The spider subfamily amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae): A phylogenetic revision at the generic level

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

Volumn , Issue 277, 2003, Pages 2-261

  Ramírez, Martín J ^a,b  

^a DIVISION OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY   (United States)

^b MUSEO ARGENTINO DE CIENCIAS NATURALES BERNARDINO RIVADAVIA   (Argentina)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALTICOLA; ANDESIANA; ANYPHAENA; ANYPHAENIDAE; ARANEAE; CERCOCEBUS; CLUBIONA; COCCOIDEA; CORINNIDAE; GEMELLA; MONTICOLA; TRIDENTATA;

EID: 21144435463     PISSN: 00030090     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (149)

1. Baert, L., P. Lehtinen, and K. Desender. 1997. The spiders (Araneae) of rapa Nui (Easter Island). Bulletin van het Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen Entomologie 67: 9-32.
2. Banks, N. 1905. Synopses of North American invertebrates. XX. Families and genera of Araneida. American Naturalist 39: 293-323.
3. Banks, N. 1907. A preliminary list of the Arachnida of Indiana, with keys to families and genera of spiders. Report Indiana Geological Survey 31: 715-747.
4. Banks, N. 1909a. Arachnida from Costa Rica. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 61: 194-234.
5. Banks, N. 1909b. Arachnida of Cuba. Estación Central Agronómica de Cuba, Second Report 2: 150-174.
6. Barnes, R.D. 1953. Report on a collection of spiders from the coast of North Carolina. American Museum Novitates 1632: 1-21.
7. Berland, L. 1913. Araignées. In Service Géographique de l'Armée. Mission du Service Géographique de l'Armée pour la mesure d'un arc du méridien équatorial en Amérique du Sud (1899-1906), 10: 78-119. Paris: Gauthier-Villars.
8. Berland, L. 1924. Araignées de l'ile de Pàques et des iles Juan Fernandez. In C. Skottsberg (editor), The natural history of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island, 3: 419-437. Uppsala: A. and W. Boktryckeri.
9. Berland, L. 1934. Les Araignées du Pacifique. In Contribution à l'étude du peuplement zoologique et botanique des iles du Pacifique. Publications de la Société de Biogéographie 4: 155-180. Paris: P. Lechevalier et Fils.
10. Bertkau, P. 1878. Versuch einer natürlichen Anordnung der Spinnen, nebst Bemerkungen zu einzelnen Gattungen. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 44: 351-410.
11. Bonaldo, A.B. 2000. Taxonomia da subfamília Corinninae (Araneae, Corinnidae) nas regiões Neotropica e Neárctica. Iheringia (Série Zoolgia) 89: 3-148.
12. Bonnet, P. 1957. Bibliographia Araneorum; analyse méthodique de toute la littérature aranéologique jusqu'en 1939, 2(3): 1927-3026. Toulouse: Douladoure.
13. Bonnet, P. 1958. Bibliographia Araneorum; analyse méthodique de toute la littérature aranéologique jusqu'en 1939, 2(4): 3027-4230. Toulouse: Douladoure.
14. Bonnet, P. 1959. Bibliographia Araneorum; analyse méthodique de toute la littérature aranéologique jusqu'en 1939, 2(5): 4231-5058. Toulouse: Douladoure.
15. Bosselaers, J., and R. Jocqué. 2002. Studies in Corinnidae: cladistic analysis of 38 corinnid and liocranid genera, and transfer of Phrurolithinae. Zoologica Scripta 31: 241-270.
16. Bremer, K. 1988. The limits of aminoacid sequence data in angiosperm phylogenetic reconstruction. Evolution 42: 795-803.
17. Bremer, K. 1994. Branch support and tree stability. Cladistics 10: 295-304.
18. Brescovit, A.D. 1993. Lepajan, um gênero novo de aranhas neotropicais e sinonimia de Pelayo Pickard-Cambridge com Josa Keyserling (Araneae, Anyphaenidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 37(1): 125-130.
19. Brescovit, A.D. 1997. Revisão de Anyphaeninae Bertkau a nível de gêneros na região neotropical (Araneae, Anyphaenidae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 13(1): 1-187.
