The embodiment of inequity: Health disparities in Aboriginal Canada

Canadian Journal of Public Health

Volumn 96, Issue SUPPL. 2, 2005, Pages

  Adelson, Naomi ^a  

^a YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

First nations, Canada; Health disparities; Indians, North American; Social sciences, colonialism

Indexed keywords

ABORIGINE; AGE DISTRIBUTION; CANADA; CHRONIC DISEASE; CULTURAL FACTOR; DEMOGRAPHY; EDUCATION; EMPLOYMENT; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH PROGRAM; HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH; HEALTH STATUS; HOUSING; HUMAN; INCOME; INDIVIDUALIZATION; INFECTION; INSTITUTIONALIZATION; LANGUAGE; LIFE EXPECTANCY; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; POLITICS; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; REGISTER; REVIEW; SOCIAL ASPECT; SOCIOECONOMICS; SUICIDE; WELLBEING;

EID: 21644449339     PISSN: 00084263     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/bf03403702     Document Type: Review

References (95)

1. AFN Press Release, April 3, 2003. Available from: http://www.afn.ca/Media/2003/apr/april_3.htm.
2. Newbold B. Problems in search of solutions: Health and Canadian Aboriginals. J Community Health 1998;23(1):59-73.
3. Young TK. Health Care and Cultural Change: The Indian Experience in the Subarctic. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1988.
4. Waldram JB, Herring D, Young T. Aboriginal Health in Canada: Historical, Cultural and Epidemiological Perspectives. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995.
5. Warry W. Unfinished Dreams: Communuy Healing and the Reality of Aboriginal Self-government. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998.
6. Bagley CR. Aboriginal Children in Canada: Child Welfare and Social Justice. University of Calgary Alberta, ASP Association-Paper, 1986.
7. MacDonald JA. Child welfare and the Native Indian peoples of Canada. Windsor Yearbook Access Justice 1985;5:284-305.
8. Zylberberg P. Who should make child protection decisions for the Native community? Windsor Yearbook Access Justice 1999;11:74-103.
9. Adams H. Tortured People: The Politics of Colonization. Penticton: Theytus Books, 1999.
10. Gill SD. The unspeakability of racism: Mapping law's complicity in Manitoba's racialized spaces. Can J Law Soc 2000;15(2):131-62.
11. Harris RC. Making Native Space: Colonialism, Resistance, and Reserves in British Columbia. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2002.
12. Kelm ME. "A scandalous procession": Residential schooling and the re/formation of Aboriginal bodies, 1900-1950. Native Stud Rev 1996;11(2):51-88.
13. Kelm ME. Colonizing Bodies: Aboriginal Health and Healing in British Columbia, 1900-50. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1998.
14. Kline M. The colour of law: Ideological representations of First Nations in legal discourse. Soc Leg Stud 1994;3(4):451-76.
15. Napoleon V. Extinction by number: Colonialism made easy. Can J Law Soc 2001;16(1):113-45.
16. Neu DE. Accounting for Genocide: Canada's Bureaucratic Assault on Aboriginal People. Black Point, NS: Fernwood, 2003.
17. Oaks J, et al (Eds.), Aboriginal Health, Identity and Resources. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba, 2000.
18. Tsuji LJS, Iannucci G, Iannucci A. Improving community housing, an important determinant of health through mechanical and electrical training programs. Can J Native Educ 2000;20(2):251-61.
19. Jacobs K, Gill K. Substance abuse in an urban Aboriginal population: Social, legal and psychological consequences. J Ethnic Subst Abuse 2002;1(1):7-25.
20. Jacobs K, Gill KJ. Substance abuse among urban aboriginals: Association with a history of physical/sexual abuse. J Ethnic Subst Abuse 2002;1(2):19-39.
21. Coleman H, Grant C, Collins J. Inhalant use by Canadian Aboriginal youth. J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse 2001;10(3):1-20.
22. Milloy JS. A National Crime: The Canadian Government and the Residential School System, 1879-1986. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press, 1999.
23. Benoit C, Carroll D, Chaudhry M. In search of a healing place: Aboriginal women in Vancouver's downtown eastside. Soc Sci Med 2003;56(4):821-33.
