Parenting children with mental health problems

Handbook of Parenting: Theory and Research for Practice

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 296-310

  Miller, Fiona K ^a   Jenkins, Jennifer M ^b  

^a University of Toronto ^*

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 20644460516     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4135/9781848608160.n18     Document Type: Chapter

References (98)

1. Ainsworth, M. D. S., Belhar, M. C., Walters, E. and Wall, S. (1978) Patterns of Attachment: A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
2. Albana, A. M., Chorpita, B. F. and Barlow, D. H. (1996) Childhood anxiety disorders. In Mash, E. J. and Barkley, R. A. (eds) Child Psychopathology. New York: Guilford Press, pp. 196-241.
3. American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
4. Angold A. Costello E. J. Erkanli A. Comorbidity Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 40 (1999) 57-87 doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00424
5. Armbruster, P. and Kazdin, A. E. (1994) Attrition in child psychotherapy. In Ollendick, T. H. and Prinz, R. J. (eds) Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, Vol. 16. New York: Plenum, pp. 81-108.
6. Baldwin M. Relational schemas and the processing of social information Psychological Bulletin 112 (1992) 461-84 doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.3.461 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.3.461
7. Barrett P. M. Dadds R. M. Rapee R. M. Family treatment of childhood anxiety: a controlled trial Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 64 (1996) 333-42 doi:10.1037/0022-006X.64.2.333 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.64.2.333
8. Bates J. E. Dodge K. A. Pettit G. S. Ridge B. Interaction of temperamental resistance to control and restrictive parenting in the development of externalizing behavior Developmental Psychology 34 (1998) 982-95 doi:10.1037/0012-1649.34.5.982 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.34.5.982
9. Bell, R. Q. and Harper, L. V. (1977) Child Effects on Adults. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
10. Benoit D. Parker K. Stability and transmission of attachment across three generations Child Development 65 (1994) 1444-56 doi:10.2307/1131510 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1131510
11. Bernstein G. Borchardt C. M. Perwien A. R. Crosby R. D. Kushner M. G. Thuras P. D. Last C. G. Imipramine plus cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of school refusal Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 39 (2000) 276-83 doi:10.1097/00004583-200003000-00008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200003000-00008
12. Biglan A. Hops H. Sherman L. Friedman L. S. Arthus J. Osteen V. Problem solving interactions of depressed women and their husbands Behavior Therapy 16 (1985) 431-51 doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(85)80023-X http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894%2885%2980023-X
13. Biglan A. Rothlind J. Hops H. Sherman L. Impact of distressed and aggressive behavior Journal of Abnormal Psychology 98 (1989) 218-28 doi:10.1037/0021-843X.98.3.218 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.98.3.218
14. Boyle M. Willms J. D. Multilevel modeling of hierarchical data in developmental studies Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 42 (2001) 141-62 doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00706 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00706
15. Brady E. Kendall P. C. Co-morbidity of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents Psychological Bulletin 111 (1992) 244-55 doi:10.1037/0033-2909.111.2.244 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.111.2.244
16. Caspi A. Elder G. H. Bem D. J. Moving away from the world: life-course patterns of shy children Developmental Psychology 24 (6) (1988) 824-31 doi:10.1037/0012-1649.24.6.824 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.24.6.824
17. Clark L. A. Kochanska G. Ready R. Mothers’ personality and its interaction with child temperament as predictors of parenting behavior Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79 (2000) 274-85 doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.2.274 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.79.2.274
18. Collins W. A. Maccoby E. E. Steinberg L. Hetherington E. M. Bornstein M. H. Contemporary research on parenting: the case for nature and nurture American Psychologist 55 (2) (2000) 218-32 doi:10.1037/0003-066X.55.2.218 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.2.218
19. Conger K. Conger R. Differential parenting and change in sibling differences in delinquency Journal of Family Psychology 8 (1994) 287-302 doi:10.1037/0893-3200.8.3.287 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.8.3.287
20. Costello E. J. Child psychiatric disorders and their correlates: a primary care pediatric sample Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 28 (6) (1989) 851-5 doi:10.1097/00004583-198911000-00007 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-198911000-00007
21. Crijnen A. A. M. Achenbach T. M. Verlhulst F. C. Comparisons of problems reported by parents of children in 12 cultures: total problems, externalizing, and internalizing American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 36 (1997) 1269-77 doi:10.1097/00004583-199709000-00020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199709000-00020
22. Dadds, M. R. and Roth, J. H. (2001) Family processes in the development of anxiety problems. In Vasey, M. W. and Dadds, M. R. (eds) The Developmental Psychopathology of Anxiety. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. pp. 3-26.
