Britain and the world in the eighteenth century: I, reshaping the empire

Transactions of the Royal Historical Society

Volumn 8, Issue , 1998, Pages 1-18

  Marshall, Rj ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 21744460785     PISSN: 00804401     EISSN: 14740648     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3679286     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. This paper is greatly indebted to work of the scholars who have contributed to the Oxford History of the British Empire, vol. II, The Eighteenth Century (Oxford, 1998).
2. Phyllis Deane and W. A. Cole, British Economic Growth 1688-1959, Trends and Structures, 2nd edn. (Cambridge, 1969), 86.
3. David Richardson, ‘Slave Exports from West and West-Central Africa; 1700-1810: New Estimates of Volume and Distribution’, Journal of African History, 30 (1989), 11.
4. John Brewer, The Sinews of Power: War, Money and the English State 1688-1783 (1989).
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6. (New York, 1991), 124 ff.
7. Imperial Meridian: The British Empire and the World 1780-1830 (1989), 13.
8. This is the theme of P. J. Cain and A. G. Hopkins, British Imperialism: Innovation and Expansion 1688-1914 (1993), ch. 2.
9. Vincent T. Harlow, The Founding of the Second British Empire 1763-1793, vol. I, Discovery and Revolution (1952), 3.
10. Charles M. Andrews, The Colonial Background to the American Revolution: Four Essays in American Colonial History (New Haven, 1924), 125
11. Lawrence Henry Gipson, The British Empire before the American Revolution, vol. XIII, The Triumphant Empire: The Empire Beyond the Storm (New York, 1967), 182.
12. ‘Maritime Strength and Atlantic Commerce: The Uses of “a Grand Marine Empire”’, in Lawrence Stone, ed., An Imperial State at War: Britain from 1689 to 1815 (1994), 210.
13. “Protestantism and the Poetry of Empire' in Jeremy Black, ed., Culture and Society in Eighteenth-century Britain (Manchester, 1997), 146-162.
14. Oracles of Empire: Poetry, Politics and Commerce in British America 1690-1750 (Chicago, 1990)
15. ‘Protestantism and Poetry’, 147.
16. John Harris, ed., John Campbell, Navigantium atque Itinerarium. Biblioteche or a Compleat Collection of Voyages and Travels, 2 vols. (1744-8), I, p. vii.
17. ‘Great Britain's “Blue-Water” Policy, 1689-1815’, International History Review, X (1988), 58
18. ‘Discourse on the Plantation Trade’, in Charles Whitworth, ed., The Politicai and Commercial Works of Charles D'Avenant, 5 vols. (1771), II, 34-35.
19. This is the theme of Jack P. Greene, Peripheries and Center: Constitutional Development in the Extended Polities of the British Empire and the United States 1607-1788 (Athens, Ga., 1986), Book One.
20. Kathleen Wilson, The Sense of the People: Politics, Culture and Imperialism in England, 17151785 (Cambridge, 1995), 140-165.
21. Leo F. Stock ed., Proceedings and Debates in the British Parliaments respecting North America, vols. (Washington, 1924-41), V, 369.
22. See discussion in Philip Woodfine, ‘The Anglo-Spanish War of 1739’, in Jeremy-Black, ed., The Origins of War in Early Modem Europe (Edinburgh, 1987), 185-207.
23. Cited in T. R. Clayton, ‘The Duke of Newcastle, the Earl of Halifax and the American Origins of the Seven Years War’, Historical Journal, XXIV (1981), 576.
24. Letter to Holdemesse with enclosures, 29 Aug, 1755, BL, Egerton MS 3432, ff. 292-298. 25 Letter to R. Orme, 14 Oct. 1755, BL, Egerton MS 3488, f. 95.
25. Wilson, Sense of the People, 178-205.
26. Letters and Papers of Cadwallader Colden, vol. V, Collections of the New Tork Historical Society for the Year 1921 (1923), 256-257.
27. Annual Register for the Tear 1763, 15.
