Buddhism, religion, and the concept of "god"

Numen

Volumn 50, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 147-171

  Pyysiäinen, Ilkka ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 21044442292     PISSN: 00295973     EISSN: 15685276     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/156852703321506141     Document Type: Review

References (103)

1. AÇnguttaranikaya I-II Ed. Richard Morris. London: The Pali Text Society 1961-76 [1885-88].
2. Aśokavadana In John Strong, The Legend of King Aśoka:A Study and Translationof the Aśokavad ana, Princeton: Princeton University Press 1983, 173-294.
3. Buddhavamç sa BuddhavamÇ sa and Cariya pi.taka. New ed. by N.A. Jayawickrama. London: The Pali Text Society & Routledge and Kegan Paul 1974.
4. Dõghanikaya II-III Ed. Thomas W. Rhys Davids and J. Estlin Carpenter. London: The Pali Text Society and Luzac & Co. 1960-66 [1903-11].
5. Mahaprajñaparamitaś astra Le traité de la grande vertu du sagesse de Nagarjuna (Mahaprajñaparamita- śastra). Tr. Étienne Lamotte. (Bibliothèque du Museon 18.) 2 vols. Louvain: Institut Orientaliste, Bibliothèque de l'Université 1944-49.
6. Mahavastu I-II Ed. É. Senart, Mahavastu I-III. Paris: Société Asiatique 1882-1897.
7. Eng tr. J.J. Jones, in Sacred Books of the Buddhists, vols. XVI and XVIII, London: The Pali Text Society and Luzac & Co. 1949-1952.
8. Maha yanasamÇ graha La somme du grand véhicule d'AsaÇnga. Tr. et ed. par Étienne Lamotte. I: VersionsTibétaine et Chinoise; II: Traduction et commentaire. (Publications de l'Institut Orientaliste de Louvain 8.) Louvain 1973.
9. Majjhimanikaya I-III Ed. V. Trenckner and R. Chalmers. London: The Pali Text Society and Luzac & Co. 1964, 1977 [1888, 1896, 1899].
10. Nagarjuna, Iśvarakartr. tvanirakr. tih. In Th. Stcherbatsky, Papers of Th. Stcherbatsky, tr. by H.C. Gupta, ed. by D. Chattopadhyaya (Soviet Indology Series 2), Calcutta: Indian Studies Past and Present 1969, 1-16.
11. Ratnagotravibhagauttaratantra Tr. in Jikido Takasaki, A Study on the Ratnagotravibhaga (Uttaratantra), Being a Treatise on the Tathagatagarbha Theory of Mahayana Buddhism (Serie OrientaleRoma 33), Roma: IstitutoItaliano per ilMedio ed Estremo Oriente 1966.
12. Samyuttanikaya III-IV Ed. Leon Feer. London: The Pali Text Society and Routledge and Kegan Paul 1973, 1975 [1890, 1894].
13. Vinayapi.takamç I Ed. H. Oldenberg. London:Williams and Norgate 1879.
14. Ahn, W.-K., C. Kalish, S.A. Gelman, D.L. Medin, C. Luhmann, S. Atran, J.D. Coley, and P. Shafto 2001 "Why essences are essential in the psychology of concepts." Cognition 82:59-69.
15. Atran, Scott 1990 Cognitive Foundations of Natural History. Cambridge, etc.: Cambridge University Press, and Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l'homme.
16. 1996 "Modes of thinking about living kinds." In Modes of Thought, ed. D.R. Olson and N. Torrance, New York: Cambridge University Press, 216-260.
17. 1998 "Folk biology and the anthropology of science: Cognitive universals and cultural particulars."Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21:547-609.
18. Bareau, André 1953 "La date du nirvana." Journal asiatique 241:27-62.
19. 1962 "La légende de la jeunesse du Buddha dans les Vinayapit.aka anciens." Oriens Extremus 9:6-33.
20. 1963 Recherches sur la biographie du Buddha dans les Sutrapit.aka et les Vinayapit.aka anciens. I. (Publications de l'École Française d'Extrêmeorient 53.) Saigon.
