메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 82, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 97-109

Hype versus substance in network television coverage of presidential election campaigns

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTION; TELEVISION;

EID: 20444388352     PISSN: 10776990     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/107769900508200107     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (22)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 20444378551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Basic Beliefs, Democratic Theory, and Public Opinion"
    • ed. Carroll J. Glynn, Susan Herbst, Garrett J. O'Keefe, and Robert Y. Shapiro (Boulder, CO: Westview Press)
    • Bruce Williams and Jill Edy, "Basic Beliefs, Democratic Theory, and Public Opinion," in Public Opinion, ed. Carroll J. Glynn, Susan Herbst, Garrett J. O'Keefe, and Robert Y. Shapiro (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999), 212-45.
    • (1999) Public Opinion , pp. 212-245
    • Williams, B.1    Edy, J.2
  • 3
    • 0002046837 scopus 로고
    • "Public Opinion and Rationality"
    • ed. Theodore L. Glasser and Charles T. Salmon (New York: The Guilford Press)
    • Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann, "Public Opinion and Rationality," in Public Opinion and the Communication of Consent, ed. Theodore L. Glasser and Charles T. Salmon (New York: The Guilford Press, 1995), 33-54;
    • (1995) Public Opinion and the Communication of Consent , pp. 33-54
    • Noelle-Neumann, E.1
  • 4
    • 79957239528 scopus 로고
    • (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press)
    • Michael Schudson, The Power of News (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995).
    • (1995) The Power of News
    • Schudson, M.1
  • 7
    • 85039394581 scopus 로고
    • 4th ed. (Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press)
    • Doris A. Graber, Mass Media and American Politics, 4th ed. (Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press, 1993);
    • (1993) Mass Media and American Politics
    • Graber, D.A.1
  • 8
    • 20444382788 scopus 로고
    • "Can Democracy Survive Television?"
    • ed. Doris A. Graber (Washington, DC: C Q Press)
    • Jarol B. Manheim, "Can Democracy Survive Television?" in Media Power in Politics, ed. Doris A. Graber (Washington, DC: C Q Press, 1984), 131-37;
    • (1984) Media Power in Politics , pp. 131-137
    • Manheim, J.B.1
  • 9
    • 85039405941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated"
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, online at
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated," online at 2000;
    • (2000)
  • 10
    • 85039365635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Public's News Habits Little Changed by September 11"
    • The Pew Research Center for the People and the Press, online at 9 June
    • The Pew Research Center for the People and the Press, "Public's News Habits Little Changed by September 11," online at 9 June 2002.
    • (2002)
  • 11
    • 85039405941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated"
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated."
  • 12
    • 85039411074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Stick with Veterans"
    • 19 December sec. 2
    • Bob Sirott, "Stick with Veterans," The Chicago Tribune, 19 December 2004, sec. 2.
    • (2004) The Chicago Tribune
    • Sirott, B.1
  • 13
    • 0035593854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Studying the New Communication of Politics"
    • (April)
    • Steven H. Chaffee, "Studying the New Communication of Politics," Political Communication 18 (April 2001): 237-44;
    • (2001) Political Communication , vol.18 , pp. 237-244
    • Chaffee, S.H.1
  • 14
    • 0002042452 scopus 로고
    • "Time of Decision and Media Use During the Ford-Carter Campaign"
    • (spring)
    • Steven H. Chaffee and Sun Yuel Choe, "Time of Decision and Media Use During the Ford-Carter Campaign," Public Opinion Quarterly 44 (spring 1980): 53-69;
    • (1980) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.44 , pp. 53-69
    • Chaffee, S.H.1    Choe, S.Y.2
  • 17
    • 85039405941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated"
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated."
  • 18
    • 85039405941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated"
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated."
  • 19
    • 0007240782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Time of Vote Decision and Openness to Persuasion"
    • ed. Diana C. Mutz, Paul M. Sniderman, and Richard A. Brody (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press)
    • Steven H. Chaffee and Rajiv Nath Rimal, "Time of Vote Decision and Openness to Persuasion," in Political Persuasion and Attitude Change, ed. Diana C. Mutz, Paul M. Sniderman, and Richard A. Brody (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996), 267-91.
    • (1996) Political Persuasion and Attitude Change , pp. 267-291
    • Chaffee, S.H.1    Rimal, R.N.2
  • 20
    • 85039405941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated"
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated."
  • 21
    • 85039394498 scopus 로고
    • ABC World News Tonight with Peter Jennings
    • American Broadcasting Company, 30 October
    • American Broadcasting Company, ABC World News Tonight with Peter Jennings, 30 October 1992.
    • (1992)
  • 22
    • 85039407172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Poll Track"
    • Politics Now, online at
    • Politics Now, "Poll Track," online at 1996.