20. Bryant, E.B. 1940. Cuban spiders in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 86(7): 249-532.
21. Buchkovich, J. 1995. Observations on the spider Oxysoma cubana Banks (Araneae: Anyphaenidae). American Arachnology 51: 13-14.
22. Cambridge, F.O.P. 1899. On some spiders from Chili and Peru, collected by Dr. Plate of Berlin. Journal of the Linnean Society of London Zoology 27: 15-22.
23. Cambridge, F.O.P. 1900. Arachnida-Araneida and Opiliones. In F.D.C. Godman and O. Salvin (editors), Biologia Centrali-Americana Zoology 2: 89-192. London: R.H. Porter.
24. Cambridge, O.P. 1882. On new genera and species of Araneida. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1882: 423-442.
25. Cambridge, O.P. 1883. On some new genera and species of spiders. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1883: 352-265.
26. Cambridge, O.P. 1896. Arachnida. Araneida. In F.D.C. Godman and O. Salvin (editors), Biologia Centrali-Americana Zoology 1: 161-224. London: R.H. Porter.
27. Caporiacco, L. di. 1948. Arachnida of British Guiana collected by Prof. Beccari and Romini. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 118(3): 607-747.
28. Carico, J.E., and P. Holt. 1964. A comparative study of the female copulatory apparatus of certain species in the spider genus Dolomedes (Pisauridae: Araneae). Technical Bulletin/Virginia Tech Experimental Station Blacksburg Virginia 172: 1-27.
29. Chamberlin, R.V. 1916. Results of the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911. The Arachnida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 60: 177-299.
30. Coddington, J.A. 1990. Ontogeny and homology in the male palpus of orb-weaving spiders and their relatives, with comments on phylogeny (Araneoclada: Araneoidea, Deinopoidea). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 496: 1-52.
31. Coddington, J.A., and H.W. Levi. 1991. Systematics and evolution of piders (Araneae). Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 22: 565-592.
32. Davies, V.T. 1998. A revision of the Australian metaltellines (Araneae: Amaurobioidea: Amphinectidae: Metaltellinae). Invertebrate Taxonomy 12: 211-243.
33. Farris, J.S. 1969. A successive approximation approach to character weighting. Systematic Zoology 18: 374-385.
34. Farris, J.S. 1989. The retention index and rescaled consistency index. Cladistics 5: 417-419.
35. Farris, J.S, V.A. Albert, M. Källersjö, D. Lipscomb, and A.G. Kluge. 1996. Parsimony jacknifing outperforms neighbor-joining. Cladistics 12: 99-124.
36. Farris, J.S., M. Källersjö, A.S. Kluge and C. Bull. 1995. Testing significance of incongruence. Cladistics 10: 315-319.
37. Forster, R. 1955. Spiders of the subanctarctic islands of New Zealand. Records of the Dominion Museum (Wellington) 2(4): 167-203.
38. Forster, R. 1970. The spiders of New Zealand, Desidae, Dictynidae, Hahniidae, Amaurobioididae, Nicodamidae. Otago Museum Bulletin 3: 1-184.
39. Gerschman de Pikelin, B.S., and R.D. Schiapelli. 1970. El género Monapia Simon 1897 (Araneae, Anyphaenidae). Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Zoología 10(9): 131-144.
40. Gerschman de Pikelin, B.S., and R.D. Schiapelli. 1975. El género Aporatea Simon, 1897 (Araneae, Anyphaenidae). Physis Buenos Aires (sección C) 34(89): 183-186.
41. Gertsch, W.J. 1935. New American spiders with notes on other species. American Museum Novitates 805: 1-24.
42. Goloboff, P.A. 1993. Estimating character weights during tree search. Cladistics 9: 83-91.
43. Goloboff, P.A. 1994. Pee-Wee and NONA. Programs and documentation, distributed by the author, San Miguel de Tucumán.
44. Goloboff, P.A. 1995a. Parsimony and weighting: a reply to Turner and Zandee. Cladistics 11: 91-104.
45. Goloboff, P.A. 1995b. A revision of the South American spiders of the family Nemesiidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae). Part I: Species from Peru, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 224: 1-189.
46. Goloboff, P.A. 1997a. Self-weighted optimization: tree searches and character state reconstructions under implied transformation costs. Cladistics 13: 225-245.