21. 1969 "The superhuman personality of Buddha and its symbolism in the Mahaparinirvanasutra of the Dharmaguptaka."In Myths and Symbols: Studies in Honour of Mircea Eliade, ed. J. Kitagawa and C. Long, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 9-21.
22. 1970-71 Recherches sur la biographie du Buddha. II. 2 vols. (Publications de l'École Française d'Extrême-orient 77.) Saigon.
23. 1974 "Le parinirvana du Buddha et la naissance de la religion bouddhique." Bulletin de l'École Française d'Extrême-orient 59:275-299.
24. 1974 "La jeunesse du Buddha dans les Sutrapitaka et les Vinayapitaka anciens." Bulletin de l'École Française d'Extrême-orient 61:199-274.
25. 1979 "La composition et les étapes de la formation progressive du Mahaparnirvanasutra ancien." Bulletin de l'École Française d'Extrêmeorient 66:45-103.
26. 1980 "Le Buddha et Uruvilva." In Indianisme et bouddhisme: Melanges offerts a Mgr Étienne Lamotte (Publications de l'Institut orientalistede Louvain 23), Louvain: Institut orientaliste, 1-18.
27. Barrett, Justin L. 1998 "Cognitive constraints on Hindu concepts of the divine." Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 37:608-619.
28. 2000 "Exploring the natural foundations of religion." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4:29-34.
29. Barrett, Justin L., and Frank Keil 1996 "Conceptualizing a nonnatural entity: Anthropomorphism in God concepts." Cognitive Psychology 31:219-247.
30. Barrett, Justin L., and Melanie A. Nyhof 2001 "Spreading non-naturalconcepts: The role of intuitive conceptual structures in memory and transmissionof culturalmaterials." The Journal of Cognition and Culture 1(1):69-100.
31. Bering, Jesse, and D.F. Bjorklund 2002 "Simulation constraints on the development of death representations." Paper presented to the conference Minds and Gods, sponsored by the University of Michigan and the John Templeton Foundation, in Ann Arbor, Michigan, in March 28-30, 2002.
32. Boyer, Pascal 1994a "Cognitive constraints on cultural representations:Natural ontologies and religious ideas." In Hirschfeld and Gelman 1994a:39-67.
33. 1994 The Naturalness of Religious Ideas: A Cognitive Theory of Religion. Berkeley: University of California Press.
34. 1996 "What makes anthropomorphism natural: Intuitive ontology and cultural representations." The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute n.s. 2:83-97.
35. 1998 "Cognitive tracks of cultural inheritance: How evolved intuitive ontology governs cultural transmission."American Anthropologist 100:876-889.
36. 2000 "Evolution of the modern mind and the origins of culture: Religious concepts as a limiting case." In Evolution and the Human Mind, ed. P. Carruthers and A. Chamberlain, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 93-112.
37. 2000 "Functional origins of religious concepts: ontological and strategic selection in evolved minds." The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute n.s. 6:195-214.
38. 2001 Religion Explained: The Evolutionary Origins of Religious Thought. New York: Basic Books.
39. Bronkhorst, Johannes 1986 The Two Traditions of Meditation in Ancient India. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
40. Cosmides, Leda, and John Tooby 1994 "Origins of domain speci. city: The evolution of functional organization." In Hirschfeld and Gelman 1994a:85-116.
41. Démieville, P. 1927 "Sur la mémoire des existences antérieures." Bulletin de l'École Française d'Extrême-orient 27:283-298.
42. Durkheim, Émile 1965 [1912] The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life. Tr. by Joseph Ward Swain. New York: The Free Press.
43. Elder, George R. 1983 "Pyschological [sic] observations on the 'life of Gautama Buddha'." In Buddhist and Western Psychology, ed. Nathan Katz, Boulder, Colorado: Prajña Press (Shambhala Publications), 25-38.
44. Foucher, Alfred 1949 La vie du Bouddha. Paris: Payot. Griffiths, Paul J.
45. 1983 "Buddhist jhana: A form-critical study." Religion 13:55-68.
