Enron, a perceived crisis in public confidence, and the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002

Review of Policy Research

Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 233-252

  Cigler, Allan J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTORAL SYSTEM; LEGISLATION; POLITICAL REFORM; POLITICAL SYSTEM;

NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 2142813015     PISSN: 1541132X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-1338.2004.00071.x     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. ABC News. (2000). Public opinion on campaign finance. Retrieved from http://www.igs.berkeley.edu.8880/ research_programs/CRF/Basics/opinion.html [accessed September 2000].
2. Alexander, H. E. (2003). The political process after the Bipartisan Campaign Act of 2002. Election Law Journal, 2, 47-54.
3. Baumgartner, F. R., & Jones, B. D. (1993). Agendas and instability in American politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
4. Birnbaum, J.H., & Murray, A. S. (1987). Showdown at Gucci Gulch. New York: Random House.
5. Borger, J., & Teather, D. (2002). As Enron scandal spreads, US starts to question cash for influence culture. Guardian Unlimited. Retrieveved from http://www.guradian.co.uk/enron/story/ 0.11337.63416400.html [accessed March 2003].
6. Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1.
7. Bush, G. W. (2000). Campaign finance reform. Retrieved January 16, 2002 from http://www.georgebush.com/issues/campaignfin.html [accessed May 2001].
8. Center for Responsive Politics. (2000). "Top soft money donors: 2000 election · cycle Retrieved from http://www.opensecrets.org/parties/asp/.softtop.asp?txtCycle= 2000&txtSort.anmt. [accessed May 2001].
9. Cigler, A. J. (2000). The 1998 Kansas Third District congressional race. In D. B. Magelby, (Ed.). Outside money (pp. 77-92). Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
10. Cigler, A. J. (2002). Interest groups and financing the 2000 elections. In D. B. Magelby, (Ed.). Financing the 2000 election (pp. 163-187). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
11. Collier, G. (2002). Guard against future Enrons with campaign reform. Pittsburgh Post-Gazetter.com. Retrieved from http://www.post-gazette.com/columnists/20020123p.l.asp [accessed March 2003].
12. Cochran, J. (2001a). Demand for voting system overhaul may stall House Campaign Finance Bill. Congressional Quarterly Weekly, 59, 108-109.
13. Cochran, J. (2001b). Rival campaign finance bills' prospects in House may hinge on allaying Black Caucus' concerns. Congressional Quarterly Weekly, 59, 1947.
14. Conway, M. M., Green, J. C., & Currinder, M. (2002). Interest group money in elections. In A. J. Cigler & B. A. Loomis (Eds.). Interest group politics (6th ed.). Washington, DC: CQ Press.
15. Corrado, A. (1997a). A history of federal campaign finance law. In A. Corrado,T. Mann, D. Ortiz,T. Potter & F. Sorauf (Eds.). Campaign finance reform: A sourcebook (pp. 41-62). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
16. Corrado, A. (1997b). Financing the 1996 elections. In G. Pomper (Ed.). The election of 1996 (pp. 135-171). Chatham, NJ: Chatham House.
17. Corrado, A. (2000). Campaign finance reform. New York: Century Foundation Press.
18. Corrado, A. (2001). Financing the 2000 election. In G. Pomper (Ed.). The election of 2000 (pp. 92-124). Chatham. NJ: Chatham House.
19. th Congress. Extensions: A Journal of the Carl Albert Congressional Research and Studies Center (spring), 9-12.
20. Dwyre, D., & Kolodny, R. (2002). Throwing out the rule book: Party financing off the 2000 election. In D. Magelby (Ed.). Financing the 2000 election, (pp. 133-162). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
21. Falk, E. (2000). Issue advocacy advertising through the presidential primary system. Press release retrieved from http://www.appcpenn.org/issuea/forjs/2000issuead.htm [accessed May 2001)
22. Feinberg, L. (2002). The Enron scandal: The real crime. Retrieved from http://www.home.clear.net.nz/pages/cpa/news/enron.htm. [accessed December 2002].
23. Feingold, R. (2002). Campaign-finance reform? Think Enron. Retrieved from http://www.counterpunch.org/feingold.html [accessed March 2003].
24. Foerstel, K. (2002a). Campaign finance bill finds new energy in Enron ruins. Congressional Quarterly Weekly, 60, 168-170.
25. Foerstel, K. (2002b). Campaign finance passage ends a political odyssey. Congressional Quarterly Weekly, 60, 799-803
26. Foerstel, K. (2002c). Opponents of Shays-Meehan bet it all on a conference. Congressional Quarterly Weekly, 60, 393-395.
27. Foerstel, K. (2002d). Daschle trying to beat the clock on campaign finance bill. Congressional Quarterly Weekly, 60, 636-637.
28. Foerstel, K. (2002e). As groups file lawsuits, Bush spurns signing ceremony for "flawed" fundraising law. Congressional Quarterly Weekly, 60, 868.