47. Goloboff, P.A. 1997b. X-Pee-Wee 1.3 for Windows. Programs and documentation, distributed by the author, San Miguel de Tucumán.
48. Goloboff, P.A., and J.S. Farris. 2001. Methods for quick consensus estimation. Cladistics 17: S26-S34.
49. Griswold, C.E. 1993. Investigations into the phylogeny of lycosoid spiders and their kin (Arachnida: Araneae: Lycosoidea). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 539: 1-39.
50. Hewitt, J. 1917. Descriptions of new South African Arachnida. Annals of the Natal Museum 3: 687-711.
51. Hickman, V.V. 1949. Tasmanian littoral spiders with notes on their respiratory systems, habits and taxonomy. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 1948: 31-43.
52. Hickman, V.V. 1951. The identity of spiders of the genus Amaurobioides Cambridge. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 1950: 1-2.
53. Hogg, H.R. 1909. Spiders and opiliones from the subantarctic islands of New Zealand. In C. Chilton (editor), The Subantarctic islands of New Zealand 1: 155-181. Wellington: J. Mackay.
54. Hogg, H.R. 1911. On some Falkland Island spiders. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1913: 37-50.
55. Holmberg, E.L. 1881. Arácnidos. In Comisión Cientifica de la Expedicion al Rio Negro, 1879. Informe oficial de la Comisión Científica agregada al Estado Mayor General de la Expedición al Río Negro (Patagonia), bajo las órdenes del General D. Julio A. Roca. 1 Zoología: 117-168. Buenos Aires: Ostwald y Martinez.
56. Huber, B.A. 1995. Genital morphology and copulatory mechanics in Anyphaena accentuata (Anyphaenidae) and Clubiona pallidula (Clubionidae: Araneae). Journal of Zoology (London) 235: 689-702.
57. ICZN, 1999. International code of zoological nomenclature. 4th ed. London: International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature.
58. Källersjö, M., V.A. Albert, and J.S. Farris. 1999. Homoplasy increases phylogenetic structure. Cladistics 15: 91-93.
59. Källersjö, M., J.S. Farris, A.S. Kluge, and C. Bult. 1992. Skewness and permutation. Cladistics 8: 275-287.
60. Karsch, F. 1880. Arachnologische Blätter (Decas I). Zeitschrift für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften 53: 373-409.
61. Kaston, B.J. 1948. Spiders of Connecticut. State Geological and Natural History Survey of Connecticut Bulletin 70: 1-874.
62. Keyserling, E. 1878. Spinnen aus Uruguay und einigen anderen Gegenden Amerikas. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 27: 571-624.
63. Keyserling, E. 1880. Die Spinnen Amerikas. 1, Laterigradae. Nürnberg: V.v. Bauer und Raspe.
64. Keyserling, E. 1891. Die Spinnen Amerikas. 3, Brasilianische Spinnen. Nürnberg: V.v. Bauer und Raspe.
65. Koch, L. 1866. Die Arachniden-Faimilie der Drassiden. Nürnberg: J.L. Lotzbeck.
66. Kochalka, J.A. 1980. The taxonomy of the spider family Anyphaenidae (Araneae) with emphasis on the Neotropical genus Josa. Master's diss., University of Vermont.
67. Lamoral, B.H. 1968. On the ecology and habitat adaptations of two intertidal spiders, Desis formidabilis (O.P. Cambridge) and Amaurobioides africanus Hewitt, at "The Island" (Kommetjie, Cape Peninsula), with notes on the occurrence of two other spiders. Annales of the Natal Museum 20: 151-193.
68. Lehtinen, P.T. 1967. Classification of the cribellate spiders and some allied families, with notes on the evolution of the suborder Araneomorphae. Annales Zoologici Fennici 4: 199-468.
69. Lipscomb, D.L. 1992. Parsimony, homology and the analysis of multistate characters. Cladistics 8: 45-65.
70. Lopez, A. 1974. Glandes épigastriques et classification des Aranéides. Bulletin de l'Association des Anatomistes (Nancy) 58(163): 899-904.
71. Maddison, W.P. 1989. Reconstructing character evolution on polytomous cladograms. Cladistics 5: 365-377.
72. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1915. Notas aracnologicas (notas a margem do catalogo-indice de Petrunkevitch). I, II, III. Broteria 13(3): 143-144.
73. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1922. Novas clubionidas do Brasil. Arquivos da Escola Superior de Agricultura e Medicina Veterinaria Nitcheroy (Nova série) 6: 17-56.
74. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1925. Pequenas notas aracnológicas. Boletim do Museu Nacional Rio de Janeiro 1: 455-463.
75. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1926. Algumas aranhas do Brasil meridional. Boletim do Museu Nacional Rio de Janeiro 2: 1-18.
76. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1933. Catalogo das Aranhas argentinas. Arquivos da Escola Superior de Agricultura e Medicina Veterinaria Nitcheroy (Nova série) 10: 3-63.
77. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1936. Etude sur les Arachnides de Papudo et Constitución (Chili), recueillis par le Prof. Dr. Carlos E. Porter. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 40: 112-129.
78. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1938. Algunas arañas nuevas de la Argentina. Revista del Museo de La Plata (Nueva serie) Zoologia 1: 89-118.
79. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1940. Arañas de la provincia de Buenos Aires y de las gobernaciones de La Pampa, Neuquén, Río Negro y Chubut. Revista del Museo de La Plata (Nueva serie) Zoologia 2: 1-62.
80. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1941a. Las arañas de Córdoba, La Rioja, Catamarca, Tucumán, Salta y Jujuy. Revista del Museo de La Plata (Nueva serie) Zoologia 2: 99-198.
81. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1941b. Aranhas do Paraná. Arquivos do Instituto Biologico de São Paulo 11: 235-257.
82. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1943a. Aranhas do Chile colig. p. Dr. J.C. Carbalho. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 3(4): 403-409.
83. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1943b. Arañas nuevas de Mendoza, La Rioja y Córdoba. Revista del Museo de La Plata (Nueva serie) Zoologia 3: 101-121.
84. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1943e. Catálogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul. Arquivos do Museu Nacional Rio de Janeiro 37: 149-245.
85. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1944. Arañas de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Revista del Museo de La Plata (Nueva serie) Zoologia 3: 311-393.
86. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1945. Arañas de Misiones, Corrientes y Entre Ríos. Revista del Museo de La Plata (Nueva serie) Zoologia 4: 213-302.
87. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1947. Aranhas do Paraná e Santa Catarina das coleções do Museu paranaense. Arquivos do Museu Paranaense 4(4): 231-304.
88. Mello-Leitão, C.F. de. 1951. Arañas de Maullin, colectadas por el ingeniero Rafael Barros V. Revista Chilena de Historoa Natural 51-53: 327-338.
89. Merian, P. 1913. Les Araignées de la Terre du Feu et la Patagonie, comme point départ de comparaisons géografiques entre diverses couches faunistiques. Revista del Museo de La Plata 20: 7-100.
90. Nicolet, H. 1849. Arácnidos. In C. Gay, (editor), Historia física y política de Chile Zoología 3: 319-543. Paris: C. Gay.
91. Nixon, K. 1999. The parsimony ratchet, a new method for rapid parsimony analysis. Cladistics 15: 407-414.
92. Penny, D., and M.D. Hendy. 1985. Testing methods of evolutionary tree construction. Cladistics 1: 266-278.
93. Penny, D., and M.D. Hendy. 1986. Estimating the reliability of evolutionary trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution 3: 403-417.
94. Petrunkevitch, A. 1911. A synonymic index-catalogue of spiders of North, Central and South America with all adjacent islands, Greenland, Bermuda, West Indies, Terra del Fuego, Galapagos, etc. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 29: 1-791.
95. Petrunkevitch, A. 1928. Systema aranearum. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 29: 1-270.
96. Petrunkevitch, A. 1939. Classification of the Araneae with key to suborders and families. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 33: 139-190.
97. Platnick, N.I. 1974. The spider family Anyphaenidae in America north of Mexico. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 146(4): 205-266.
98. Platnick, N.I. 1977. Notes on spiders from the Falkland Islands (Arachnida, Araneae). Journal of Arachnology 3: 195-198.
99. Platnick, N.I. 1993. Advances in spider taxonomy, 1988-1991, with synonymies and transfers, 1940-1980. New York: New York Entomological Society.