    • (1996)
  • 23
    • 85039405941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated"
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated."
  • 24
    • 85039409464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Voter Details, Six Day Sample: Six Days Worth of Presidential Demographics"
    • Rasmussen Research, online at 4 November
    • Rasmussen Research, "Voter Details, Six Day Sample: Six Days Worth of Presidential Demographics," online at 4 November 2000.
    • (2000)
  • 25
    • 85039403016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "National Popular Vote Appears Very Close as of Sunday"
    • The Gallup Organization, online at 5 November
    • The Gallup Organization, "National Popular Vote Appears Very Close as of Sunday," online at 5 November 2000.
    • (2000)
  • 26
    • 85039411878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Popular Vote in Presidential Race Too Close to Call"
    • The Gallup Organization, online at 7 November
    • The Gallup Organization, "Popular Vote in Presidential Race Too Close to Call," online at 7 November 2000.
    • (2000)
  • 27
    • 85039405941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated"
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press
    • The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, "Despite Uncertain Outcome Campaign 2000 Highly Rated."
  • 28
    • 85039409593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Broadcasting Company, 7 November
    • National Broadcasting Company, NBC Nightly News with Tom Brokaw, 7 November 2000.
    • (2000) NBC Nightly News With Tom Brokaw
  • 29
    • 0000917095 scopus 로고
    • "Horse-Race Journalism: Reporting the Polls in the 1976 Presidential Election"
    • (winter)
    • C. Anthony Broh, "Horse-Race Journalism: Reporting the Polls in the 1976 Presidential Election," Public Opinion Quarterly 44 (winter 1980): 515-49;
    • (1980) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.44 , pp. 515-549
    • Broh, C.A.1
  • 30
    • 0039905017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Presidential Preference Polls and Network News"
    • ed. William C. Adams (Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation)
    • C. Anthony Broh, "Presidential Preference Polls and Network News," in Television Coverage of the 1980 Presidential Campaign, ed. William C. Adams (Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation, 1983), 29-48;
    • (1983) Television Coverage of the 1980 Presidential Campaign , pp. 29-48
    • Broh, C.A.1
  • 31
    • 0003337371 scopus 로고
    • "General Election Coverage: Part I"
    • ed. M. Robinson and A. Ranney (Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research)
    • M. Clancey and M. J. Robinson, "General Election Coverage: Part I," in The Mass Media in Campaign '84: Articles from Public Opinion Magazine, ed. M. Robinson and A. Ranney (Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1985), 27-33;
    • (1985) The Mass Media in Campaign '84: Articles from Public Opinion Magazine , pp. 27-33
    • Clancey, M.1    Robinson, M.J.2
  • 32
    • 84925899296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Press and TV as Opinion Resources in Presidential Campaigns"
    • Doris Graber, "Press and TV as Opinion Resources in Presidential Campaigns," Public Opinion Quarterly 40 (1976): 285-303;
    • (1976) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.40 , pp. 285-303
    • Graber, D.1
  • 34
    • 3042860767 scopus 로고
    • "Content Analysis"
    • ed. Dan D. Nimmo and Keith R. Sanders (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications)
    • C. Richard Hofstetter, "Content Analysis," in Handbook of Political Communication, ed. Dan D. Nimmo and Keith R. Sanders (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, 1981), 529-60;
    • (1981) Handbook of Political Communication , pp. 529-560
    • Hofstetter, C.R.1
  • 36
    • 20444410822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Campaign '96 Final: How TV News Covered the General Election"
    • (Washington, DC: Center for Media and Public Affairs, November/ December), online at
    • S. Robert Lichter and Linda S. Lichter, "Campaign '96 Final: How TV News Covered the General Election," in Media Monitor (Washington, DC: Center for Media and Public Affairs, November/December 1996), online at ;
    • (1996) Media Monitor
    • Lichter, S.R.1    Lichter, L.S.2
  • 37
    • 20444399882 scopus 로고
    • "The 1976 Horserace"
    • (spring)
    • Thomas E. Patterson, "The 1976 Horserace," The Wilson Quarterly 1 (spring 1977): 73-79;
    • (1977) The Wilson Quarterly , vol.1 , pp. 73-79
    • Patterson, T.E.1
  • 41
    • 85039396616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Horse-Race Journalism: Reporting the Polls in the 1976 Presidential Election"
