stephenson S.N. Bolotov A.V. Ershov Scythian platform, Caucasus and Black Sea region: Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic and dynamics In: S. Crasquin-Soleau E. Barrier (Eds.) Peri-Tethys Memoir: 3: Stratigraphy and Evolution of Peri-Tethyan Platforms vol. 177 1998 Memoires du Museum national d'Historire naturelle Paris pp. 163-176
67. A.M. Nikishin P.A. Ziegler D.I. Panov B.P. Nazarrevich M.-F. Brunet R.A. Stephenson S.N. Bolotov M.V. Korotaev P.L. Tikhomirov Mesozoic and Cenozoic evolution of the Scythian Platform-Black Sea-Caucasus domain In: P.A. Ziegler W. Cavazza A.H.F. Robertson S. Crasquin-Soleau (Eds.) Peri-Tethys Memoir 6: Peri-Tethyan Rift/Wrench Basins and Passive Margins vol. 186 2001 Memoires du Museum national d'Historire naturelle Paris pp. 295-346
68. A.M. Nikishin P.A. Ziegler D. Abbott M.-F. Brunet S. Cloetingh Permo-Triassic intraplate magmatism and rifting in Eurasia: Implications for mantle plumes and mantle dynamics Tectonophysics 351 2002 3-39
69. V.E. Orel Y.V. Raspopov A.P. Skripkin A.V. Orel V.G. Vershovsky S.M. Chernyshev Y.K. Burlin B.K. Voblikov V.A. Chekhmachev B.P. Nazarevich Z.I. Zhorina I.M. Mikhailov T.F. Shumova I.A. Nazarevich P.A. Petrenko A.A. Yaroshenko Geologiya i Neftegazonosnost Prekavkazya 2001 GEOS Moscow
70. D.S. Orudzheva V.I. Popkov A.A. Rabinovich Novye dannye o geologiheskom stroenii i perspektivakh neftegazonosnosti doyurskikh otlozhenii Yuzhnogo Mangyshlaka Geologiya nefti i gaza 7 1985 17-22
71. M.E. Pasyanos W.R. Walter Crust and upper-mantle structure of North Africa, Europe and the Middle East from inversion of surface waves Geophysical Journal International 149 2002 463-481
72. R.M. Pegrum Structural development of the southwestern margin of the Russian - Fennoscandian Platform In: A.M. Spencer et al (Eds.) Petroleum Geology of the North European Margin 1984 Graham and Trotham London pp. 359-369
73. G. Plafker J.C. Moore G.A. Winkler Geology of the southern Alaska margin In: G. Plafker H.C. Berg (Eds.) The Geology of Alaska. The Geology of North America 1994 Geological Society of America Boulder pp. 389-449
74. V.I. Popkov Tektonika Zapada Turanskoy Plity 1992 IGiRGI Moscow
75. I.I. Pospelov Formatsii i tektonicheskoe razvitie pozdnikh varistsid Yuzhnogo Tyan Shanya i Severnogo Pamira In: P.P. Timopheev V.G. Gerbova V.A. Knipper V.A. Krasheninnikov (Eds.) Rannegeosinklinalnye Formatsii i Struktury 1987 Nauka Moscow pp. 149-178
76. A.W. Ruttner Southern borderland of Triassic Laurasia north-east Iran Geologische Rundschau 82 1993 110-120
77. A. Saintot R. Stephenson S. Stovba Y. Maystrenko Structures associated with inversion of the Donbas Foldbelt (Ukraine and Russia) Tectonophysics 373 2003 181-207
78. S.M. Schmid Integrated cross section and tectonic evolution of the Alps along the eastern traverse In: O.A. Pfiffner P. Lehner P. Heitzman S. Mueller A. Steck (Eds.) Results of NRP 20; Deep Structure of the Swiss Alps, Basel 1997 Birkhaeuser Verlag Switzerland pp. 289-304
79. M.E. Schumacher Geological interpretation of the seismic profiles through the Southern Alps (lines S1-S7 and C3-south) In: O.A. Pfiffner P. Lehner P. Heitzman S. Mueller A. Steck (Eds.) Results of NRP 20; Deep Structure of the Swiss Alps 1997 Birkhaeuser, Verlag Basel, Switzerland pp. 101-114