23. Dadds M. R. Barrett P. M. Rapee R. M. Ryan S. Family process and child anxiety and aggression: an observational analysis Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 24 (1996) 715-34 doi:10.1007/BF01664736 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01664736
24. Duggal S. Carlson E. A. Sroufe L. A. Egeland B. Depressive symptomatology in childhood and adolescence Development and Psychopathology 13 (2001) 143-64 doi:10.1017/S0954579401001109 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579401001109
25. Emde R. N. Plomin R. Robinson J. Corley R. DeFries J. Fulker D. W. Reznick J. S. Campos J. Kagan J. Zahn-Waxler C. Temperament, emotion and cognition at fourteen months: the MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study Child Development 63 (1992) 1437-55 doi:10.2307/1131567 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1131567
26. Fonagy P. Steele H. Steele M. Maternal representations of attachment during pregnancy predict the organization of infant-mother attachment at one year of age Child Development 62 (1991) 891-905 doi:10.2307/1131141 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1131141
27. Frued, S. (1916/1917) General Theory of the Neuroses. Reprinted in Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis. 1973. London: Pelican Books.
28. Garber J. Braafladt N. Weiss B. Affect regulation in depressed and non-depressed children and young adolescents Development and Psychopathology 7 (1995) 93 doi:10.1017/S0954579400006362 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400006362
29. Ge X. Conger R. D. Simons R. L. Best K. M. Parenting behaviors and the occurrence and cooccurrence of adolescent depressive symptoms and conduct problems Developmental Psychology 32 (1996) 717-31 doi:10.1037/0012-1649.32.4.717 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.32.4.717
30. Gest S. D. Behavioral inhibition: stability and associations with adaptation from childhood to early adulthood Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 72 (1997) 467-75 doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.2.467 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.72.2.467
31. Goldsmith H. H. Alansky J. A. Maternal and infant temperamental predictors of attachment: a metaanalytic review Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 55 (1987) 805-16 doi:10.1037/0022-006X.55.6.805 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.55.6.805
32. Gottman J. Analyzing for sequential connection and assessing inter-observer reliability for the sequential analysis of observational data Behavioral Assessment 2 (1980) 361-8
33. Harrington R. Rutter M. Fombonne E. Developmental pathways in depression: multiple meanings, antecedents, and endpoints Development and Psychopathology 8 (1996) 601-16 doi:10.1017/S095457940000732X http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095457940000732X
34. Hibbs E. D. Zahn T. P. Hamburger S. D. Kruesi M. J. P. Rapoport J. L. Parental expressed emotion and psychophysical reactivity in disturbed and normal children British Journal of Psychiatry 160 (1992) 504-10 doi:10.1192/bjp.160.4.504 http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.160.4.504
35. Hogue A. Steinberg L. Homophily of internalized distress in adolescent peer groups Developmental Psychology 31 (1996) 897-906 doi:10.1037/0012-1649.31.6.897 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.31.6.897
36. Hops H. Biglan A. Sherman L. Arthur J. Friedman L. Osteen V. Home observations of family interactions of depressed women Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 55 (1987) 341-6 doi:10.1037/0022-006X.55.3.341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.55.3.341
37. Jenkins J. M. Ball S. Distinguishing between negative emotions: children's understanding of the social regulatory aspects of emotion Cognition and Emotion 14 (2000) 261-82
38. Jenkins J. M. Smith M. A. Factors protecting children living in disharmonious homes: maternal reports Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 29 (1990) 60-9 doi:10.1097/00004583-199001000-00011 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199001000-00011
39. Kashani J. H. Orvaschel H. Anxiety disorders in mid-adolescence: a community sample American Journal of Psychiatry 145 (1988) 960-4
40. Kazdin A. E. Practitioner review: psychosocial treatments for conduct disorder in children Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 38 (2) (1997) 161-78 doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01851.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01851.x
41. Kazdin A. E. Wassell G. Therapeutic changes in children parents and families resulting from treatment of children with conduct problems Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 39 (2000) 414-20 doi:10.1097/00004583-200004000-00009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200004000-00009
42. Kendall, P. S., Chu, B. C., Pimentel, S. S. and Choudhury, M. (2000) Treating anxiety disorders in youth. In Kendall, P. S. (ed.) Child and Adolescent Therapy: Cognitive-Behavioral Procedures, 2nd edition. New York, NY: Guilford, pp. 235-87.
