No evidence of an association between transient HIV viremia ("blips") and lower adherence to the antiretroviral medication regimen

Journal of Infectious Diseases

Volumn 189, Issue 8, 2004, Pages 1487-1496

  Miller, Loren G ^a,c   Golin, Carol E ^d   Liu, Honghu ^c   Hays, Ron D ^c   Hua, Jenna ^a,b   Wenger, Neil S ^c   Kaplan, Andrew H ^d  

^a HARBOR UCLA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b El Camino College   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; VIRUS RNA;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSE RESPONSE; FEMALE; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MALE; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RNA ANALYSIS; SCORING SYSTEM; VIREMIA; VIRUS LOAD;

ADULT; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COHORT STUDIES; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; VIRAL LOAD; VIREMIA;

EID: 2142811002     PISSN: 00221899     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/382895     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Sklar PA, Ward DJ, Baker RK, et al. Prevalence and clinical correlates of HIV viremia ('blips') in patients with previous suppression below the limits of quantification. AIDS 2002; 16:2035-41.
2. Moore AL, Youle M, Lipman M, et al. Raised viral load in patients with viral suppression on highly active antiretroviral therapy: transient increase or treatment failure? AIDS 2002; 16:615-8.
3. Havlir DV, Bassett R, Levitan D, et al. Prevalence and predictive value of intermittent viremia with combination HIV therapy. JAMA 2001; 286:171-9.
4. Greub G, Cozzi-Lepri A, Ledergerber B, et al. Intermittent and sustained low-level HIV viral rebound in patients receiving potent antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2002; 16:1967-9.
5. Havlir D, Bassett R, DeGruttola V, Hammer S, Gulick R, Mellors J. Are episodes of transient viremia ("blips" in HIV RNA) predictive of virologic failure in heavily treatment-experienced patients? In: Program and abstracts of the 9th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (Seattle) Alexandria, VA: Foundation for Retrovirology and Human Health, 2002.
6. Cohen Stuart JW, Wensing AM, Kovacs C, et al. Transient relapses ("blips") of plasma HIV RNA levels during HAART are associated with drug resistance. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2001; 28:105-13.
7. Mira JA, Macias J, Nogales C, et al. Transient rebounds of low-level viraemia among HIV-infected patients under HAART are not associated with virological or immunological failure. Antivir Ther 2002; 7: 251-6.
8. Garcia F, Plana M, Vidal C, et al. Dynamics of viral load rebound and immunological changes after stopping effective antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 1999; 13:F79-86.
9. Fischer M, Hafner R, Schneider C, et al. HIV RNA in plasma rebounds within days during structured treatment interruptions. AIDS 2003; 17: 195-9.
10. Frost SD, Martinez-Picado J, Ruiz L, Clotet B, Brown AJ. Viral dynamics during structured treatment interruptions of chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J Virol 2002; 76:968-79.
11. Pillay D. HIV viral load: the myth of the undetectable? Rev Med Virol 2002; 12:391-6.
12. Katzenstein TL, Ullum H, Roge BT, et al. Virological and immunological profiles among patients with undetectable viral load followed prospectively for 24 months. HIV Med 2003; 4:53-61.
13. Liu H, Golin CE, Miller LG, et al. A comparison study of multiple measures of adherence to HIV protease inhibitors. Ann Int Med 2001; 134:968-77.
14. Miller LG, Liu H, Hays RD, et al. How well do clinicians estimate patients' adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy? J Gen Intern Med 2002; 17:1-11.
15. Golin CE, Liu H, Hays RD, et al. A prospective study of predictors of adherence to combination antiretroviral medication. J Gen Intern Med 2002; 17:756-65.
16. Palella FJ Jr, Chmiel JS, Moorman AC, Holmberg SD. Durability and predictors of success of highly active antiretroviral therapy for ambulatory HIV-infected patients. AIDS 2002; 16:1617-26.
17. Grabar S, Pradier C, Le Corfec E, et al. Factors associated with clinical and virological failure in patients receiving a triple therapy including a protease inhibitor. AIDS 2000; 14:141-9.
18. Girard PM, Guiguet M, Bollens D, et al. Long-term outcome and treatment modifications in a prospective cohort of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients on triple-drug antiretroviral regimens. Triest Cohort Investigators. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31:987-94.
19. Paredes R, Mocroft A, Kirk O, et al. Predictors of virological success and ensuing failure in HIV-positive patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy in Europe: results from the EuroSIDA study. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160:1123-32.
20. Phillips AN, Staszewski S, Lampe F, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus rebound after suppression to <400 copies/mL during initial highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens, according to prior nucleoside experience and duration of suppression. J Infect Dis 2002; 186:1086-91.
21. Mocroft APA, Ruiz L, Reiss P, et al. Virological rebound after suppression on highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2003; 17:1741-51.
22. Vrijens B, Gross R, Goethebeur E, de Klerk E, Urquhart J. Dose timing information improves the clinical explanatory power of data on patient compliance with antiretroviral drug regimens. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Symposium on Measurement of Kinetics of In Vivo Drug Effects (Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands). 2002.
23. Diggle PJ, Liang KY, Zeger SL. Analysis of longitudinal data. Oxford: Oxford Scientific Publications, 1994.
24. Liard NM, Ware JH. Random-effects models for longitudinal data. Biometrics 1982; 38:963-74.
25. Paterson DL, Swindells S, Mohr J, et al. Adherence to protease inhibitor therapy and outcomes in patients with HIV infection. Ann Intern Med 2000; 133:21-30.
26. Bangsberg DR, Hecht FM, Clague H, et al. Provider assessment of adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2001; 26:435-42.
27. Zeichner SL, Mueller BU, Pizzo PA, Dimitrov DS. Kinetics of HIV-1 RNA concentration changes in pediatric patients. Pathobiology 1996; 64: 289-94.
28. Crowe SM, Sonza S. HIV-1 can be recovered from a variety of cells including peripheral blood monocytes of patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: a further obstacle to eradication. J Leukoc Biol 2000; 68:345-50.
29. Dybul M, Daucher M, Jensen MA, et al. Genetic characterization of rebounding human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in plasma during multiple interruptions of highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Virol 2003; 77:3229-37.
30. Rasheed S. Infectivity and dynamics of HIV type 1 replication in the blood and reproductive tract of HIV type 1-infected women. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1998; 14(Suppl 1):S105-18.
31. Anton PA, Mitsuyasu RT, Deeks SG, et al. Multiple measures of HIV burden in blood and tissue are correlated with each other but not with clinical parameters in aviremic subjects. AIDS 2003; 17:53-63.
32. Sun R, Ku J, Jayakar H, et al. Ultrasensitive reverse transcription-PCR assay for quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:2964-9.
33. Owens DK, Holodniy M, Garber AM, et al. Polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults: a meta-analysis with recommendations for clinical practice and study design. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124:803-15.
34. Freilich MA, Katz RV. Combined use of intersubject and intrasubject controls to distinguish treatment versus patient effect in retrospective studies. Int J Prosthodont 1991; 4:482-6.
35. Van Wijngaerden E, De Saar V, De Graeve V, et al. Nonadherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: clinically relevant patient categorization based on electronic event monitoring. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2002; 18:327-30.