Religion and the rise of liberalism: The first disestablishment campaign in Scotland, 1829-1843

Journal of Ecclesiastical History

Volumn 48, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 682-704

  Brown, Stewart J ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 2142784893     PISSN: 00220469     EISSN: 14697637     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0022046900013464     Document Type: Review

References (93)

1. J. Cairns, Memoir of John Brown, Edinburgh 1869, 198-9
2. In his opening address as a Moderator of the Free Church General Assembly, Thomas Chalmers proclaimed that the new Church was not Voluntary and would have no fellowship with the Voluntaries: W. Hanna, Memoirs of Dr Chalmers, Edinburgh 1849-53, iv. 348
3. 30 Mar. 1838, Hansard's parliamentary debates, 3rd ser. xliii, col. 112
4. 'Controversy on establishments', Eclectic Review 3rd ser. x (July 1833), 70
5. E. Halévy, A history of the English people 1830-1841, trans. E. I. Watkin, London 1927, 137
6. J. B. Mackie, Life and work of Duncan McLaren, London 1888, i. 167
7. I. A. Muirhead, 'Catholic emancipation: Scottish reactions in 1829', Innes Review xxiv (1972), 26-42
8. I. A. Muirhead, 'Catholic emancipation in Scotland: the debate and the aftermath', Innes Review xxiv (1973), 103-20
9. W. Ferguson, 'The Reform Act (Scotland) of 1832: intention and effect', Scottish Historical Review xlv (1966), 105-14
10. R. Brent, Liberal Anglican politics: Whiggery, religion and reform 1830-1841, Oxford 1987, 65-103
11. G. I. T. Machin, Politics and the Churches in Great Britain 1832 to 1868, Oxford 1977, 114
12. C. G. Brown, The social history of religion in Scotland since 1730, London 1987, 61-2
13. Machin, Politics and the Churches, 114
14. R. Wardlaw, Speech...at the public meeting in Glasgow, for the separation of Church and state, March 6, 1834, Glasgow 1834, 28
15. A. Marshall, Ecclesiastical establishments considered: a sermon, preached on the evening of Thursday, 9th April, 1829, in Greyfriars Church, Glasgow, Glasgow 1829
16. Edinburgh Christian Instructor xxviii (Aug. 1829), 569-95
17. J. Inglis, A vindication of ecclesiastical establishments, Edinburgh 1833
18. J. McKerrow, History of the Secession Church, Edinburgh 1854, 726-9
19. A. B. Montgomery, 'The Voluntary Controversy in the Church of Scotland, 1829-1843', unpubl. PhD diss. Edinburgh 1953, 9-39
20. United Secession Magazine iii (May 1835), 193
21. Voluntary Church Magazine i (Sept. 1833), 320-4
22. Scottish Guardian, 29 Mar. 1833
23. D. McLaren, History of the resistance to the Annuity Tax, Edinburgh 1836
24. J. C. Williams, 'Edinburgh politics: 1832-1852', unpubl. PhD diss. Edinburgh 1972, 26-30
25. McLaren, Annuity Tax, 30
26. Williams, 'Edinburgh politics', 27-8, 30
27. Journal of Henry Cockburn, Edinburgh 1874, i. 51
28. Henry Cockburn to Thomas Chalmers, 22 Apr. 1833, Thomas Chalmers papers, New College Library (hereinafter cited as NCL), CHA4.202.18
29. Scotsman 22 June, 13, 17 July 1833
30. Scotsman, 25 Jan. 1834
31. Hanna, Memoirs of Dr Chalmers, iii. 421-34
32. Eclectic Review 3rd ser x (July 1833), 70-1
33. Wardlaw, Speech...for the separation of Church and state, 13
34. Montgomery, 'Voluntary controversy', 15-21
35. H. Heugh, Considerations on civil establishments of religion, Glasgow 1833, 40-62
36. Heugh, Considerations, 25
37. A. Marshall, Ecclesiastical establishments farther considered, Glasgow 1831, 28-9
38. J. Skinner, The Scottish endowment question, ecclesiastical and educational, Glasgow 1838, 11
39. 'The Scottish Church Extension scheme', Eclectic Review n.s. iii (Apr. 1838), 438
40. H. M. MacGill, The life of Hugh Heugh, Edinburgh 1852, 255-8
41. W. H. Mackintosh, Disestablishment and liberation: the movement for the separation of the Anglican Church from state control, London 1972, 5-7
42. Eclectic Review n.s. i (Sept. 1833), 321
43. S. J. Brown, Thomas Chalmers and the godly commonwealth in Scotland, Oxford 1982, 228-36
44. R. M. W. Cowan, The newspaper in Scotland, Glasgow 1946, 227
45. Sir Robert Peel to T. Chalmers, 24 Jan. 1835, Peel papers, BL, MS Add. 40411, fo. 200. See also Peel's defence of establishments in his speech in Glasgow in Jan. 1837: G. Kitson Clark, Peel and the Conservative party, 2nd edn, London 1964, 328-9