24. Ajzenstadt M, Burtch BE. Medicalization and regulation of alcohol and alcoholism: The professions and disciplinary measures. Int J Law Psychiatry 1990;13(1-2):127-47.
25. Hanrahan M. Industrialization and the politicization of health in Labrador Métis society. Can J Native Stud 2000;20(2):231-50.
26. LaRocque E. Violence in Aboriginal Communities: The Path to Healing, Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, 72-89. Ottawa: Canada Communication Group, 1993.
27. Assembly of First Nations. Mission Statement on Health. Available from: http://www.afn.ca/Programs/Health/cont.htm.
28. Royal Commission on Aboriginal People. The Path to Healing: Report of the National Round Table on Aboriginal Health and Social Issues. Ottawa: Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, 1993.
29. Adelson N. Being Alive Well: Health and the Politics of Cree Well Being. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.
30. MacKinnon M. A First Nations voice in the present creates healing in the future. Can J Public Health 2005;96(Suppl 1):S13-16.
31. First Nations and Inuit Regional Health Survey Steering Committee. First Nations and Inuit Regional Health Survey. Ottawa: First Nations and Inuit Regional Health Survey Steering Committee, 2003.
32. Bartlett J. Health and well-being for Métis women in Manitoba. Can J Public Health 2005;96(Suppl 1):S22-27.
33. Samson C. A Way of Life That Does Not Exist: Canada and the Extinguishment of the Innu. New York: Verso, 2003.
34. Browne A, Fiske J, Thomas G. First Nations Women's Encounters with Mainstream Health Care Services and Systems. Vancouver: Centre for Excellence for Women's Health, 2000.
35. Smylie J. A guide for health care professionals working with Aboriginal people: A society of obstetricians and gynaecologists policy statement. J Soc Obstet Gynaecol Can 2001;23(3):255-61.
36. Kirmayer LJ, Brass GM, Tait CL. The mental health of Aboriginal peoples: Transformations of identity and community. Can J Psychiatry 2000;45(7):607-16.
37. First Nations and Inuit Health Branch (FNIHB). A Statistical Profile on the Health of First Nations in Canada. Ottawa: Health Canada, 2003. Available from: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fnihb-dgspni/fnihb/sppa/hia/publications/ statistical_profile.htm
38. Lamouch J, National Aboriginal Health Organization. Environmental Scan of Métis Health, Initiatives and Programs, 2002. Ottawa: National Aboriginal Health Organization, 2002. Available on-line from: http://www.naho.ca/english/pdf /research_enviro.pdf.
39. Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Government of Canada Implications of First Nations Demography. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 2001. Available online at: http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/pr/ra/execs/index_e.htmi
40. Royal Commission on Aboriginal People. Volume 1, Looking Forward Looking Back. Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services, 1996. Available on-line at: http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/ch/rcap/sg/sgmm_e.html.
41. Canadian Mortgage and Housing Commission. Effects of urban Aboriginal residential mobility. Socio-Economic Series Issue 114. Ottawa. CMHC, 2002.
42. Canadian Mortgage and Housing Commission. Housing need among off-reserve Aboriginal lone parents in Canada. Socio-Economic Series, Issue 34. Ottawa: CMHC, 1997.
43. Canadian Mortgage and Housing Commission. Houmig need among the Inuit in Canada, 1991. Socio-Economic Series, Issue 35. Ottawa. CMHC, 1997.
44. Canadian Mortgage and Housing Commission. Housing need among the Métis in Canada, 1991. Socio-Economic Series, Issue 36. Ottawa: CMHC, 1997.
45. Canadian Mortgage and Housing Commission. Housing need among off-reserve status Indian households in Canada, 1991. Socio-Economic Series, Issue 37. Ottawa: CMHC, 1997.
46. Canadian Mortgage and Housing Commission Housing need among North American Indians without Indian status in Canada, 1991. Socio-Economic Series, Issue 38. Ottawa: CMHC, 1997.
