Negotiating order in the policing of youth drinking

Policing

Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 279-300

  Schafer, Joseph A ^a  

^a SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Behaviour; Law enforcement; Youth

Indexed keywords

EID: 21544443896     PISSN: 1363951X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/13639510510597915     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Adler, P.A. and Adler, P. (1994), "Observational techniques", in Denzin, N.K. and Lincoln, Y.S. (Eds), Handbook of Qualitative Research, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, pp. 377-92.
2. Babbie, E. (1986), Observing Ourselves: Essays in Social Research, Waveland, Prospect Heights, IL.
3. Barker, J.C. (1999), Danger, Duty, and Disillusion: The Worldview of Los Angeles Police Officers, Waveland, Prospect Heights, IL.
4. Berg, B.L. (2001), Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences, 4th ed., Allyn & Bacon, Boston, MA.
5. Berkley, B.J. and Thayer, J.R. (2000), "Policing entertainment districts", Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, Vol. 23, pp. 466-91.
6. Bittner, E. (1970), The Functions of the Police in Modern Society, National Institute of Mental Health, Washington, DC.
7. Black, D. (1980), The Manners and Customs of the Police, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
8. Bogomolny, R.L. (1976), "Street patrol: the decision to stop a citizen", Criminal Law Bulletin, Vol. 12, pp. 544-82.
9. Boyd, E., Berk, R. and Hamner, K. (1996), "Motivated by hate or prejudice? Categorization of hate-motivated crimes in two police divisions", Law and Society Review, Vol. 30, pp. 819-50.
10. Brown, M.K. (1988), Working the Street: Police Discretion and the Dilemmas of Reform, Russell Sage Foundation, New York, NY.
11. Campbell, E. (1999), "Towards a sociological theory of discretion", International Journal of the Sociology of Law, Vol. 27, pp. 79-101.
12. Chambers, C.L. (2001), "Police discretion in a small town", Police Practice & Research, Vol. 2, pp. 421-46.
13. Chermak, S., McGarrell, E.F. and Weiss, A. (2001), "Citizens' perceptions of aggressive traffic enforcement strategies", Justice Quarterly, Vol. 18, pp. 365-92.
14. Christensen, W. and Crank, J.P. (2001), "Police work and culture in a non-urban setting: an ethnographic analysis", Police Quarterly, Vol. 4, pp. 69-98.
15. Crank, J.P. (1990), "The influence of environmental and organizational factors on police style in urban and rural police departments", Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, Vol. 27, pp. 166-89.
16. Crank, J.P. (1998), Understanding Police Culture, Anderson, Cincinnati, OH.
17. Engel, R.S. and Calnon, J.M. (2004), "Examining the influence of drivers' characteristics during traffic stops with police: results from a national survey", Justice Quarterly, Vol. 21, pp. 49-90.
18. Engel, R.S., Sobol, J.J. and Worden, R.E. (2000), "Further exploration of the demeanor hypothesis: the interaction effects of suspects' characteristics and demeanor on police behavior", Justice Quarterly, Vol. 17, pp. 235-58.
19. Falcone, D.N., Wells, L.E. and Weisheit, R.A. (2002), "The small-town police department", Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, Vol. 25, pp. 371-84.
20. Feder, L. (1996), "Police handling of domestic calls: the importance of offender's presence in the arrest decision", Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 24, pp. 481-90.
21. Findlay, R.A., Sheehan, M., Davey, J.D., Brodie, H. and Rynne, F. (2000), "Managing alcohol-related incidents: perceptions of police officers", International Journal of Police Science & Management, Vol. 3, pp. 26-39.
22. Fontana, A. and Frey, J.H. (1994), "Interviewing: the art of science", in Denzin, N.K. and Lincoln, Y.S. (Eds), Handbook of Qualitative Research, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, pp. 361-76.
23. Freeman, J.R. (1992), "The social ecology of police discretion", unpublished doctoral dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
24. Fridell, L.A. and Binder, A. (1992), "Police officer decision making in potentially violent confrontations", Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 20, pp. 385-99.