43. Kenny, D. A. (1994) Using the social relations model to understand relationships. In Erber, R. and Gilmour, R. (eds) Theoretical Frameworks for Personal Relationships. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 111-27.
44. Klimes-Dougan B. Bolger A. K. Coping with maternal depressed affect and depression: adolescent children of depressed and well mothers Journal of Youth and Adolescence 27 (1998) 1-15 doi:10.1023/A:1022892630026 http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022892630026
45. Kochanska G. Multiple pathways to conscience for children with different temperaments: from toddlerhood to age 5 Developmental Psychology 33 (1997) 228-40 doi:10.1037/0012-1649.33.2.228 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.33.2.228
46. Kovacs M. Feinberg T. L. Crouse-Novak M. Paulauskas S. L. Finkelstein R. Depressive disorders in childhood: II. A longitudinal study of the risk for subsequent major depression Archives of General Psychiatry 41 (1984) 643-9 doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790180013001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790180013001
47. Kutcher, S., Reiter, S. and Gardner, D. (1995) Pharmacotherapy: approaches and applications. In March, J. S. (ed.) Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents. New York, NY: Guilford Press, pp. 341-85.
48. Last C. G. Perrin S. Hersen M. Kazdin A. E. DSM-III-R anxiety disorders in children: sociodemographic and clinical characteristics Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 31 (6) (1992) 1070-6 doi:10.1097/00004583-199211000-00012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199211000-00012
49. Last C. G. Perrin S. Hersen M. Kazdin A. E. A prospective study of childhood anxiety disorders Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 35 (11) (1996) 1502-10 doi:10.1097/00004583-199611000-00019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199611000-00019
50. Lewinsohn P. M. Clarke G. Hops H. Andrews J. Cognitive-behavioral treatment for depressed adolescents Behavior Therapy 21 (1990) 385-401 doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80353-3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894%2805%2980353-3
51. Lewinsohn P. M. Clarke G. N. Seeley J. R. Rohde P. Major depression in community adolescents: age at onset, episode duration, and time to recurrence Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 33 (1994) 809-18 doi:10.1097/00004583-199407000-00006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199407000-00006
52. Luthar S. S. Cicchetti D. Becker B. The construct of resilience: a critical evaluation and guidelines for future work Child Development 71 (2000) 543-62 doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00164 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00164
53. Manassis, K. (2001) Child-parent relations: Attachment and anxiety disorders. In Silverman, W. K. and Treffers, P. D. A. (eds) Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Research, Assessment and Intervention. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, pp. 255-72.
54. Marks I. M. Gelder M. G. Different ages of onset in varieties of phobia American Journal of Psychiatry 123 (3) (1966) 218-21
55. Masten A. Hubbard J. Gest S. Tellegen A Garmezy N. Ramirez M. Competence in the context of adversity: pathways to resilience and maladaptation from childhood to late adolescence Developmental Psychopathology 11 (1999) 143-69 doi:10.1017/S0954579499001996 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579499001996
56. McCauley E. Myers K. Mitchell. J. Calderon R. Schloredt K. Treder R. Depression in young people: initial presentation and clinical course Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 32 (1993) 714-22 doi:10.1097/00004583-199307000-00003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199307000-00003
57. McGee R. Feehan M. Williams S. Partridge F. Silva P. A. Kelly J. DSM-III disorders in a large sample of adolescents Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 29 (1990) 611-19 doi:10.1097/00004583-199007000-00016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199007000-00016
58. Mortimore, P. (1998) The Road to Improvement. Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets and Zeitlinger.
