Losing power in Russia

Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics

Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 200-222

  Kryshtanovskaya, Ol'ga ^a   White, Stephen ^b  

^a INSTITUTE OF SOCIOLOGY   (Russian Federation)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

POLITICAL POWER;

EASTERN HEMISPHERE; EURASIA; RUSSIAN FEDERATION; WORLD;

EID: 21444445029     PISSN: 13523279     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13523270500108725     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Downward political mobility has so far received little attention in the literature on Soviet or post-communist Russian politics, but see for instance, David C. Brooker, 'How They Leave: A Comparison of How the First Presidents of the Soviet Successor States Left Office', Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, Vol.20, No.4 (2004), pp.61-78;
2. and from elsewhere in the communist world, Zhiyue Bo, Chinese Provincial Leaders: Economic Performance and Political Mobility since 1949 (Armonk, NY: Sharpe, 2002), esp. pp.86-9.
3. Some of our own earlier findings were reported in O.V. Kryshtanovskaya, 'Byvshie. Tendentsii niskhodyashchei mobil'nosti rossiiskoi elity', Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost', No.5 (2003), pp.33-9, and No.6 (2003), pp.62-77.
4. The financial support of the UK Economic and Social Research Council under grant RES-000-22-0127 is gratefully acknowledged.
5. Ot pervogo litsa. Razgovory s Vladimirom Putinym (Moscow: Vagrius, 2000), p.47.
6. 'Elite' has been defined in the Russian sociological literature as a 'group of people of high social position arising from outstanding professional and personal qualities and achievements, or having received their status and social position as a result of inheritance or advancement within a closed elite group', G.K. Ashin et al., Osnovy politicheskoi elitologii (Moscow: Prior, 1999), p.301.
7. Designations of this kind have not been universally accepted: see for instance, Zh.T. Zoshchenko, 'Elita? Klany? Kasty? Kliki? Kak nazvat' tekh, kto pravit nami?, Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya, No.11 (1999), pp.123-33.
8. This was, in effect, the 'circular flow of power' set out by Robert V. Daniels, 'Soviet Politics Since Khrushchev', in John W. Strong (ed.), The Soviet Union under Brezhnev and Kosygin (New York: Van Nostrand, 1971), pp.16-25.
9. Calculated from Politbyuro (Prezidium) TsK partii v 1917-1989 gg.: Personalii (Moscow: VKSh pri TsK VLKSM, 1990).
10. Calculated from V.I. Ivkin (ed.), Gosudarstvennaya vlast' SSSR. Vysshie organy vlasti i upravleniya i ikh rukovoditeli. 1923-1991 gg. Istoriko-biograficheskii spravochnik (Moscow: Rosspen, 1999), pp.23-187.
11. 'Interview with Mikhail Gorbachev', BBC News, 15 Sept. 2000, .
12. We rely at this point on our interviews with the Brezhnev-period Central Committee membership.
13. Slovar' inostrannykh slov (Moscow: Russkii yazyk, 1989), p.467.
14. See Evan Mawdsley and Stephen White, The Soviet Elite from Lenin to Gorbachev (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), pp.xi-xii; a 'fourth generation', born after 1940, was just beginning to establish its position at the time of the 1990 party congress.
15. Evan Mawdsley and Stephen White, 'Renewal and Dead Souls: The Changing Soviet Central Committee', British Journal of Political Science, Vol.20, No.4 (1990), pp.537-42.
16. Calculated from Izvestiya TsK KPSS, No.2 (1989), pp.43-114; No.5 (1989), pp.47-53; and No.6 (1989), pp.21-70.
17. Viacheslav Kostikov, Roman s prezidentom (Moscow: Vagrius, 1997), p.271.
18. Calculated from M. Makfol and N. Petrov (eds.), Politicheskii al'manakh Rossii 1997, Vol.1 (Moscow: Carnegie, 1998), pp.606-10.
19. We draw at this point on the database of the Department of Elite Studies, Institute of Sociology, Russian Academy of Sciences.
20. See Vybory glav ispolnitel'noi vlasti sub" ektov Rossiiskoi Federatsii. 1995-1997. Elektoral'naya statistika (Moscow: TsIK RF, 1997), p. 17.
21. The texts appeared respectively in Izvestiya, 30 April 1993, pp.3-5 (art. 71), and 28 Dec. 1993, pp.4-6.
22. Sobranie aktov Prezidenta i pravitel'stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii, No.52, item 5073, 22 Dec. 1993.
23. Sovremennaya politicheskaya istoriya (1985-1999 gody). Vol. 2: Litsa Rossii (Moscow: RAU-Korporatsiya, 2000), p.1000;
24. P. Gazukin et al., Pravitel'stvo Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Biograficheskii spravochnik (Moscow: Panorama, 1995), pp.61-2.
25. Sovremennaya politicheskaya istoriya, p.143.
26. Ibid., p.114.
27. Ivkin (ed.), Gosudarstvennaya vlast', p.428.
28. Ibid., p.459.
29. Sovremennaya politicheskaya istoriya, p.404.
30. Kto yest'kto v Rossii i blizhnem zarubezh'e (Moscow: Novoe vremya, 1993), passim.
31. Sovremennaya politicheskaya istoriya, p.163.
32. Sobranie zakonodatel'stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii, 31/1995 item 2990, 31 July 1995.
33. Litsa Rossii, p.12.
34. Kommersant-vlast', 26 Feb. 2002, p.48.
35. Ibid., p.42.