46. Guthrie, Stewart 1980 "A cognitive theory of religion." Current Anthropology 21:181-203.
47. 1993 Faces in the Clouds. New York: Oxford University Press.
48. 1996 "Religion: What is it?" Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 35:412- 419.
49. Herbrechstmeier, William 1993 "Buddhism and the de. nition of religion: One more time." Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 32:1-18.
50. Hirschfeld, Lawrence A., and Susan A. Gelman 1994a (eds). Mapping the Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
51. 1994 "Toward a topography of mind: An introduction to domain speci. city." In Hirschfeld and Gelman 1994a:3-35.
52. Jaini, Padmanabh S. 1974 "On the sarvajñatva (omniscience) of Mahavõ ra and the Buddha." In Buddhist Studies in Honour of I. B. Horner, ed. Lance Cousins et al., Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 71-90.
53. Jayatilleke, K.N. 1963 Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge. London: George Allen & Unwin.
54. Johansson, Rune E.A. 1985 [1979] The Dynamic Psychology of Early Buddhism. (The Scandinavian Institute of Asian Studies: Monograph Series 37.) London and Malmö.
55. Jong, J.W. de 1974 "A brief history of Buddhist studies in Europe and America." The Eastern Buddhist n.s. 7(1):55-106. (Second part of the article published in 7[2]:49- 82.)
56. 1979 "The study of Buddhism: Problems and perspectives." In J.W. de Jong, Buddhist Studies, ed. G. Schopen, Berkeley: Asian Humanities Press, 15- 28.
57. Karmiloff-Smith, Annette 1992 Beyond Modularity: A Developmental Perspective on Cognitive Science. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
58. Kazanas, N.D. 2001 "Indo-European deities and the R. gveda." The Journal of Indo-European Studies 29(3-4):257-293.
59. Keil, Frank C. 1979 Semantic and Conceptual Development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
60. 1996 [1989] Concepts, Kinds, and Cognitive Development. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
61. Kern, Hendrik 1882-84 Der Buddhismus und seine Geschichte in Indien. 2 vols. German tr. H. Jacobi. Leipzig: Otto Schulze.
62. King, Sallie B. 1991 Buddha-Nature. (SUNY Series in Buddhist Studies.) Albany: State University of New York Press.
63. Lamotte, Étienne 1948 "La légende Bouddha." Revue de l'histoire des religions 134:37-71.
64. 1958 Histoire du bouddhisme indien. (Bibliothèque du Muséon 43.) Louvain: Université de Louvain, Institut Orientaliste.
65. Lawson, E. Thomas, and Robert N. McCauley 1990 Rethinking Religion: Connecting Cognition and Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
66. Lévy, Paul 1982 "Les 'trois fonctions' dans la biographie du Buddha et la doctrine bouddhique." Studia Iranica 11:233-246.
67. Loomis, C. Grant 1948 White Magic. Cambridge, MA: The Medieval Academy of America.
68. Lubac, Henri de 1952 La rencontre du bouddhisme et de l'occident. Paris: Aubier.
69. Masefield, Peter 1986 Divine Revelation in Pali Buddhism. Colombo and London: The Sri Lanka Institute of Traditional Studies, and George Allen and Unwin.
70. Mithen, Steven 1998 [1996] The Prehistory of the Mind. London: Phoenix.
71. Obeyesekere, Gananath 1966 "The Buddhist pantheon in Ceylon and its extensions." In Anthropological Studies in Theravada Buddhism, ed. M. Nash (Cultural Report Series 13), New Haven: Yale University Press, 1-26.
72. Oldenberg, Herman 1903 [1881] Buddha, sein Leben, seine Lehre, seine Gemeinde. Stuttgart: J.G. Cotta'sche Buchhandlung Nachfolger.
73. Przyluski, Jean 1918-20 "Le parinirvana et les funerailles du Buddha." Journal asiatique 11:485-526
74. 12:401-456
75. 13:365-430
76. 15:5-54.
77. Pye, Michael 1973 "Comparative hermeneutics in religion." In Cardinal Meaning, ed. M. Pye and R. Morgan (Religion and Reason 6), The Hague: Mouton, 1-58.