25. Fyfe, J.J., Klinger, D.A. and Flavin, J.M. (1997), "Differential police treatment of male-on-female spousal violence", Criminology, Vol. 35, pp. 455-73.
26. Green, T.M. (1997), "Police as frontline mental health workers: the decision to arrest or refer to mental health agencies", International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, Vol. 20, pp. 469-86.
27. Institute for the Study of Labor and Economic Crisis (1982), The Iron Fist and the Velvet Glove, 3rd ed., Crime and Social Justice Associates, San Francisco, CA.
28. Kane, R.J. (1999), "Patterns of arrest in domestic violence encounters: identifying a police decision-making model", Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 27, pp. 65-79.
29. Katz, C.M. (2001), "The establishment of a police gang unit: an examination of organizational and environmental factors", Criminology, Vol. 39, pp. 37-73.
30. Klinger, D.A. (1994), "Demeanor or crime? Why 'hostile' citizens are more likely to be arrested", Criminology, Vol. 32, pp. 475-93.
31. Klinger, D.A. (1996), "More on demeanor and arrest in Dade County", Criminology, Vol. 34, pp. 61-82.
32. Klinger, D.A. (1997), "Negotiating order in patrol work: an ecological theory of police response to deviance", Criminology, Vol. 35, pp. 277-306.
33. Klockars, C.B. (1985), The Idea of Police, Sage, Newbury Park, CA.
34. Kobler, A.L. (1975), "Police homicide in a democracy", Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 31, pp. 163-84.
35. Koper, C. (1995), "Just enough police presence: reducing crime and disorderly behavior by optimizing patrol time in crime hotspots", Justice Quarterly, Vol. 12, pp. 649-72.
36. LaFave, W. (1965), Arrest: The Decision to Take a Suspect into Custody, Little, Brown and Co., Boston, MA.
37. Lipsky, M. (1980), Street-level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the Individual in Public Service, Russell Sage Foundation, New York, NY.
38. Lundman, R.J. (1979), "Organizational norms and police discretion: an observational study of police work with traffic law violators", Criminology, Vol. 17, pp. 159-71.
39. Maguire, B., Faulkner, W., Mathers, R., Rowland, C. and Wozniak, J.F. (1991), "Rural police job functions", Police Studies, Vol. 14, pp. 180-7.
40. Manning, P.K. (1987), Semiotics and Fieldwork, Sage, Newbury Park, CA.
41. Manning, P.K. (1997), Police Work: The Social Organization of Policing, 2nd ed., Waveland, Prospect Heights, IL.
42. Martin, S.E. (1986), "Policing career criminals: an examination of an innovative crime control program", The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, Vol. 77, pp. 1159-82.
43. Martin, S.E. and Sherman, L.W. (1986), "Selective apprehension: a police strategy for repeat offenders", Criminology, Vol. 21, pp. 155-73.
44. Mastrofski, S.D. and Ritti, R.R. (1992), "You can lead a horse to water... A case study of a police department's response to stricter drunk-driving laws", Justice Quarterly, Vol. 9, pp. 465-91.
45. Mastrofski, S.D., Ritti, R.R. and Hoffmaster, D. (1987), "Organizational determinants of police discretion: the case of drinking-driving", Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 15, pp. 387-402.
46. Mastrofski, S.D., Ritti, R.R. and Snipes, J.B. (1994), "Expectancy theory and police productivity in DUI enforcement", Law & Society Review, Vol. 28, pp. 113-48.
47. Mastrofski, S.D., Worden, R.E. and Snipes, J.B. (1995), "Law enforcement in a time of community policing", Criminology, Vol. 33, pp. 539-63.
48. Mastrofski, S.D., Snipes, J.B., Parks, R.B. and Maxwell, C.D. (2000), "The helping hand of the law: police control of citizens on request", Criminology, Vol. 38, pp. 307-42.
49. Meyers, A.R., Heeren, T. and Hingson, R. (1989), "Discretionary leniency in police enforcement of laws against drinking and driving: two examples from the state of Maine, USA", Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 17, pp. 179-86.
50. Meyers, A.R., Heeren, T., Hingson, R. and Kovenock, D. (1987), "Cops and drivers: police discretion and the enforcement of Maine's 1981 OUI law", Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 15, pp. 361-8.
