Aerosol particles from tropical convective systems: 2. Cloud bases

Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres

Volumn 110, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 1-12

  Kojima, Tomoko ^a,b   Buseck, Peter R ^a   Reeves, J Michael ^c  

^a ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b KUMAMOTO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c University of Denver   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; TROPICAL REGION;

EID: 21544442839     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2004JD005173     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Andreae, M. O., R. J. Charlson, F. Bruynseels, H. Storms, R. Van Grieken, and W. Maenhaut (1986), Internal mixture of sea salt, silicates, and excess sulfate in marine aerosols, Science, 232, 1620-1623.
2. Bigg, E. K., and C. Leck (2001), Properties of the aerosol over the central Arctic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 32,101-32,109.
3. Buseck, P. R., and M. Pósfai (1999), Airborne minerals and related aerosol particles: Effects on climate and the environment, Proc. Nad. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 96, 3372-3379.
4. 2 in cloud, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 13,985-13,995.
5. Cruz, C. N., and S. N. Pandis (1998), The effect of coatings on the cloud condensation nuclei activation of inorganic atmospheric aerosol, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13,111-13,123.
6. Cziczo, D. J., D. M. Murphy, P. K. Hudson, and D. S. Thomson (2004), Single particle measurements of the chemical composition of cirrus ice residue during CRYSTAL-FACE, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D04201, doi:10.1029/2003JD004032.
7. Ferek, R. J., A. L. Lazrus, and J. W. Winchester (1983), Electron microscopy of acidic aerosols collected over the northeastern United States, Atmos. Environ., 17, 1545-1561.
8. Fridlind, A. M., et al. (2004), Evidence for the predominance of mid-tropospheric aerosols as subtropical anvil cloud nuclei, Science, 304, 718-722.
9. Hegg, D. A., and P. V. Hobbs (1982), Measurements of sulfate production in natural clouds, Atmos. Environ., 16, 2663-2668.
10. Horvath, L., E. Meszaros, E. Antal, and A. Simon (1981), On the sulfate, chloride, and sodium concentration in maritime air around the Asian continent, Tellus, 33, 382-386.
11. Hudson, P. K., D. M. Murphy, D. J. Cziczo, D. S. Thomson, J. A. de Gouw, C. Warneke, J. Holloway, H.-J. Jost, and G. Hübler (2004), Biomass burning particle measurements: Characteristic composition and chemical processing, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23S27, doi: 10.1029/ 2003JD004398.
12. Ishizaka, Y., and G.-W. Qian (1994), Mixtures of niterate and sulfate in individual particles in acidic fogs, Atmos. Res., 31, 147-156.
13. Isono, K. (1955), On ice-crystal nuclei and other substances found in snow crystals, J. Meteorol., 12, 456-461.
14. Isono, K., M. Kobayashi, T. Takeda, T. Tanaka, K. Iwai, and M. Fujiwara (1971), Concentration and nature of ice nuclei in rim of the North Pacific Ocean, Tellus, 23, 40-59.
15. Jensen, E., D. Starr, and 0. B. Toon (2004), Mission investigates tropical cirrus clouds, Eos Trans. AGU, 85(5), 45, 50.
16. Kojima, T., P. R. Buseck, J. C. Wilson, and J. M. Reeves (2004), Aerosol particles from tropical convective systems: 1. Cloud tops and cirrus anvils, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D12201, doi:10.1029/2003JD004504.
17. Krumgalz, B. S., A. Starinsky, and K. S. Pitzer (1999), Ion-interaction approach: Pressure effect on the solubility of some minerals in submarine brines and seawater, J. Solution Chem., 28, 667-692.
18. Kumai, M. (1961), Snow crystals and the identification of nuclei in the northern U. S. A., J. Meteorol., 18, 139-150.
19. Kumai, M. (1976), Identification of nuclei and concentrations of chemical species in snow crystals sampled at the South Pole, J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 833-841.
20. Levin, Z., C. Price, and E. Ganor (1990), The contribution of sulfate and desert aerosols to the acidification of clouds and rain in Israel, Atmos. Environ., Part A, 24, 1143-1151.
21. Li, J., J. R. Anderson, and P. R. Buseck (2003a), TEM study of aerosol particles from clean and polluted marine boundary layers over the north Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D6), 4189, doi:10.1029/ 2002JD002106.
22. Li, J., M. Pósfai, P. V. Hobbs, and P. R. Buseck (2003b), Individual aerosol particles from biomass burning in southern Africa: 2. Compositions and aging of inorganic particles, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (DI3), 8484, doi:10.1029/2002JD002310.
23. McInnes, L. M., D. S. Covert, P. K. Quinn, and M. S. Germani (1994), Measurements of chloride depletion and sulfur enrichment in individual sea-salt particles collected from the remote marine boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 8257-8268.