78. 1979 The Buddha. London: Duckworth.
79. Pyysiäinen, Ilkka 1987 "The Buddha: A biographical image in relation to cosmic order." In Mythology and Cosmic Order, ed. R. Gothóni and J. Pentikäinen (Studia Fennica 32), Helsinki: The Finnish Literature Society, 115-123.
80. 1993 Beyond Language and Reason. Mysticism in Indian Buddhism. (Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae: Dissertationes Humanarum Litterarum 66.) Helsinki: Academia ScientiarumFennica.
81. 1997 Jumalan selitys. [God Explained.] Helsinki: Otava.
82. 1999 "Holy Book-A treasury of the incomprehensible: The invention of writing and religious cognition." Numen 46:269-290.
83. 2001 How Religion Works: Towards a New Cognitive Science of Religion. (Cognition& Culture Book Series 1.) Leiden: Brill.
84. 2002 "Religion and the counter-intuitive."In Current Approaches in the Cognitive Science of Religion, ed. Ilkka Pyysiäinen and Veikko Anttonen, London: Continuum, 111-133.
85. 2002 "Mind and miracles." Zygon 37(3):729-740.
86. Pyysiäinen, Ilkka, and Kimmo Ketola 1999 "Rethinking 'God.' The Concept of 'God' as a category in Comparative Religion." In Approaching Religion, I, ed. T. Ahlbäck (Scripta Instituti Donneriani 17:1), Åbo: The Donner Institute, 207-214.
87. Rhys Davids, Thomas William 1880 Buddhism: Being a Sketch of the Life and Teachings of Gautama the Buddha. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.
88. Rubin, David C. 1997 [1995] Memory in Oral Traditions. New York: Oxford University Press.
89. Ruegg, David Seyfort 1969 La théorie du Tathâgatagarbha et du gotra. (Publications de l'École Française d'Extrême-orient 70.) Saigon.
90. Saler, Benson 1977 "Supernatural as a western category." Ethos 5:31-53.
91. 2000 [1993] Conceptualizing Religion: Immanent Anthropologists, Transcendent Natives, and Unbound Categories. With a new preface. New York: Berghahn Books.
92. Schmithausen, Lambert 1981 "On some aspects of descriptions or theories of 'liberating insight' and 'enlightenment' in early Buddhism." In Studien zum Jainismus und Buddhismus (Alt- und Neu-Indische Studien 23), ed. K. Bruhn and A. Wezler, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 199-250.
93. Schwab, Raymond 1984 [1950] The Oriental Renaissance. Tr. by G. Patterson-Black and V. Reinking. New York: Columbia University Press.
94. Senart, Émile 1882 [1873-75] Essai sur la légende du Buddha. Paris: Journal asiatique.
95. Sharf, Robert H. 1995 "Buddhist modernism and the rhetoric of meditative experience." Numen 42:228-283.
96. Sommers, Fred 1959 "The ordinary language tree." Mind 68:160-185.
97. Sperber, Dan 1994 "The modularity of thought and the epidemiology of representations." In Hirschfeld and Gelman 1994a: 39-67.
98. 1996 Explaining Culture: A Naturalistic Approach. Oxford: Blackwell.
99. Thomas, Edward J. 1971 [1933] The History of Buddhist Thought. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
100. 1975 [1927] The Life of Buddha as Legend and History. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
101. Thompson, Stith 1955-59 Motif-Index of Folk-Literature: A Classification of Narrative Elements in Folktales, Ballads, Myths, Fables, Mediaeval Romances, Exempla, Fabliaux, Jest-Books and Local Legends. 6 vols. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde and Bagger.
102. Tooby, John, and Leda Cosmides 1995 [1992] "The psychological foundations of culture." In The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and the Generation of Culture, ed. J.H. Barkow, L. Cosmides, and J. Tooby, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 19-136.
103. Windisch, Ernst 1917 Geschichte der Sanskrit-Philologie und indischen Altertumskunde. Strassburg: Verlag von Karl J. Trübner.