80. A. Seghedi The North Dobrogea orogenic belt (Romania): A review In: P.A. Ziegler W. Cavazza A.H.F. Robertson S. Crasquin-Soleau (Eds.) Peri-Tethys Memoir 6: Peri-Tethyan Rift/Wrench Basins and Passive Margins 2001 Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris pp. 237-257
81. A.M.C. Şengör The Cimmeride orogenic system and the tectonics of Eurasia Geological Society of America 1984 195 (Special Paper)
82. A.M.C. Şengör Tectonics of the Tethysides: Orogenic collage development in a collisional setting Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 15 1987 213-244
83. A.M.C. Şengör Plate tectonics and orogenic research after 25 years: A Tethyan perspective Earth-Science Reviews 27 1990 1-201
84. A.M.C. Şengör The larger tectonic framework of the Zonguldak coal basin in northern Turkey: An outsider view In: M.N. Yalcin G. (Eds.) Gurdal Zonguldak Basin Research Well-1: Kozlu-K20/G 1995 MAM, Tubitak pp. 1-26
85. A.M.C. Şengör B.A. Natal'in Palaeotectonics of Asia: fragments of a synthesis In: A. Yin M. Harrison (Eds) The Tectonic Evolution of Asia, Rubey Colloquium 1996 Cambridge University Press Cambridge pp. 486-640
86. A.M.C. Şengör B.A. Natal'in Rifts of the world In: R.E. Ernst K.L. Bucham (Eds.) Mantle Plumes: Their Identification Through Time vol. 352 2001 Geological Society of America pp. 389-482 (Special Paper)
87. A.M.C. Şengör A.H. Okurogullari The role of accretionary wedges in the growth of continents: Asiatic examples from Argand to plate tectonics Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 84 1991 535-597
88. A.M.C. Şengör D. Altiner A. Cin T. Ustaomer K.J. Hsu Origin and assembly of the Tethyside orogenic collage at the expense of Gondwana Land Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ. 1988 37
89. A.M.C. Şengör B.A. Natal'in V.S. Burtman Evolution of the Altaid tectonic collage and Palaeozoic crustal growth in Eurasia Nature 364 1993 299-307
90. E.R. Sheikh-Zade Results of seismic reflection profiling in the Turanian Platform Tectonophysics 264 1996 123-135
91. L. Shu J. Charvet G. Lingzhi L. Huafu S. Laurent-Charvet A large-scale Palaeozoic dextral ductile strip-slip zone; the Aqqikkudug-Weiya Zone along the northern margin of the central Tien Shan belt Xinjiang, NW China Acta Geologica Sinica English Edition 73 1999 146-162
92. K. Sieh D. Natawidjaja Neotectonics of the Sumatran Fault, Indonesia Journal of Geophysical Research B, Solid Earth and Planets 105 2000 28,295-28,326
93. C. Spiegel R.F. Sachsenhofer V.A. Privalov M.V. Zhykalyak E.A. Panova Thermotectonic evolution of the Ukrainian Donbas Foldbelt: Evidence from zircon and apatite fission track data Tectonophysics 383 2004 193-215
94. J. Stocklin Structural correlation of the Alpine ranges between Iran and Central Asia, Livre â la memoire de Albert F. de Lapparent, v Ser. 8 Mémoires de la Société géologique de France 1977 333-353
95. S.M. Stovba R.A. Stephenson The Donbas Foldbelt: Its relationships with the uninverted Donets segment of the Dniepr-Donets Basin, Ukraine Tectonophysics 313 1999 59-83
96. G.K. Taylor J. Grocott A. Pope D.E. Randall Mesozoic fault systems, deformation and fault block rotation in the Andean forearc: A crustal scale strike-slip duplex in the Coastal Cordillera of northern Chile Tectonophysics 299 1998 93-109
