The U wave in the electrocardiogram: A solution for a 100-year-old riddle

Cardiovascular Research

Volumn 67, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 256-262

  Ritsema Van Eck, Henk J ^a   Kors, Jan A ^a   Van Herpen, Gerard ^a  

^a ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Computer modeling; ECG; Membrane potential; Repolarization

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; GEOMETRY; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE; HEART MUSCLE; HEART MUSCLE POTENTIAL; HEART REPOLARIZATION; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; MORPHOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; T WAVE; U WAVE;

COMPUTER SIMULATION; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; HEART; HEART DISEASES; HUMANS; MODELS, CARDIOVASCULAR;

EID: 21744449156     PISSN: 00086363     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.010     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. W. Einthoven Le télécardiogramme Arch Int Physiol 4 1906 132 164
2. W. Einthoven The different forms of the human electrocardiogram and their signification Lancet 30 1912 (March) 853 861
3. B.F. Hoffman, and P.F. Cranefield Electrophysiology of the heart 1960 McGraw-Hill New York
4. C. Antzelevitch, and S. Sicouri Clinical relevance of cardiac arrhythmias generated by afterdepolarisations. Role of M cells in the generation of U waves, triggered activity and torsades de pointes J Am Coll Cardiol 23 1994 259 277
5. D. Di Bernardo, and A. Murray Origin on the electrocardiogram of U-waves and abnormal U-wave inversion Cardiovasc Res 53 2002 202 208
6. B. Surawicz U wave: facts, hypotheses, misconceptions, and misnomers J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 9 1998 1117 1128
7. J. Wu, J. Wu, and D.P. Zipes Early afterdepolarisations, U waves, and torsade de pointes Circulation 105 2002 675 676
8. B. Wohlfart A simple model for demonstration of ST-T changes in ECG Eur Heart J 9 1987 409 416
9. E. Drouin, F. Charpentier, C. Gauthier, K. Laurent, and H. Le Marec Electrophysiological characteristics of cells spanning the left ventricular wall of human heart: evidence for the presence of M cells J Am Coll Cardiol 26 1995 185 192
10. M.J. Lab Mechanically dependent changes in action potentials recorded from intact frog ventricle Circ Res 42 1978 519 528
11. M. Zabel, B.S. Koller, F. Sachs, and M.R. Franz Stretch-induced voltage changes in the isolated beating heart: importance of the timing of stretch and implications for stretch-activated ion channels Cardiovasc Res 32 1996 120 130
12. P. Taggart, P.M. Sutton, T. Opthof, R. Coronel, R. Trimlett, and W. Pugsley Inhomogeneous transmural conduction during early ischaemia in patients with coronary artery disease J Mol Cell Cardiol 32 2000 621 630
13. R. Plonsey Action potential sources and their volume conductor fields Proc IEEE 65 1977 601 611
14. H.C. Burger, and J.B. Van Milaan Heart-vector and leads Br Heart J 8 1946 157 161
15. H.C. Burger, and J.B. Van Milaan Heart-vector and leads: Part II Br Heart J 9 1947 154 160
16. H.C. Burger, and J.B. Van Milaan Heart-vector and leads: Part III Br Heart J 10 1948 229 233
17. Y. Watanabe Purkinje repolarization as a possible cause of the U wave in the electrocardiogram Circulation 51 1975 1030 1037
18. E. Lepeschkin Physiologic basis of the U wave R.C. Schlant J.W. Hurst Advances in electrocardiography 1972 Grune & Stratton New York 431 447
19. V.V. Nesterenko, and C. Antzelevitch Simulation of the electrocardiographic U wave in heterogeneous myocardium: effect of local junctional resistance Proc computers in cardiology 1992 IEEE Computer Society Press Los Alamitos 43 46
20. G. Yan, and C. Antzelevitch Cellular basis for the normal T wave and the electrocardiographic manifestations of the long-QT syndrome Circulation 98 1998 1928 1936
21. M.R. Franz, D. Burkhoff, D.T. Yue, and K. Sagawa Mechanically induced action potential changes and arrhythmia in isolated and in situ canine hearts Cardiovasc Res 23 1989 213 223
22. P. Taggart, P.M. Sutton, T. Opthof, R. Coronel, R. Trimlett, and W. Pugsley Transmural repolarisation in the left ventricle in humans during normoxia and ischaemia Cardiovasc Res 50 2001 454 462
23. C.E. Conrath, R. Wilders, R. Coronel, J.M.T. De Bakker, P. Taggart, and J.R. De Groot Intercellular coupling through gap junctions masks M cells in the human heart Cardiovasc Res 62 2004 407 414
24. J.A. Abildskov The sequence of normal recovery of excitability in the dog heart Circulation 52 1975 442 446
25. E.P. Anyukhovsky, E.A. Sosunov, and M.R. Rosen Regional differences in electrophysiological properties of epicardium, midmyocardium, and endocardium Circulation 94 1996 1981 1988
26. N. El-Sherif, E.B. Caref, H. Yin, and M. Restivo The electrophysiological mechanism of ventricular arrhythmias in the long QT syndrome Circ Res 79 1996 474 492
27. Ritsema van Eck HJ. Digital computer simulation of cardiac excitation and repolarization in man. Dalhousie: Dalhousie University; 1972 [Thesis].
28. H.J. Ritsema van Eck Fiducial segment averaging to improve cardiac interval estimates J Electrocardiol 35 Suppl. 2002 89 93
29. Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP) Points to consider: the assessment of the potential for QT interval prolongation by non-cardiovascular medicinal products 1997 CPMP London Report CPMP/987/96
30. Fenichel R, Koerner J. Development of drug that alter ventricular repolarization Report Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Washington; 1999.