100. Platnick, N.I. 1997. Advances in spider taxonomy 1992-1995, with redescriptions 1940-1980. New York: New York Entomological Society.
101. Platnick, N.I., and C. Ewing. 1995. A revision of the tracheline spiders (Araneae, Corinnidae) of southern South America. American Museum Novitates 3128: 1-41.
102. Platnick, N.I., and A. Lau. 1975. A revision of the celer group of the spider genus Anyphaena (Araneae, Anyphaenidae) in Mexico and Central America. American Museum Novitates 2575: 1-36.
103. Ramírez, M.J., 1989. Lista de los tipos de Araneae descriptos por Nicolet, depositados en el MNHN. Arachnologia, Bulletin du Centre International de Documentation Arachnologique 6: 7-11.
104. Ramírez, M.J. 1993. Revisión del género Liparotoma Simon, 1884 (Araneae, Anyphaenidae). Boletin de la Sociedad de Biología de Concepción 64: 195-207.
105. Ramírez, M.J. 1995a. A phylogenetic analysis of the subfamilies of Anyphaenidae (Arachnida, Araneae). Entomologica Scandinavica 26: 361-384.
106. Ramírez, M.J. 1995b. Revisión y filogenia del género Monapia (Araneae, Anyphaenidae), con notas sobre otras Amaurobioidinae. Boletin de la Sociedad de Biología de Concepción 66: 71-102.
107. Ramírez, M.J. 1996. The genus Callevopsis Tullgren, 1902 (Araneae, Dictynoidea). Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales (Extra Nueva Serie) 144: 1-8.
108. Ramírez, M.J. 1997. Revisión y filogenia de los géneros Ferrieria y Acanthoceto (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae). Iheringia, Série Zoolgia 82: 173-203.
109. Ramírez, M.J. 1999. New species and cladistic reanalysis of the spider genus Monapia (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae). Journal of Arachnology 27: 415-431.
110. Ramírez, M.J., and J.A. Kochalka. 1993. El género Gayenna (Araneae, Anyphaenidae). Acta Entomologica Chilena 18: 163-169.
111. Ramírez, M.J., L. Lopardo, and A.B. Bonaldo. 2001. A revision of the Chilean spider genus Olbus, with notes on the relationships of the Corinnidae (Arachnida, Araneae). Insect Systematics and Evolution 31: 441-462.
112. Rieppel, O. 1996. Testing homology by congruence: the pectoral girdle of turtles. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, Biological Sciences 263: 1395-1398.
113. Roewer, C. 1954. Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940, bzw. 2: 1-1751. Bruxelles: Institut Royale des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique.
114. Schiapelli, R.D., and B.S. Gerschman de Pikelin. 1974. Arañas de las Islas Malvinas. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Entomología 4(3): 79-93.
115. Sierwald, P. 1989. Morphology and ontogeny of female copulatory organs in American Pisauridae, with special reference to homologous features (Arachnida: Araneae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 484: 1-24.
116. Sierwald, P. 1990. Note on a technique for cleaning female copulatory organs in spiders. American Arachnolgy 41: 2.
117. Simon, E. 1864. Histoire naturelle des araignées (aranéides). Paris.
118. Simon, E. 1880. Révision de la familie des Sparassidae (Arachnides). Actes de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux 34: 223-351.
119. Simon, E. 1884. Arachnides recueillis par la Mission du Cap Horn en 1882-1883. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 9: 117-144.
120. Simon, E. 1886. Arachnides recueillis dans la Patagonia meridionale, de Santa Cruz a Punta Arena, par M.E. Lebrun. Bulletin de la Société; Zoologique de France 11: 558-577.
121. Simon, E. 1887. Arachnides. In Misssion scientifique du Cap Horn, 1882-1883. IV. Zoologie: E1-E42. Paris: Gauthier-Villars.
122. Simon, E. 1889. Études arachnologiques. 21e Mémoire. XXX. Descriptions de quelques arachnides du Chili et remarques synonymiques sur quelques unes des espèces décrites par Nicolet. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 6: 217-222.
123. Simon, E. 1895. Arachnides recueillis a la Terredu-feu par M. Carlos Backhausen. Anales del Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires 4: 167-172.