51. Nastasi, B.K. (1999), "Audiovisual methods in ethnography", in Schensul, J.J., LeCompte, M.D., Nastasi, B.K. and Borgatti, S.P. (Eds), Enhanced Ethnographic Methods: Audiovisual Techniques, Focused Group Interviews, and Elicitation Techniques, AltaMira Press, Walnut Creek, CA, pp. 1-50.
52. Niederhoffer, A. (1967), Behind the Shield: The Police in Urban Society, Doubleday Anchor, New York, NY.
53. Novak, K.J., Frank, J., Smith, B.W. and Engel, R.S. (2002), "Revisiting the decision to arrest: comparing beat and community officers", Crime & Delinquency, Vol. 48, pp. 70-98.
54. Pendleton, M.R. (1998), "Policing the park: understanding soft enforcement", Journal of Leisure Research, Vol. 30, pp. 552-71.
55. Reaves, B.A. and Hart, T.C. (2000), Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics, 1999, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Washington, DC.
56. Reiss, A.J. Jr (1971), Police and the Public, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
57. Riksheim, E.C. and Chermak, S.M. (1993), "Causes of police behavior revisited", Journal of Criminal Justice, Vol. 21, pp. 353-82.
58. Robinson, A.L. and Chandek, M.S. (2000), "The domestic violence arrest decision: examining demographic, attitudinal, and situational variables", Crime & Delinquency, Vol. 46, pp. 18-37.
59. Rubington, E. (1996), "The ethics of 'responsible drinking'", Deviant Behavior, Vol. 17, pp. 319-35.
60. Schellenberg, K. (2000), "Policing the police: surveillance and the predilection for leniency", Criminal Justice and Behavior, Vol. 27, pp. 667-87.
61. Sherman, L. and Rogan, D. (1995), "Deterrent effects of police raids on crack houses: a randomized, controlled experiment", Justice Quarterly, Vol. 12, pp. 755-81.
62. Sherman, L. and Weisburd, D. (1995), "General deterrent effects of police patrol in crime 'hot spots': a randomized, controlled trial", Justice Quarterly, Vol. 12, pp. 625-48.
63. Sims, V. (1988), Small-town and Rural Police, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL.
64. Skogan, W. and Frydl, K. (Eds) (2004), Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing: The Evidence, National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
65. Skolnick, J.H. (1994), Justice without Trial: Law Enforcement in a Democratic Society, 3rd ed., Macmillan, New York, NY.
66. Stalans, L.J. and Finn, M.A. (1995), "How novice and experienced officers interpret wife assaults: normative and efficiency frames", Law & Society Review, Vol. 29, pp. 287-321.
67. Thurman, Q. and McGarrell, E. (Eds) (1997), Community Policing in a Rural Setting, Anderson, Cincinnati, OH.
68. Uviller, H.R. (1984), "The unworthy victim: police discretion in the credibility call", Law & Contemporary Problems, Vol. 47 No. 4, pp. 15-33.
69. Van Maanen, J. (1988), Tales of the Field: On Writing Ethnography, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
70. Walker, S. and Katz, C.M. (1995), "Less than meets the eye: police department bias-crime units", American Journal of Police, Vol. 14 No. 1, pp. 29-48.
71. Wechsler, H., Lee, J.E., Kuo, M. and Lee, H. (2000), "College binge drinking in the 1990s: a continuing problem", Journal of American College Health, Vol. 48, pp. 199-210.
72. Wechsler, H., Dowdall, G.W., Maenner, G., Gledhill-Hoyt, J. and Lee, H. (1998), "Changes in binge drinking and related problems among American college students between 1993 and 1997", Journal of American College Health, Vol. 47, pp. 57-69.
73. Weisheit, R., Falcone, D. and Wells, L. (1999), Crime and Policing in Rural and Small-town America, 2nd ed., Waveland, Prospect Heights, IL.
74. Westley, W.A. (1970), Violence and the Police: A Study of Law, Custom, and Morality, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
75. Wilson, J.Q. and Kelling, G.L. (1982), "Broken windows: the police and neighborhood safety", The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 249 No. 3, pp. 29-38.
76. Worden, R.E. (1989), "Situational and attitudinal explanations of police behavior: a theoretical reappraisal and empirical assessment", Law & Society Review, Vol. 23, pp. 667-711.
77. Worden, R.E. and Shepard, R.L. (1996), "Demeanor, crime, and police behavior: a reexamination of the police services study data", Criminology, Vol. 34, pp. 83-105.