59. Nachmias M. Gunnar M. Mangelsdorf S. Parritz R. H. Buss K. Behavioral inhibition and stress reactivity: the moderating role of attachment security Child Development 67 (1996) 508-22 doi:10.2307/1131829 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1131829
60. Ollendick T. H. King N. J. Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of internalizing problems in children: the role of longitudinal data Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 62 (1994) 918-27 doi:10.1037/0022-006X.62.5.918 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.62.5.918
61. Owens G. Crowell J. Pan H. Treboux D. The prototype hypothesis and the origins of attachment working models: adult relationships with parents and romantic partners Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development 60 (1995) 133-45
62. Patterson, G. R. (1971) Families: Application of Social Learning Theory to Family Life. Champaign, IL: Research Press.
63. Patterson, G. R. (1982) Coercive Family Process. Eugene, OR: Castalia.
64. Patterson, G. R., Dishion, T. and Reid, J. (1993) Antisocial Boys. Eugene, OR: Castalia.
65. Peterson A. C. Compas B. E. Brooks-Gunn J. Stemmler M. Ey S. Grant K. E. Depression in adolescence American Psychologist 48 (1993) 155-68 doi:10.1037/0003-066X.48.2.155 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.48.2.155
66. Pettit G. S. Bates J. E. Family interaction patterns and children's behavior problems from infancy to 4 years Developmental Psychology 25 (1989) 413-20 doi:10.1037/0012-1649.25.3.413 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.25.3.413
67. Pettit G. S. Bates J. E. Dodge K. A. Supportive parenting, ecological context, and children's adjustment: a seven-year longitudinal study Child Development 68 (5) (1997) 908-23
68. Prinz R. J. Miller G. E. Family-based treatments for childhood antisocial behavior: experimental influences on dropout and engagement Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 62 (1994) 645-50 doi:10.1037/0022-006X.62.3.645 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.62.3.645
69. Quinton, D. and Rutter, M. (1988) Parenting Breakdown: The Making and Breaking of Inter generational Links. Aldershot: Avebury.
70. Rapee R. M. Potential role of childrearing practices in the development of anxiety and depression Clinical Psychology Review 17 (1997) 47-67 doi:10.1016/S0272-7358(96)00040-2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358%2896%2900040-2
71. Richman, N., Stevenson, J. and Graham, P. J. (1982) Preschool to School. London: Academic Press.
72. Rowe D. C. Plomin R. Environmental and genetic influences on dimensions of perceived parenting: a twin study Developmental Psychology 17 (1981) 517-31 doi:10.1037/0012-1649.17.5.517 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.17.5.517
73. Rubin, K. H. (1993) The Waterloo longitudinal project: correlates and consequences of social withdrawal from childhood to adolescence. In Rubin, K. H. and Asendorpf, J. (eds) Social Withdrawal, Inhibition and Shyness in Childhood. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, pp. 291-314.
74. Rutter M. Transitions and turning points in developmental psychopathology: as applied to the age span between childhood and mid-adulthood International Journal of Behavioral Development 19 (1996) 603-26
75. Rutter, M., Tizard, J. and Whitmore, K. (1970) Education, Health and Behavior, Harlow, UK: Longman.
76. Rutter M. Silberg J. O’Connor T. Simonoff E. Genetics and child psychiatry: II. Empirical research findings Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 40 (1999) 19-56
77. Ryan N. D. Puig-Antich J. Ambrosini P. Rabinovich H. Robinson D. Nelson B. Iyengar S. Tworney J. The clinical picture of major depression in children and adolescents Archives of General Psychiatry 44 (1987) 854-86 doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800220016003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800220016003
78. Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S., Earls, F. and Holton, J. (1997) Neighborhoods and violent crime: a multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 15 August 1997.
79. Silverman W. Kurtines W. M. Ginsburg G. S. Weems C. F. Lumpkin P. W. Carmichael D. H. Treating anxiety disorders in children with group cognitive-behavioral therapy: a randomized clinical trial Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 67 (1999) 995-1003 doi:10.1037/0022-006X.67.6.995 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.67.6.995
80. Snijders T. Kenny D. A. The social relations model for family data: a multilevel approach Personal Relationships 6 (1999) 471-86 doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1999.tb00204.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.1999.tb00204.x
81. Stark K. D. Humphrey L. L. Crook K. Lewis K. Perceived family environments of depressed and anxious children: child's and maternal figure's perspectives Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 18 (1990) 527-47 doi:10.1007/BF00911106 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00911106
82. Stark, K. D., Sander, J. B., Yancy, M. G., Bronik, M. D. and Hoke, J. A. (2000) Treatment of depression in childhood and adolescence: cognitive-behavioral procedures for the individual and family. In Kendall, P. S. (ed.) Child and Adolescent Therapy: Cognitive-Behavioral Procedures, 2nd edition. New York, NY: Guilford, pp. 173-233.