29. Fox News. (2000). Poll retrieved from http://www.igs.berkeley.edu:8880/research_programs/CRF/Basics/ opinion.html [accessed March 2003].
30. Fox News. (2002a). Enron Corp., social security. Retrieved from http://www.nationaljournal.com/members/ polltrack/2002/today/02/0205f. [accessed March 2003].
31. Fox News. (2002b, February 14). President Bush remained noncommital. Retrieved from http://www.foxnews.com/story/ 0.2933.45526.00.html [accessed February 2003].
32. Green, M. (2002). Selling out. New York: Regan Books.
33. Gerber, R. (1998). Building to win, building to last: The AFL-CIO COPE takes on the Republican Congress. In R. Biersack, P. S. Herrnson, & C. Wilcox (Eds.). After the revolution: PACs and lobbies in the Republican Congress. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
34. Guth, J. L., Kellstedt, L. A., Smidt, C. E., & Green, J. C. (1998). In Allan J. Cigler & Burdett A. Loomis (Eds.). Interest group politics (5th ed.) (pp. 169-192). Washington: CQ Press.
35. Gutman, H. (2002). Enron scandal: The long, winding trail. Retrieved front http://www.commondreams.org/views.02/0216-01.htm [accessed March 2003].
36. Handle, J. (2002). What's next for reform. Democracy matters. Retrieved from http://www.democracymatters.org/ResearchCenter/Money/ Whatsnext.htI [accessed March 2003].
37. Heclo, H. (1978). Issue networks and the execute establishment. In A. King (Ed.). The new American political system (pp. 87-124). Washington, DC: The American Enterprise Institute.
38. Herrnson, P.S. (1997). Congressional elections: Campaigning home and in Washington. Washington, DC: CQ Press.
39. Herrnson, (1998). Parties and interest groups in postreform congressional elections. In A. J. Cigler & B. A. Loomis (Eds.). Interest group politics (5th ed) (pp. 145-167). Washington, DC: CQ Press.
40. Holt, M. (1998). The surge in party money in competitive 1998 congressional elections. In D. Magleby (Ed). Outside money (pp. 17-40). Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
41. Keefe, W. J., & Hetherington, M. J. (2003). Parties, politics, and public policy in America. Washington, DC: CQ Press.
42. Keen, J. (2002, January 14) Enron poses a touchy subject for both parties. U.S.A. Today, 4A.
43. Kingdon, J. W. (2003). Agendas, alternatives, and public policies (2nd ed.). New York: Longman.
44. Lynch, D. (2002). Enron fiasco aids campaign fianance. Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/02/22/opinion/lynch/ main501947/shtml [accessed March 2003].
45. Malbin, M. J. (Ed.). (2003). Life After reform: When the bipartisan campaign act meets politics. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
46. Mann, T. E. (2003). Linking knowledge and action: Political science and campaign finance reform. Perspectives on Politics, 1, 69-83.
47. McFarland, A. S. (1984). Common cause. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House.
48. McFarland, A. S. (2002). A high-stakes election. In David B. Magleby (Ed.). Financing the 2000 election (pp. 1-21). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
49. McFarland, A. S. (2000). Interest group election ads. In David B. Magleby (Ed.). Outside money: Soft money and issue advocacy in the 1998 congressional elections (pp. 41-62). Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
50. Michell, A. (2000, February 10). Bush and McCain exchange sharp words over fund-raising. New York Times, A26.
51. Nather, D. (2002). Campaign finance finale puts McConnell on the spot. Congressional Quarterly Weekly, 60, 527-528.
52. Nelson, C. J. (2002). Spending in the 2000 elections. In David B. Magleby (Ed.). Financing the 2000 Election (pp. 22-48). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
53. NewsMax.com. (2001). McCain introduces campaign finance "reform" bill. Retrieved from http://www.newsmax.com/articles/articles/2001/l/22/152218.shtml [accessed March 2003].
54. Public Campaign, (2002). Ouch#91. Retrieved from http://www.publicampaign.org/ouch01_11_02/htm. [accessed March 2003].
55. Raasch, C. (2002). Enron just enough to turn reform dream into reality. Retreived from http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/raasch/r132.htm. [accessed March 2003].
56. Sabato, L. J. (1984). PAC power: Inside the world political action committees. New York: Norton.
57. Sorauf, F. J. (1988). Money in American elections. Boston: Scott Foresman.
58. Taylor, A., & Willis, D. (2001). As campaign finance debate nears, maneuvers-and-worries-intensify. Congressional Quarterlỳ Weekly, 59, 591-596.
59. Thayer, G. (1973). Who shakes the money tree. New York: Simon and Schuster
60. Weiss, S. (2001). The fall of a giant: Enron's campaign contributions and lobbying. Money and Politics Alert, 6, 31. Retrieved from http://.www.opensecrets.org/news/enron/ [accessed March 2003].
61. Willis, D. (2002). Broad coalition of groups opposes curb on issue ads in McCain-Feingold bill. Congressional Quarterly Weekly, 60, 478.