97. J.C. Thomas P.R. Cobbold V.S. Shein S.L. Douaran Sedimentary record of late Paleozoic to Recent tectonism in central Asia - analysis of subsurface data from the Turan and south Kazak domains Tectonophysics 313 1999 243-263
98. P.L. Tikhomirov F. Chalot-Prat B.P. Nazarevich Triassic volcanism in the Eastern Fore-Caucasus: Evolution and geodynamic interpretation Tectonophysics 381 2004 119-142
99. A.V. Travin A. Boven A.V. Plotnikov V.G. Vladimiron K. Tenissen A.G. Vladimirov A.V. Melnikov A.V. Titov 40Ar/39Ar datirovanie plasticheskikh deformatsii v Irtyshskoi sdvigivoi zone (Vostochnyi Kazakhstan) Geokhimiya 12 2001 1-5
100. K.T. Tulyaganov (Ed.) Geologiya SSSR. Tom XXIII. Uzbekskaya SSR. Geologicheskoe Opisanie. Kniga 1 1972 Nedra Moscow
101. O.G. Tumanskaya Cephalopoda i Ammonoidea v permo-triasovykh otlozheniyakh Kryma 1931 Geologicheskii Komitet Leningrad-Moscow
102. G.F. Ulmishek Petroleum geology and resources of the middle Caspian basin, former Soviet Union U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2201-A 2001a
103. G.F. Ulmishek Petroleum geology and resources of the north Ustyurt Basin, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2201-D 2001
104. T. Ustaomer A.H.F. Robertson A late Palaeozoic-early Mesozoic marginal basin along the active southern continental margin of Eurasia: Evidence from the Central Pontides (Turkey) and adjacent regions Geological Journal 28 1993 219-238
105. Y.A. Volozh M.P. Antipov Y.G. Leonov A.F. Moroz Y.A. Yurov Structure of the Karpinsky Range Geotectonics 33 1999 28-43
106. I.S. Volvovsky R.G. Garetzkiy A.E. Shlezinger V.N. Shraybman Tektonika Turanskoy Plity 1966 Nauka Moscow
107. M.A. Wartes A.R. Carroll T.J. Greene K. Cheng H. Ting Permian lacustrine deposits of northwest China In: E.H. Gierlowski-Kordesch K.R. Kelts (Eds.) Lake Basins through Space and Time AAPG studies in geology 2000 pp. 123-132
108. N.H. Woodcock The role of strike-slip fault systems at plate boundaries Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A: Mathematical and Physical Sciences 317 1986 13-29
109. K.D. Yakubov M.A. Akhmedzhanov O.M. Borisov Regionalnye Razlomy Sredinnogo i Yuzhnogo Tyan-Shanya Fan, Tashkent 1976
110. A.L. Yanshin Geologiya SSSR. Tom XXI. Zapadnyi Kazakhstan. Chast 1. Geologicheskoe Opisanie. Kniga 2 1970 Nedra Moscow
111. T.P. Yegorova R.A. Stephenson S.L. Kostyuchenko E.P. Baranova V.I. Starostenko K.E. Popolitov Structure of the lithosphere below the southern margin of the East European Craton (Ukraine and Russia) from gravity and seismic data Tectonophysics 381 2004 81-100
112. V.V. Yudin Strukturnyye predposylki neftegazonosnosti Kryma Geologiya Nefti i Gaza 7 1997 8-12
113. V.V. Yudin Geologiya Kryma na Osnove Geodinamiki (Nauchno-Metodicheskoe Posobie dlya Uchbnoi Geologicheskoj Praktiki) Syktyvkarskii 2000 Gosudarstvennyi Universitet Syktyvkar
114. Ziegler, P.A., 1990. Geological Atlas of Western and Central Europe, second and completely revised edition. Shell Internationale Petroleum Maatschappij B. V., The Netherlands.
115. L.P. Zonenshain M.I. Kuzmin L.M. Natapov Geology of the USSR: A plate tectonic synthesis AGU Geodynamic Series 1990 21