124. Simon, E. 1896a. Arachnides recueillis a la Terredu-feu par M. Carlos Backhausen (2e memoire). Anales del Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires 5: 141-145.
125. Simon, E. 1896b. Études arachnologiques. 27e Mémoire. XLII. Descriptions d'especies nouvelles de l'ordre des Araneae. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 65: 465-510.
126. Simon, E. 1896c. Descriptions d'arachnides nouveaux de la famille des Clubionidae. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 40: 400-422.
127. Simon, E. 1897a. Histoire Naturelle des Araignées 2: 1-192. Paris: Roret.
128. Simon, E. 1897b. Liste des araignées du Chili communiqués par Mr F. Lataste et déterminés : par Mr E. Simon. Actes de la Société Scientifique du Chili 6: 104-107.
129. Simon, E. 1897c. Description d'arachnides nouveaux. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 41: 8-17.
130. Simon, E. 1901. Liste des Arachnides recueillis par M. Ch.E. Porter en 1899 à Quilpué et à Molle, et par M.B. Wilson en avril 1900 au Rio Aysen (Patagonie occidentale). Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 5: 17-22.
131. Simon, E. 1902. Arachnoideen, exclu. Acariden und Gonyleptiden. In Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensische Sammelreise 6(4): 1-47. Hamburg: L. Friederichsen.
132. Simon, E. 1903a. Histoire naturelle des Araignées 2(4): 669-1080. Paris: Roret.
133. Simon, E. 1903b. Etudes Arachnologiques. 34° mémoire, 45. Arachnides recueillis à la Terrede-feu par M. le Dr Lehmann-Nitsche en mars et avril 1902. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 72: 310-313.
134. Simon, E. 1903c. Descriptions de arachnides nouveaux. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 47: 21-39.
135. Simon, E. 1903d. Araigées et Faucheurs. In Résultats du voyage du S.Y. Begica en 1897, 1898, 1899. (Expédition Antarctique Belge. Rapports scientifiques): 1-7. Anvers: J.E. Buschmann.
136. Simon, E. 1904. Etude sur les arachnides du Chili recueillis en 1900, 1901 et 1902 par MM.C. Porter, Dr. Delfin, Barcey Wilson et Edwards. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 48: 83-114.
137. Simon, E. 1905a. Note sur la faune des îles Juan Fernandez. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 1905: 70-72.
138. Simon, E. 1905b. Études sur lés arachnides recueillis en Patagonie par le Dr. Filippo Silvestri. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata dell'Universitá di Torino 20(541): 1-17.
139. Strand, E. 1908. Neue aussereuropäischer Spinnen. Zoologischer Anzeiger 33: 5-7.
140. Strand, E. 1912a. Drei neue Gattungsnamen in Arachnida. Internationale Entomologische Zeitschrift Guben 5: 346.
141. Strand, E. 1912b. Der Gattungsnamen Heteromma. Entomologische Rundschau 29: 16.
142. Strand, E. 1932. Miscellanea nomenklatorica zoologica et palaeontologica, III, IV. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica 4: 133-147, 193-196.
143. Swofford, D.L. 1991. When are phylogeny estimates from molecular and morphological data incongruent? In M.M. Miyamoto and J. Cracraft (editors), Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences: 295-333. New York: Oxford University Press.
144. Tullgren, A. 1901. Contribution to the knowledge of the spider fauna of the Magellan Territories. In Svenska Expeditionen till Magellanslënderna 2(10): 181-263. Uppsala.
145. Tullgren, A. 1902. Spiders collected in the Aysen Valley in South Chile by Mr. P. Dusén. Bihang till Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 28(4, 1): 1-77.
146. Tullgren, A. 1905. Araneida from the Swedish Expedition through the Gran Chaco and the Cordilleras. Arkiv för Zoologi 2(19): 1-81.
147. Wheeler, W. 1995. Sequence alignment, parameter sensitivity, and the phylogenetic analysis of molecular data. Systematic Biology 44(3): 321-331.
148. Wheeler, W. 1996. Optimization alignment: the end of multiple sequence alignment in phylogenetics? Cladistics 12: 1-9.
149. Zapfe, H.C. 1951. Arañas como indicadores ecológicos en en Sur de Chile. Investigaciones Zoológicas Chilenas 1(3): 4-8.