28. H.-V. Bowen, Elites, Enterprise and the Making of the British Overseas Empire i688~m (Basingstoke, 1996), ch. 7.
29. Peter N. Miller, Defining the Common Good: Empire, Religion and Phiksophy in Eighteenth-Century Britain (Cambridge, 1994), 179-194.
30. Edinburgh address to King, London Gazette, 17-21 May 1763.
31. Thomas Pownall, The Right, Interest and Duty of Government as Concerned in the Aßairs of the East India Company [1773], pp. 25-26.
32. Cited in H. V. Bowen, Revenue and Reform: The Indian Problem in British Politics 1757-73 (Cambridge, 1991), 25.
33. Warren M. Elofson and John A. Woods, eds., The Writings and Speeches of Edmund Burke, vol. Ill, Party, Parliament, and the American War 1774-1780 (Oxford, 1996), 316.
34. Bowen, Revenue and Reform, 22-23.
35. Michael Duffy, Soldiers, Sugar and Seapower. The British Expeditions to the West Indies in the War against Reuolutionaty France (Oxford, 1987).
36. Miller, Defining the Common Good) 159–69.
37. Speech of Charles Yorke, 3 Feb. 1766, in R. C. Simmons and P. D. G. Thomas, eds., Proceedings and Debates of the British Parliaments Respecting North America, 6 vols. (Milwood, NY, 1982-89), II. 137.
38. Jack P. Greene, ‘The Jamaica Privilege Controversy, 1764-66: An Episode in the Process of Constitutional Definition in the Early Modem British Empire’, Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, XXII (1994), 30.
39. J. Watts to R. Monckton, i June 1765, Houghton Library, Harvard, Sparks MS 38, f. 30.
40. Letter to P. Collinson, 30 April 1764, Franklin Papers, XI, 181.
41. Letter to R. Jackson, 24 Aug. 1765, Houghton Library, Sparks MS 4/4, p. 19. “John L. Bullion, ‘British Ministers and American Resistance to the Stamp Act, October December 1765’, William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., XLIX (1992), 89-107.
42. C. A. Bayly, ‘The British Military-Fiscal State and Indigenous Resistance: India 17501820’ in Stone, ed., An Imperial State at War, p. 206.
43. See, for instance, C. A. Bayly, Rulers, Townsmen and Bazaars; North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion 1780-1870 (Cambridge, 1983)
44. The New Cambridge History of India, II, i, Indian Society and the Making of the British Empire (Cambridge, 1988)
45. Empire and Information: Intelligence Gathering and Social Communication in India 1780-1870 (Cambridge, 1996)
46. Abdul Majed Khan, The Transition in Bengal, 1756-1775. A Study of Saiyid Muhammad Reza Khan (Cambridge, 1969)
47. P. J. Marshall, ‘Indian Officials under the East India Company’ in Trade and Conquest; Studies in the Rise of British Dominance in India (Aldershot, 1993)
48. Lakshmi Subramanian, Indigenous Capital and Imperial Expansion: Bombay, Surat and the West Coast (New Delhi, 1995).
49. Rajat Kanta Ray, ‘Colonial Penetration and the Initial Resistance: The Mughal Ruling Class, the English East India Company and the Struggle for Bengal 1756-1800’, Indian Historical Review, XII (1985-6), 1-105.
50. Radicalism of the Revolution, p. 134.
51. ‘Narrative of Commercial Life: Consumption, Ideology, and the Community on Eve of the American Revolution’, William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., L (1993), 483.
52. On commercialisation in Asia in general, see Bayly, Imperial Meridian; Victor Lieberman, ‘Local Integration and Eurasian Analogies: Structuring Southeast Asian History, C135O-c.1830’., Modem Asian Studies, XXVII (1993), 475-572.
53. For the Indian situation, see Bayly, Indian Society and the British Empire
54. Frank Periin, ‘Proto-Industrialisation and PreColonial South Asia’ Past and Present, XCVIII (1983), 30-95
55. David Washbrook, ‘Progress and Problems: South Asian Economic and Social History,.1720-1860’, Modem Asian Studies, XXII (1988), 57-96.