Transepidermal water loss dynamics of human vulvar and thigh skin

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 139-143

  Warren, R ^a   Bauer, A ^b   Greif, C ^b   Wigger Alberti, W ^b   Jones, M B ^a   Roddy, M T ^a   Seymour, J L ^a   Hansmann, M A ^a   Elsner, P ^b  

^a PROCTER AND GAMBLE COMPANY   (United States)

^b FRIEDRICH SCHILLER UNIVERSITY JENA   (Germany)

Author keywords

Age; Atopy; Body mass; Thigh; Transepidermal water loss; Vulva

Indexed keywords

WATER;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DYNAMICS; FEMALE; HUMAN; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SKIN; SKIN WATER LOSS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; THIGH; VULVA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGING; BODY MASS INDEX; CLOTHING; EPIDERMIS; FEMALE; HUMANS; SKIN PHYSIOLOGY; THIGH; VULVA; WATER LOSS, INSENSIBLE;

EID: 20944436953     PISSN: 16605527     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000084911     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Wilson DR, Maibach HI: Transepidermal water loss: A review; in Leveque JL (ed): Cutaneous Investigation in Health and Disease: Non-Invasive Methods and Instrumentation. New York, Dekker, 1989, pp 113-134.
2. Leveque JL: Measurement of transepidermal water loss; in Leveque JL (ed): Cutaneous Investigation in Health and Disease: Non-Invasive Methods and Instrumentation. New York, Dekker, 1989, pp 135-151.
3. Rougier A: TEWL and transcutaneous absorption; in Elsner P, Berardesca E, Maibach H (eds): Bioengineering of the Skin: Water and the Stratum corneum. Boca Raton, CRC Press, 1994, pp 103-113.
4. Aly R, Shirley C, Cunico B, Maubach HJ: Effect of prolonged occlusion on the microbial flora, pH, carbon dioxide, and transepidermal water loss on human skin. J Invest Dermatol 1978;71:378-381.
5. Ya-Xian Z, Suetake T, Tagami H: Number of layers of the stratum corneum in normal skin - Relationship to the anatomical location on the body, age, sex, and physical parameters. Arch Dermatol Res 1999;291:555-559.
6. Fluhr JW, Lazzerini S, Distante F, Gloor M, Berardesca E: Effects of prolonged occlusion on stratum corneum barrier function and water-holding capacity. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 1999;12:193-198.
7. Pinnagoda J, Tupker RA, Agner T, Serup J: Guidelines for transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurement. Contact Dermatitis 1990;22:164-178.
8. Potts RO. Stratum corneum hydration: Experimental techniques and interpretation of results. J Soc Cosmet Chem 1986;37:9-33.
9. Lavrijsen APM, Oestmann E, Hermans J, Bodde HE, Vermeer BJ, Ponec M: Barrier function parameters in various keratinization disorders: Transepidermal water loss and vascular response to hexyl nicotinate. J Dermatol 1993;129:547-554.
10. Yosipovitch G, Xiong GL, Haus E, Sackett-Lundeen L, Ashkenazi I, Maibach HI: Time-dependent variations of the skin barrier function in humans: Transepidermal water loss, stratum corneum hydration, skin surface pH, and skin temperature. J Invest Dermatol 1998;110:20-23.
11. Britz MB, Maibach HI: Human cutaneous vulvar reactivity to irritants. Contact Dermatitis 1979;5:375-377.
12. Elsner P, Wilhelm D, Maibach HI: Sodium lauryl sulfate-induced irritant contact dermatitis in vulvar and forearm skin of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990;23:648-652.
13. Elsner P, Maibach HI: Cutaneous responses to topical methyl nicotinate in human forearm and vulvar skin. J Dermatol Sci 1991;2:341-345.
14. Erickson KL, Montagna W: New observations on the anatomical features of the female genitalia. J Am Med Women's Assoc 1972;27:573-581.
15. Elsner P, Wilhelm D, Maibach HI: Factional properties of human forearm and vulvar skin: Influence of age and correlation with transepidermal water loss and capacitance. Dermatologica 1990;181:88-91.
16. Elsner P, Wilhelm D, Maibach HI: Physiological skin surface water loss dynamics of vulvar and forearm skin. Acta Derm Venereol 1990;70:141-144.
17. Diepgen TL, Fartasch M, Hornstein OP: Evaluation and relevance of atopic basic and minor features in patients with atopic dermatitis and in the general population. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) 1989;144:50-54.
18. Fartasch M: Atopic dermatitis and other diseases; in Elsner P, Berardesca E, Maibach HI (eds): Bioengineering of the Skin: Water and the Stratum corneum. Boca Raton, CRC Press, 1994, pp 87-95.
19. Agner T, Damm P, Skouby SO: Menstrual cycle and skin reactivity. J Am Acad Dermatol 1991;24:566-570.