24. McInnes, L. M., D. S. Covert, and B. Baker (1997), The number of sea-salt, sulfate, and carbonaceous particles in the marine atmosphere: EM measurements consistent with the ambient size distribution, Tellus, Ser. B, 49, 300-313.
25. Mouri, H., and K. Okada (1993), Shattering and modification of sea-salt particles in the marine atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 49-52.
26. Mouri, H., K. Okada, and K. Shigehara (1993), Variation of Mg, S, K and Ca contents in individual sea-salt particles, Tellus, Ser. B, 45, 80-85.
27. Murphy, D. M., J. R. Anderson, P. K. Quinn, L. M. McInnes, F. J. Brechtel, S. M. Kreidenweis, A. M. Middlebrook, M. Pósfai, D. S. Thomson, and P. R. Buseck (1998), Influence of sea-salt on aerosol radiative properties in the Southern Ocean marine boundary layer, Nature, 392, 62-65.
28. Murphy, D. M., D. J. Cziczo, P. K. Hudson, D. S. Thomson, J. C. Wilson, T. Kojima, and P. R. Buseck (2004), Particle generation and resuspention in aircraft inlets when flying in clouds, Atmos. Sci. Technol., 38 , 400-408.
29. Murty, A. S. R., and B. H. V. R. Marty (1972), Freezing characteristics of rain water drops with different solutes and their implication on anomalous ice crystal concentration in clouds, Tellus, 24, 150-160.
30. O'Dowd, C. D., J. A. Lowe, M. H. Smith, and A. D. Kaye (1999a), The relative importance of sea-salt and nss-sulphate aerosol to the marine CCN population: An improved multi-component aerosol droplet parameterization, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 125, 1295-1313.
31. O'Dowd, C. D., J. A. Lowe, M. H. Smith, and A. D. Kaye (1999b), Coupling sea-salt and sulphate interactions and its impact on cloud droplet concentration predictions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1311-1314.
32. Parungo, F. P., C. T. Nagamoto, and J. M. Harris (1986), Temporal and spatial variations of marine aerosols over the Atlantic Ocean, Atmos. Res., 20, 23-37.
33. Pósfai, M., J. R. Anderson, and P. R. Buseck (1995), Compositional variations of sea-salt-mode aerosol particles from the North Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 23,063-23,074.
34. Pósfai, M., J. R. Anderson, P. R. Buseck, and H. Sievering (1999), Soot and sulfate aerosol particles in the remote marine troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 21,685-21,693.
35. Pósfai, M., J. Li, J. R. Anderson, and P. R. Buseck (2003), Aerosol bacteria over the Southern Ocean during ACE-1, Atmos. Res., 66, 231-240.
36. Pruppacher, H. R., and J. D. Klett (1997), Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation, Springer, New York.
37. Rosenfeld, D., R. Lahav, A. Khain, and M. Pinsky (2002), The role of sea spray in cleansing air pollution over ocean via cloud processes, Science, 297, 1667-1670.
38. Rosinski, J., P. L. Haagenson, C. T. Nagamoto, and F. Parango (1987), Nature of ice-forming nuclei in marine air masses, J. Aerosol Sci., 18, 291-309.
39. Rucklidge, J. (1965), The examination by electron microscope of ice crystal nuclei from cloud chamber experiments, J. Atmos. Sci., 22, 301-308.
40. Sassen, K., P. J. DeMott, J. M. Prospero, and M. R. Poellot (2003), Saharan dust storms and indirect aerosol effects on clouds: CRYSTAL-FACE results, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(12), 1633, doi:10.1029/ 2003GL017371.
41. Saxena, P., L. M. Hildemann, P. H. McMurry, and J. H. Seinfeld (1995), Organic alter hygroscopic behavior of atmospheric particles, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 18,755-18,770.
42. Schnell, R. C., and G. Vali (1976), Biogenic ice nuclei: Part I. Terrestrial and marine sources, J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1554-1564.
43. Shulman, M. L., M. C. Jacobson, R. J. Carlson, R. E. Synovec, and T. E. Young (1996), Dissolution behavior and surface tension effects of organic compounds in nucleating cloud droplets, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 277-280.
44. 2 in sea-salt aerosol water: Size distribution of non-sea-salt sulfate during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1), J. Geophys. Res., 104, 21,707-21,717.
45. VanReken, T. M., T. A. Rissman, G. C. Roberts, V. Varutbangkul, H. H. Jonsson, R. C. Flagan, and J. H. Seinfeld (2003), Toward aerosol/cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) closure during CRYSTAL-FACE, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D20), 4633, doi:10.1029/2003JD003582.
46. Yin, Y., Z. Levin, T. G. Reisin, and S. Tzivion (2000), The effects of giant cloud condensation nuclei on the development of precipitation in convective clouds-A numerical study, Atmos. Res., 53, 91-116.
47. 2O particles with mineral dust immersions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(10), 1504, doi:10.1029/2001GL014289.