Developmental threshold, day-degree requirements and voltinism of the aphid predator Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Annals of Applied Biology

Volumn 130, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 427-437

  Hart, J ^a   Bale, J S ^a   Fenlon, J S ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Day degree requirement; Developmental threshold; E. balteatus; Voltinism

Indexed keywords

DEGREE-DAY; DEVELOPMENTAL THRESHOLD; NATURAL ENEMY; VOLTINISM;

UK;

APHIDIDAE; DIPTERA; EPISYRPHUS; EPISYRPHUS BALTEATUS; HEMIPTERA; HOMOPTERA; SYRPHIDAE;

EID: 20644465181     PISSN: 00034746     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1997.tb07672.x     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Ankersmit G W, Dijkman H, Keuning N J, Mertens H, Sins A, Tacoma H. 1986. Episyrphuts balteatits as a predator of the aphid Sitobion avenae on winter wheat. Entomologia experimentalis et Applicata 42:271-277.
2. Aubert J, Goeldlin P. 1981. Observations on the migration of syrphids (Dipt.) in the Alps of Western Switzerland. Mitteilungen Der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 54:377-388.
3. Aubert J, Aubert J, Goeldlin P. 1976. Twelve years of systematic trapping of syrphids at Bretolet Pass in the Alps. Mitteilungen Der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 49:115-142.
4. Bale J S. 1993. Classes of insect cold hardiness. Functional Ecology 7:751-753.
5. Campbell A, Frazer B D, Gilbert N, Gutierrez A P, Mackauer M. 1974. Temperature requirements of some aphids and their parasites. Journal of Applied Ecology 11:431-438.
6. Chambers R J, Adams T H L. 1986. Quantification of the impact of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) on cereal aphids in winter wheat: an analysis of field populations. Journal of Applied Ecology 23:895-904.
7. Chambers R J, Sunderland K D, Stacey D L, Wyatt I J. 1983a. A survey of cereal aphids and their natural enemies in winter wheat in 1980. Annals of Applied Biology 101:175-178.
8. Chambers R J, Sunderland K D, Stacey D L, Wyatt I J. 19836. The effects of predator exclusion and caging on cereal aphids in winter wheat. Journal of Applied Ecology 20:209-224.
9. Chambers R J, Sunderland K D, Stacey D L, Wyatt I J. 1986. Control of cereal aphids in winter wheat by natural enemies: aphid-specific predators, parasitoids and pathogenic fungi. Annals of Applied Biology 108:219-231.
10. Draper N R, Smith H. 1981. Applied Regression Analysis (2nd Edn). New York: J Wiley & Sons.
11. Entwistle J C, Dixon A F G. 1989. The effect of augmenting grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) numbers in a field of winter wheat in spring on the aphid's abundance in summer and its relevance to the forecasting of outbreaks. Annals of Applied Biology 114:397-408.
12. Gatter W, Schmid U. 1990. The migration of hoverflies at Randecker Maar. Spixiana 15(S): 1-100.
13. Gilbert F S. 1981. Foraging ecology of hoverflies: morphology of the mouth parts in relation to feeding on nectar and pollen in some common urban species. Ecological Entomology 6:245-262.
14. Hamid S. 1986. Aphid control potential of Episyrphus balteatits (DeGeer). Proceedings of the Pakistan Congress of Zoology 5:153-158.
15. Hart A J, Bale J S. 1997. A method for rearing large numbers of the hoverfly Episyrphus balteatits. Dipterists Digest (In press).
16. Hastings R. 1988. Winter-active hoverflies at Kew Gardens. Hoverfly Newsletter 8:7-0.
17. Higley L G, Pedigo L P, Ostlie K R. 1986. DEGDAY: a program for calculating degree-days, and assumptions behind the degree-day approach. Environmental Entomology 15:999-1016.
18. Holmes P R. 1984. A field study of the predators of the grain aphid, Sitobion avenue (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in winter wheat in Britain. Bulletin of Entomological Research 74:623-631
19. Kula E. 1980. Hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) overwintering in the spruce forest floor of Moravia. Casopis Slezskeho Musea V Opava. Series A. Histona Naturalis 29:269-281.
20. Lamb R J. 1992. Developmental rate of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Ephididae) at low temperatures: implications for estimating rate parameters for insects. Environmental Entomology 21:10-19.