The stiffness modulus in Norway spruce as a function of year ring

Holzforschung

Volumn 59, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 451-455

  Koponen, Tiina ^a   Karppinen, Timo ^a   Hæggström, Edward ^a   Saranpää, Pekka ^b   Serimaa, Ritva ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

Modulus of elasticity; Picea abies; Ultrasound

Indexed keywords

STIFFNESS; ULTRASONICS;

MICROFIBRIL ANGLE; STIFFNESS MODULUS; YEAR RING;

FORESTRY;

JUVENILE WOOD; PICEA ABIES; SPRING WOOD; STIFFNESS; SUMMER WOOD; ULTRASONIC FREQUENCIES;

PICEA ABIES;

EID: 21844432159     PISSN: 00183830     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/HF.2005.074     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Anderson, O.L., Liebermann, R.C. (1968) Sound velocities in rocks and minerals. In: Physical Acoustics - Principles and Methods, Vol. IV B. Ed. Mason, W.P. Academic Press, New York. pp. 341-344.
2. Andersson, S., Serimaa, R., Saranpää , P., Pesonen, E., Paakkari, T. (2003) The crystallinity of wood and the size of cellulose crystallites in Norway spruce. J. Wood Sci. 49:531-537.
3. Andersson, S., Wikberg, H., Pesonen, E., Maunu, S.-L., Serimaa, R. (2004) Studies of crystallinity of Scots pine and Norway spruce cellulose. Trees 18:346-353.
4. Astley, R.J., Stol, K.A, Harrington, J.J. (1998) Modeling the elastic properties of softwood, Part II: The cellular microstructure. Holz Roh- Werkstoff 56:43-50.
5. Bendtsen, B.A., Senft, J. (1986) Mechanical and anatomical properties in individual growth rings of plantation-grown eastern cottonwood and loblolly pine. Wood Fiber Sci. 18:23-38.
6. Bodig, J., Goodman, J.R. (1973) Prediction of elastic parameters for wood. Wood Sci. 5:249-264.
7. Bucur, V. (1983) An ultrasonic method for measuring the elastic constants of wood increment cores from living trees. Ultrasonics 5:116-126.
8. Bucur, V. (1999) Acoustics as a tool for the nondestructive testing of wood. www.ndt.net/article/v04n11/bucur/bucur.htm.
9. Bucur, V. (2003) Techniques for high resolution imaging of wood structure: A review. Meas. Sci. Technol. 14:R91-R98.
10. Bucur, V., Archer, R.R. (1984) Elastic constants for wood by an ultrasonic method. Wood Sci. Technol. 18:255-265.
11. Bucur, V., Lanceleur P., Roge B. (2002) Acoustic properties of wood in tridimensional representation of slowness surfaces. Ultrasonics 40:537-541.
12. Cave, I.D., Hutt, L. (1969) The longitudinal Young's modulus of Pinus radiata. Wood Sci. Technol. 3:40-48.
13. Cave, I.D., Walker, J.C.F. (1994) Stiffness of wood in fast-grown plantation softwoods: The influence of microfibril angle. For. Prod. J. 44:43-48.
14. Downes, G.M., Nyakuengama, J.G., Evans, R., Northway, R., Blakemore, P., Dickson, R.L., Lausberg, M. (2002) Relationship between wood density, microfibril angle and stiffness in thinned and fertilized Pinus radiata. IAWA J. 23:253-256.
15. Gindl, W., Teischinger, A. (2002) Axial compression strength of Norway spruce related to structural variability and lignin content. Composites A 33:1623-1628.
16. Gindl, W., Gupta, H.S., Grünwald, C. (2002) Lignification of spruce tracheid secondary cell walls related to longitudinal hardness and modulus of elasticity using nano-indentation. Can. J. Bot. 80:1029-1033.
17. Gustavsen, H.G. (1980) Site index curves for conifer stands in Finland. Folia For. 454:1-31.
18. Frühmann, K., Burgert, I., Stanzl-Tschegg, S.E., Tschegg, E.K. (2003) Mode I fracture behavior on the growth ring scale and cellular level of spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) loaded in the TR crack propagation system. Holzforschung 57:653-660.
19. Huang, C.-L., Lindström, H., Nakada, R., Ralston, J. (2003) Cell wall structure and wood properties determined by acoustics - a selective review. Holz Roh- Werkstoff 61:321-335.
20. Ilic, J. (2003) Dynamic MOE of 55 species using small wood beams. Holz Roh- Werkstoff 61:167-172.
21. Jayawickrama, K.J.S. (2000) Breeding radiata pine for wood stiffness: review and analysis. Aust. For. 64:51-56.
22. Keckes, J., Burgert, I., Frühmann, K., Müller, M., Kölln, K., Hamilton, M., Burghammer, M., Stanzl-Tschegg, S., Fratzl, P. (2003) Cell-wall recovery after irreversible deformation of wood. Nat. Mater. 2:810-814.
23. Kennedy, R.W. (1995) Coniferous wood quality in the future - concerns and strategies. Wood Sci. Technol. 29:321-338.
24. Lindström, H., Harris, P., Nakada, R. (2002) Methods for measuring stiffness of young trees. Holz Roh- Werkstoff 60: 165-174.
25. Page, D.H., El-Hosseiny, F., Winkler, K., Lancaster, A.P.S. (1977) Elastic modulus of single wood pulp fibers. Tappi 60:114-117.
26. Panshin, A.J., de Zeeuw, C. (1980) Textbook of Wood Technology. McGraw-Hill, New York.
27. Persson, K. (2000) Micromechanical modelling of wood and fibre properties. Doctoral Thesis, Lund University, Sweden.
28. Sarén, M.P., Andersson, S., Serimaa, R., Paakkari, T., Saranpää , P., Pesonen, E. (2001) Structural variation of tracheids in Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.). J. Struct. Biol. 136(2):101-109.
29. Sarén, M.P., Serimaa, R., Andersson, S., Saranpää, P., Keckes, J., Fratzl, P. (2004) Effect of growth rate on mean microfibril angle and cross-sectional shape of tracheids of Norway spruce. Trees Struct. Funct. 18:354-362.
30. Verkasalo, E. (1992) Relationships of the modulus of elasticity and the structure of Finnish Scots pine wood. Silva Fennica 26(3):155-168.
31. Verkasalo, E., Leban, J.M. (2002) MOE and MOR in static bending of small clear specimens of Scots pine, Norway spruce and European fir from Finland and France and their prediction for the comparison of wood quality. Pap. Timber 84(5):332-340.
32. Yang, J.L., Evans, R. (2003) Prediction of MOE of eucalypt wood from microfibril angle and density. Holz Roh- Werkstoff 61:449-452.