83. Stern D. One way to build a clinically relevant baby Infant Mental Health Journal 15 (1994) 9-25 doi:10.1002/1097-0355(199421)15:1<9::AID-IMHJ2280150103>3.0.CO;2-V http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0355%28199421%2915:1%3C9::AID-IMHJ2280150103%3E3.0.CO;2-V
84. Sternberg K. J. Lamb M. E. Greenbaum C. Cicchetti D. Dawud S. Cortes R. M. Krispin O. Lorey F. Effects of domestic violence on children's behavior problems and depression Developmental Psychology 29 (1993) 44-52 doi:10.1037/0012-1649.29.1.44 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.29.1.44
85. Strauss C. Lease C. Last C. Francis G. Overanxious disorder: an examination of developmental differences Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 16 (1988) 433-43 doi:10.1007/BF00914173 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00914173
86. Thapar A. McGuffin P. Are anxiety symptoms in childhood heritable? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 36 (3) (1995) 439-47
87. Topolski T. D. Hewitt J. K. Eaves L. J. Silberg J. Meyer J. M. Rutter M. Pickles A. Simonoff E. Genetic and environmental influences on child reports of manifest anxiety and symptoms of separation anxiety and overanxious disorders: a community-based twin study Behavior Genetics 27 (1997) 15-28 doi:10.1023/A:1025607107566 http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025607107566
88. Van Ijzendoorn M. H. Adult attachment representations, parental responsiveness and infant attachment: a meta-analysis of the predictive validity of the adult attachment interview Psychological Bulletin 117 (1995) 387-403 doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.387 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.387
89. Vasey, M. W. and Dadds, M. R. (2001) An introduction to the developmental psychopathology of anxiety. In Vasey, M. W. and Dadds, M. R. (eds) The Developmental Psychopathology of Anxiety. New York, NY: Oxford, pp. 3-26.
90. Vuchinich S. Emery R. Cassidy J. Family members as third parties in dyadic and family conflict: strategies, alliances and outcomes Child Development 59 (1988) 1293-302 doi:10.2307/1130492 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1130492
91. Warren S. L. Huston L. Egeland B. Sroufe L. A. Child and adolescent anxiety disorders and early attachment Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 36 (1997) 637-44 doi:10.1097/00004583-199705000-00014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199705000-00014
92. Webster-Stratton C. Hammond M. Treating children with early-onset conduct problems: a comparison of child and parent training interventions Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 65 (1997) 93-109 doi:10.1037/0022-006X.65.1.93 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.65.1.93
93. Weiss, D. D. and Last, C. G. (2001) Developmental variations in the prevalence and manifestation of anxiety disorders. In Vasey, M. W. and Dadds, M. R. (eds) The Developmental Psychopathology of Anxiety. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, pp. 27-42.
94. Werner E. Risk, resilience and recovery: perspectives from the Kauai Longitudinal Study Development and Psychopathology 5 (1993) 503-15 doi:10.1017/S095457940000612X http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095457940000612X
95. Wierzbicki M. Pekarik G. A meta-analysis of psychotherapy dropout Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 24 (1993) 190-5 doi:10.1037/0735-7028.24.2.190 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.24.2.190
96. Williams S. Anderson J. McGee R. Silva P. A. Risk factors for behavioral and emotional disorder in preadolescent children Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 29 (1990) 413-19 doi:10.1097/00004583-199005000-00013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199005000-00013
97. Winnicott, D. (1960) Ego distortion in terms of true and false self. Published in The Maturational Processes and the Facilitating Environment: Studies in the Theory of Emotional Development. 1979. London: The Hogarth Press.
98. Zahn-Waxler C. Klimes-Dougan B. Slattery M. J. Internalizing problems of childhood and adolescence: prospects, pitfalls, and progress in understanding the development of anxiety and depression Development and Psychopathology 12 (2000) 443-66 doi:10.1017/S0954579400003102 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400003102