    • Broh, "Horse-Race Journalism: Reporting the Polls in the 1976 Presidential Election," 515-49;
    • Broh, C.A.1
  • 42
    • 0039905017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Presidential Preference Polls and Network News"
    • Broh, "Presidential Preference Polls and Network News," 29-48;
    • Broh, C.A.1
  • 43
    • 85039399231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "General Election Coverage: Part I"
    • Clancey and Robinson, "General Election Coverage: Part I," 27-33;
    • Clancey, M.1    Robinson, M.J.2
  • 44
    • 84925899296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Press and TV as Opinion Resources in Presidential Campaigns"
    • Graber, "Press and TV as Opinion Resources in Presidential Campaigns," 285-303;
    • Graber, D.A.1
  • 46
    • 0004174191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press)
    • C. Richard Hofstetter, Bias in the News (Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 1976);
    • (1976) Bias in the News
    • Hofstetter, C.R.1
  • 47
    • 0009119492 scopus 로고
    • "News Bias in the 1972 Campaign: A Cross-Media Comparison"
    • C. Richard Hofstetter, "News Bias in the 1972 Campaign: A Cross-Media Comparison," Journalism Monographs 58 (1978): 1-30;
    • (1978) Journalism Monographs , vol.58 , pp. 1-30
    • Hofstetter, C.R.1
  • 48
    • 85039394447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Campaign '96 Final: How TV News Covered the General Election"
    • Lichter and Lichter, "Campaign '96 Final: How TV News Covered the General Election";
    • Lichter, S.R.1    Lichter, L.S.2
  • 49
    • 0002035131 scopus 로고
    • "Reading the Wind: Reflections on Content Analysis of Broadcast News"
    • ed. William Adams and Fay Schreibman (Washington, DC: School of Public and International Affairs, George Washington University)
    • Lawrence W. Lichty and G. A. Bailey, "Reading the Wind: Reflections on Content Analysis of Broadcast News," in Television Network News: Issues in Content Research, ed. William Adams and Fay Schreibman (Washington, DC: School of Public and International Affairs, George Washington University, 1978), 111-37;
    • (1978) Television Network News: Issues in Content Research , pp. 111-137
    • Lichty, L.W.1    Bailey, G.A.2
  • 51
    • 84973684955 scopus 로고
    • "Untwisting the News Twisters: A Replication of Efron's Study"
    • (summer)
    • Robert L. Stevenson, Richard A. Eisinger, Barry M. Feinberg, and Alan B. Kotok, "Untwisting the News Twisters: a Replication of Efron's Study," Journalism Quarterly 50 (summer 1973): 211-19.
    • (1973) Journalism Quarterly , vol.50 , pp. 211-219
    • Stevenson, R.L.1    Eisinger, R.A.2    Feinberg, B.M.3    Kotok, A.B.4
  • 52
    • 85039396616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Horse-Race Journalism: Reporting the Polls in the 1976 Presidential Election"
    • Broh, "Horse-Race Journalism: Reporting the Polls in the 1976 Presidential Election," 515-49;
    • Broh, C.A.1
  • 53
    • 84925899296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Press and TV as Opinion Resources in Presidential Campaigns"
    • Graber, "Press and TV as Opinion Resources in Presidential Campaigns," 285-303.
    • Graber, D.A.1
  • 54
    • 0038916528 scopus 로고
    • "Encoding TV News Messages into Memory"
    • (winter)
    • Tom Grimes, "Encoding TV News Messages into Memory," Journalism Quarterly 67 (winter 1990): 757-66;
    • (1990) Journalism Quarterly , vol.67 , pp. 757-766
    • Grimes, T.1
  • 55
    • 84986413869 scopus 로고
    • "Mild Auditory-Visual Dissonance in Television News May Exceed Viewer Attentional Capacity"
    • (December)
    • Tom Grimes, "Mild Auditory-Visual Dissonance in Television News May Exceed Viewer Attentional Capacity," Human Communication Research 18 (December 1991): 268-98.
    • (1991) Human Communication Research , vol.18 , pp. 268-298
    • Grimes, T.1
  • 56
    • 85039402481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Encoding TV News Messages into Memory"
    • Grimes, "Encoding TV News Messages into Memory";
    • Grimes, T.1
  • 57
    • 85039400771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Mild Auditory-Visual Dissonance in Television News May Exceed Viewer Attentional Capacity"
    • Grimes, "Mild Auditory-Visual Dissonance in Television News May Exceed Viewer Attentional Capacity."
    • Grimes, T.1
  • 58
    • 0029340352 scopus 로고
    • "Why There are Complementary Learning Systems in the Hippocampus and Neocortex: Insights from the Successes and Failures of Connectionist Models of Learning and Memory"
    • (July)
    • James L. McClelland, Bruce L. McNaughton, and Randall C. O'Reilly, "Why There are Complementary Learning Systems in the Hippocampus and Neocortex: Insights from the Successes and Failures of Connectionist Models of Learning and Memory," Psychological Review 102 (July 1995): 419-57.