46. T. Chalmers, First report of the Committee of the General Assembly on Church Extension, Edinburgh 1835, 1-16
47. Williams, 'Edinburgh politics', 17-19, 150-1
48. Mackie, Life and work of Duncan McLaren, i. 170
49. A. Black, The Church its own enemy, 3rd edn, Edinburgh 1835
50. See also the review in the Scotsman, 6 May 1835
51. Edinburgh Voluntary Churchman no. 1 (Aug. 1835), 18
52. speech by Gillon, 3 Apr. 1835, Hansard 3rd ser. xxvii, col. 783
53. W. Malcolm to T. Chalmers, 8 Apr. 1835, Thomas Chalmers papers, NCL, CHA4.23g.75
54. R. Rainy and J. Mackenzie, Life of William Cunningham, London 1871, 89
55. Tait's Edinburgh Magazine n.s. ii. (Oct. 1835), 631-41
56. Edinburgh Voluntary Churchman no. 3 (Oct. 1835), 71; no. 4 (Nov. 1835), 73-8
57. D. Aitken to Lord Minto, 25 Sept. 1835, Minto papers, National Library of Scotland [hereinafter cited as NLS], MS I 1802, fo. 16
58. Voluntary Church Magazine iii (Sept. 1835), 385-7
59. Brown, Thomas Chalmers, 250-3
60. Edinburgh Voluntary Churchman no. 5 (Dec. 1835), 112-14
61. John Hope to Lord Aberdeen, 24 Aug. 1835, Aberdeen papers, BL, MS Add. 43202, fo. 120
62. John Hope to Thomas Chalmers, 24 Aug. 1835, Thomas Chalmers papers, NCL, CHA4.237.75
63. Skinner, The Scottish endowment question, 60. For ministers' concerns on this matter see W. McKergo to T. Chalmers, 14 Feb. 1835, Thomas Chalmers papers, NCL, CHA4.239.49
64. R. Haldane to T. Chalmers, 16 Mar. 1835, ibid. CHA4.237.38
65. R. Buchanan to T. Chalmers, 7 Apr. 1836, Thomas Chalmers papers, NCL, CHA 4.246.61; The work of the Commission, observed David Aitken, had created a 'lamentable ferment' in Edinburgh, while in Glasgow, 'some of my worthy brethren are literally frenzied': D. Aitken to Lord Minto, 2 Mar. 1836, Minto papers, NLS, MS 1 1802, fo. 32
66. D. Aitken to Lord Minto, 30 Jan. 1836, ibid, MS I 1802, fo. 26
67. I. F. Maciver, 'The General Assembly of the Church, the state and society in Scotland: some aspects of their relationships, 1815-1843', unpubl. MLitt. diss. Edinburgh 1977, 226
68. D. Shaw, 'The moderatorship controversy in 1836 and 1837', Records of the Scottish Church History Society xvii (1972), 115-30
69. Scottish Guardian, 6 June 1837
70. On their increasing political acumen and subtle campaign against the Royal Commission see H. Renton to D. McLaren, 14 Apr. 1837, F. S. Oliver Papers, NLS, MS 24782, fos 18-19
71. Cairns, Memoir of John Brown, 180-94
72. A. Haldane, The lives of Robert Haldane of Airthrey and of his brother, James Alexander Haldane, 4th edn, Edinburgh 1855, 568-73
73. Williams, 'Edinburgh politics', 151
74. Voluntary Church Magazine vi (Jan. 1838), 23-34
75. I. G. C. Hutchison, A political history of Scotland 1832-1924, Edinburgh 1986, 38
76. Skinner, The Scottish endowment question, 30
77. R. Buchanan to T. Chalmers, 10 Mar. 1838, Thomas Chalmers papers, NCL, CHA4.271.33
78. W. Muir to T. Chalmers, 31 Mar. 1838, Thomas Chalmers papers, NCL, CHA4.277.27
79. See, for example, Gladstone's response in J. Morley, Life of William Ewart Gladstone, 3rd edn, London 1905, i. 169-72
80. Scotsman, 30 May 1838
81. Hanna, Memoirs of Dr Chalmers, iv. 95-6
82. H. Watt, Thomas Chalmers and the Disruption, Edinburgh 1943, 171-3
83. Lord Aberdeen to J. Hope, 13 June 1838, Aberdeen papers, BL, MS Add. 43202, fos 179-80
84. D. Aitken to Lord Minto, 24 May 1838, Minto papers, NLS, MS I 1802, fo. 106
85. MacGill, Life of Hugh Heugh, 321-2
86. Scotsman, 8 June 1839
87. See also Voluntary Church Magazine vii (Apr. 1839), 181
88. J. Hope to Lord Aberdeen, 12 Jan. 1841, Peel papers, BL, MS Add. 40312, fos 350-61
89. J. Hope to Sir R. Peel, 16 Jan. 1841, ibid. 40429, fos 28-9
90. Hutchison, A political history of Scotland, 42
91. Williams, 'Edinburgh politics', 161-70
92. Despite prolonged agitation through the mid Victorian years, the Annuity Tax in Edinburgh would not be abolished until 1870: Mackie, Life and work of Duncan McLaren, i. 178-210
93. For the revived disestablishment campaign see especially G. I. T. Machin, Politics and the Churches in Great Britain 1869-1921, Oxford 1987, 87-119, 145-74