The illicit diamond trade, civil conflicts, and terrorism in Africa

Mediterranean Quarterly

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 52-65

  Ndumbe, J Anyu ^a   Cole, Babalola ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA   (United States)

^b HOWARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIAMOND; POLITICAL CONFLICT; TERRORISM; WAR;

AFRICA; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; WORLD;

EID: 21544451385     PISSN: 10474552     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1215/10474552-16-2-52     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Global Witness, Broken Vows: Exposing the "Loupe" Holes in the Diamond Industry's Effort to Prevent the Trade in Conflict Diamonds (Washington, DC: Global Witness, 2004), 7.
2. Richard Cowen, "Diamonds, Gold, and South Africa," at www.geology.ucdavis.edu.
3. See also "Diamond History," at www.diamondland.be/ contentview.aspx.
4. I b i d.
5. "Rough Trade in Diamonds," OECD Observer, at www.oecdobserver.org/news/fullstory.../Rough_trade_in_diamonds.htm.
6. See also Jayati Ghosh, "Africa's Bloody Diamond Trade," Frontline: India's National Magazine, April 2004, 10-23, at www.flonnet.com/ fl2108/stories/20040423003304700.htm.
7. Global Witness, For a Few Dollars More: How al Qaeda Moved into the Diamond Trade (Washington, DC: Global Witness, 2003), 21.
8. United Nations Security Council, "Report of the Monitoring Mechanism on Sanctions against UNITA Pursuant to Paragraph 6 of Resolution 1374 of 19 October 2001," S/2002/XXXX, New York, UN, April 2002, 15.
9. Janine Ferrell-Roberts, "Glitter and Greed: The Diamond Investigation," at www.macha.f9.co.uk/d_chl_hunt.html.
10. Global Witness, Broken Vows, 8.
11. UN Security Council, 19.
12. Ibid., 24.
13. Ibid., 26.
14. Ibid., 27.
15. "History: Pre-1990s Sierra Leone: A History Linked to Diamonds," at www.cryfreetown.org/pre90s.html.
16. J. Anyu Ndumbe, "Diamonds, Ethnicity, and Power: The Case of Sierra Leone," Mediterranean Quarterly 12, no. 4 (2001): 90-105.
17. Ibid., 92.
18. See also Ian Smillie, Lansana Gberie, and Ralph Hazleton, The Heart of the Matter: Sierra Leone, Diamonds and Human Security (Ottawa: Partnership Africa-Canada, 2000), at www.web.net/pac/pacnet-1.
19. Smillie, Lansana, and Hazleton. See also Ndumbe, 99-100.
20. Ndumbe, 98.
21. Integrated Regional Information Network, Diamond-Fuelled Conflict (New York: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 2000).
22. Douglas Farah, "Al Qaeda Cash Tied to Diamond Trade," Washington Post, 2 November 2001, A10.
23. Douglas Farah and Richard Shultz, "Al Qaeda's Growing Sanctuary," Washington Post, 14 July 2004, A19.
24. Bram Posthumus, Sierra Leone Seeks a Way Out of the Abyss (Utrecht, the Netherlands: European Center for Conflict Prevention, 1999), at www.euforic.org/euconflict/guide/surveys.
25. Margaret Bald, "New Rules to Stem Illegal Diamond Trade," World Press Review, October 2000, 33.
26. Alan Cowell, "Controversy over Diamonds Made into Virtue by De Beers," New York Times, 22 August 2000.
27. Global Witness, Broken Vows, 9.
28. Allan Rock, ambassador of Canada to the UN General Assembly, statement on the role of diamonds in fueling armed conflicts, New York, April 2004, at www.un.int/canada/s-14Apr2004Rock.htm.
29. The proposed rule states that dealers must develop and implement all provisions within ninety days of the rule's coming into effect. See US Treasury Department, "Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, Financial Enforcement Network," 19 February 2003;
30. "Anti-Money Laundering Programs for Dealers in Precious Metals, Stones, or Jewels," Rapaport, 19 February 2003.
31. Merle Almedlda, "India Seminar: Compliance and Consequence," Rapaport, 29 January 2004.