47. Statistics Canada, Information Quality and Research Information Management Branch, Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. Census Highlights on Registered Indians, 1991. Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 1995.
48. Tester FJ, Kulchyski P. Tammarniit (Mistakes): Inuit Relocation in the Eastern Arctic, 1939-1963. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1994.
49. McNicoll P, Tester F, Kulchyski P. Arctic abstersion: The book of wisdom for Eskimo, modernism and Inuit assimilation. Inuit Stud 1999;23(1-2):199-220.
50. Ryan JJ. Economic development and Innu settlement: The establishment of Sheshatshit. Can J Native Stud 1988;8(1):1-25.
51. Shkilnyk A. A Poison Stronger Than Love: The Destruction of an Ojibwa Community. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985.
52. Mason GK. Aboriginal women and housing in urban Canada AU. Women Environ 1996;39(4):38-40.
53. Walters D, White J, Maxim P. Does Postsecondary Education Benefit Aboriginal Canadians? An Examination of Earnings and Employment Outcomes for Recent Aboriginal Graduates. Can Public Policy 2004:283-301.
54. Assembly of First Nations. Socio-Economic Indicator Fact Sheet. Available from: http://www.afn.ca.
55. Kendall J. Circles of disadvantage: Aboriginal poverty and underdevelopment in Canada. Am Rev Can Stud 2001;31(1-2):43-59.
56. Rahder B, Peterson R. Women's health and the city. Women Environ 2001;50/51:31-2.
57. McEvoy M, Danduk J. Wounds to the soul: The experiences of Aboriginal women survivors of sexual abuse. Can Psychol 1995;36(3):221-35.
58. Razack S. Gendered racial violence and spatialized justice: The murder of Pamela George. Can J Law Soc 2000;15(2):91-130.
59. Deiter C, Otway L. Sharing our Stories on Promoting Health and Community Healing: An Aboriginal Women's Health Project. Winnipeg: Prairie Women's Health Centre of Excellence, 2001.
60. Browne A, Fiske J. First Nations women's encounters with mainstream health care services. West J Nurs Res 2001; 23(2):126-47.
61. Kirmayer LJ, Fletcher C, Corin E, Boothroyd L, Culture and Mental Health Research Unit. Inuit Concepts of Mental Health and Illness. Unit Report No. 4. Montreal: Report Prepared for the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, 1994.
62. Royal Commission on Aboriginal People. Volume 5, Renewal: A Twenty-Year Commitment. Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services, 1996. Available from: http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/ch/rcap/sg/sgmm_e.html.
63. Pauktuutit Inuit Women's Association. The Inuit Women's Health Issues Workshop. Ottawa: Pauktuutit Inuit Women's Association. 2001.
64. Royal Commission on Aboriginal People. Volume 3: Gathering Strength. Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services, 1996.
65. Dion Stout M, Kipling GD, Stout R. Aboriginal Women's Health Research: Synthesis Report. Ottawa: Canadian Centres of Excellence for Women's Health, 2001.
66. McIvor SD, Nahanee T. Aboriginal women: Invisible victims of violence. In: Bonnycastle K, Rigakos GS (Eds.), Unsettling Truths: Battered Women, Policy, Politics and Contemporary Research in Canada. Vancouver: Collective Press, 1998.
67. Dumont-Smith C, Sioui PL. Dragging wife abuse out of the closet. National Family Violence Abuse Study/Evaluation. Ottawa: Aboriginal Nurses of Canada, 1991.
68. Dion Stout, M. Social and Economic Factors Affecting Aboriginal Women's Mental Health: A Theoretical Perspective. Ottawa: Native Physicians Association, 1995.
69. Voyageur CJ. Employment Equity and Aboriginal People in Canada. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1998.
70. [LaRocque E. quoted in] Adams H. Prison of Grass: Canada from a Native Point of View. New York: Fitz-Henry & Whiteside, 1975.
71. [LaRocque E quoted in] Durst D. Conjugal violence: Changing attitudes in two northern Native communities. Community Ment Health J 1991;27(5):359-73.
72. Kirmayer LJ, Hayton B, Malus M, Jimenez V, Dufour R, Quesney C, et al., Suicidr in Canadian Aboriginal Populations: Emerging Trends in Research and Intervention. Unit Report No. 1. Montreal: Report Prepared for the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, 1993.