    • (1995) Psychological Review , vol.102 , pp. 419-457
    • McClelland, J.L.1    McNaughton, B.L.2    O'Reilly, R.C.3
  • 59
    • 58149414175 scopus 로고
    • "Mental Imagery in Associative Learning and Memory"
    • Allan Paivo, "Mental Imagery in Associative Learning and Memory," Psychological Review 76 (1969): 241-63;
    • (1969) Psychological Review , vol.76 , pp. 241-263
    • Paivo, A.1
  • 62
    • 34248944813 scopus 로고
    • "Depth of Processing and Retention of Words in Episodic Memory"
    • (September)
    • Fergus I. M. Craik and Endel Tulving, "Depth of Processing and Retention of Words in Episodic Memory," Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 104 (September 1975): 268-94.
    • (1975) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.104 , pp. 268-294
    • Craik, F.I.M.1    Tulving, E.2
  • 63
    • 84965527464 scopus 로고
    • "Multiple Resource Theory I: Application to Television Viewing"
    • (April)
    • Michael D. Basil, "Multiple Resource Theory I: Application to Television Viewing," Communication Research 21 (April 1994): 177-207.
    • (1994) Communication Research , vol.21 , pp. 177-207
    • Basil, M.D.1
  • 64
    • 84970325782 scopus 로고
    • "Defining Audio/Video Redundancy from a Limited-Capacity Information Processing Perspective"
    • (February)
    • Annie Lang, "Defining Audio/Video Redundancy from a Limited-Capacity Information Processing Perspective," Communication Research 22 (February 1995): 86-115.
    • (1995) Communication Research , vol.22 , pp. 86-115
    • Lang, A.1
  • 65
    • 0013040723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Something for Nothing: Is Visual Encoding Automatic?"
    • Annie Lang, Robert Potter, and Paul Bolls, "Something for Nothing: Is Visual Encoding Automatic?" Media Psychology 1 (1999): 145-63.
    • (1999) Media Psychology , vol.1 , pp. 145-163
    • Lang, A.1    Potter, R.2    Bolls, P.3
  • 66
    • 85039405309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Local News, Network News and the 1992 Presidential Campaign"
    • (paper presented to the American Political Science Association annual meeting, Chicago, IL, September)
    • Ann N. Crigler, Marion R. Just, and Timothy E. Cook, "Local News, Network News and the 1992 Presidential Campaign" (paper presented to the American Political Science Association annual meeting, Chicago, IL, September 1992);
    • (1992)
    • Crigler, A.N.1    Just, M.R.2    Cook, T.E.3
  • 67
    • 0011607927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Kind Pictures and Harsh Words: How Television Presents the Candidates"
    • ed. K. Lehman Schlozman (Winchester, MA: Allen & Unwin, Inc.,)
    • Doris A. Graber, "Kind Pictures and Harsh Words: How Television Presents the Candidates," in Elections in America, ed. K. Lehman Schlozman (Winchester, MA: Allen & Unwin, Inc., 1987), 115-41;
    • (1987) Elections in America , pp. 115-141
    • Graber, D.A.1
  • 69
    • 0011607927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Kind Pictures and Harsh Words: How Television Presents the Candidates"
    • Graber, "Kind Pictures and Harsh Words: How Television Presents the Candidates," 115-41;
    • Graber, D.A.1
  • 71
    • 85039405309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Local News, Network News and the 1992 Presidential Campaign"
    • Crigler, Just, and Cook, "Local News, Network News and the 1992 Presidential Campaign."
    • Crigler, A.N.1    Just, M.R.2    Cook, T.E.3
  • 72
    • 85039405309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Local News, Network News and the 1992 Presidential Campaign"
    • Crigler, Just, and Cook, "Local News, Network News and the 1992 Presidential Campaign";
    • Crigler, A.N.1    Just, M.R.2    Cook, T.E.3
  • 74
    • 85039405309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Local News, Network News and the 1992 Presidential Campaign"
    • Crigler, Just, and Cook, "Local News, Network News and the 1992 Presidential Campaign";
    • Crigler, A.N.1    Just, M.R.2    Cook, T.E.3
  • 75
    • 0011607927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Kind Pictures and Harsh Words: How Television Presents the Candidates"
    • Graber, "Kind Pictures and Harsh Words: How Television Presents the Candidates," 115-41;
    • Graber, D.A.1
  • 81
    • 0007328954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Sample Size in Multi-Year Content Analyses of Monthly Consumer Magazines"
    • (summer)
    • Stephen Lacy, Daniel Riffe, and Quint Randle, "Sample Size in Multi-Year Content Analyses of Monthly Consumer Magazines," Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 75 (summer 1998): 408-417.
    • (1998) Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly , vol.75 , pp. 408-417
    • Lacy, S.1    Riffe, D.2    Randle, Q.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.