73. Clifton Brant C. Suicide in Canadian Aboriginal peoples: Causes and prevention. In RCAP: The Path to Healing. Ottawa: Canada Communication Group, 1994.
74. Kral MJ. Unikkaartuit: Meanings of Well-Being, Sadness, Suicide, and Change in Two Inuit Communities. Ottawa: Final Report to the National Health Research and Development Programs, Health Canada, 2003.
75. Kral MA, Ekho N, Kunuk O, Ootoova E, Papatsie M, Taparti L. Suicide in Nunavut: Stories from Inuit elders. In: Oakes J, Riewe R, Koolage S, et al (Eds.), Aboriginal Health, Identity and Resources. Winnipeg: Native Studies Press, 2000.
76. Malus M, Kirmayer LJ, Boothroyd L, Culture and Mental Health Research Unit. Risk Factors for Attempted Suicide among Inuit Youth: A Community Survey. Unit Report No. 3. Montreal, Report Prepared for the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, 1994.
77. Chandler MJ, Lalonde C. Culture continuity as a hedge against suicide in Canada's First Nations. Transcultural Psychiatry 1998;35(2):191-219.
78. Assembly of First Nations. Diabetes Statistics Reference Sheet. Ottawa: Health Canada, 2004. Available on-line at: http://www.afn.ca.
79. Potvin L, Cargo M, McComber AM. Implementing participatory intervention and research in communities: Lessons from the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project in Canada. Soc Sci Med 2003;56(6):1295-1305.
80. Rosenberg T, Kendall O, Blanchard J. Shigellosis on Indian reserves in Manitoba, Canada: Its relationship to crowded housing, lack of running water, and inadequate sewage disposal. Am J Public Health 1997;87:1547-51.
81. Canadian Aboriginal AIDS Network (CAAN) 2002;1(1):8.
82. Hodgson C. The social and political implications of tuberculosis among Native Canadians. Can Rev Sociol Anthropol 1982;19(4):502-12.
83. National Aboriginal Health Organization. Who's Doing What?: An Environmental Scan of Select Provincial, National and International Health-Related Organizations/Initiatives that May Influence Aboriginal Health Policy. Ottawa: National Aboriginal Health Organization, 2002.
84. First Nations and Inuit Health Branch. First Nations and Inuit Control 2001/2002. Ottawa: Health Canada, 2002. Available at: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fnihb-dgspni/fnihb/bpm/hfa/ fnic_annual_report_2001_2002.htm
85. Culhane Speck D. The Indian Health Transfer Policy: A step in the right direction, or revenge of the hidden agenda? Native Stud Rev 1989;5(1):187-213.
86. Greorgy D, Russel C, Hurd J. Canada's Indian Health Transfer Policy: The Gull Bay Band experience. Hum Organ 1992;51:214-22.
87. McCue D, Wigmore M. No information on forgotten people: How healthy are Aboriginal people who live off reserve? Synergy 1990;3(2):4.
88. Goldenberg A. Urban Aboriginal Health and Governance: Rethinking the Paradigms, Policies and Politics of Community. [MA Thesis] Toronto: York University, 2001.
89. Benoit C. Marginalized Voices from the Downtown Eastside: Aboriginal Women Speak About Their Health Experiences. Toronto: National Network on Environments and Women's Health, 2001.
90. Waldram JB, Layman MM. Health Care in Saskatoon's Inner City: A Comparative Study of Native and Non-native Utilization Patterns. Winnipeg: Institute of Urban Studies, University of Winnipeg, 1989.
91. Smith LT. Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. New York: Zed Books, 1999.
92. Dion Stout M, Kipling GD. Aboriginal Women in Canada: Strategic Research Directions for Policy Development. Ottawa: The Status of Women, 1998. Available on-line at: http://www.swc-cfc.gc.ca.
93. Reading J. Foreword from the CIHR Institute of Aboriginal Peoples' Health. Can J Public Health 2005;96(Suppl 1):S8.
94. National Aboriginal Health Organization, Policy Research Unit, The Inuit, Métis and First Nations Centres. Ways of Knowing: A Framework for Health Research. Ottawa, National Aboriginal Health Organization, 2003. Available on-line at: http://www.naho.ca/english/pdf/research_waysof.pdf
95. Institute of Aboriginal Peoples' Health. Annual Report, 2002-2003. Ottawa: Institute of Aboriginal Peoples' Health, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, 2003. Available on-line at: http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca./e/pdf_24826.htm.