The tree seedling bank in an ancient montane forest: Stress tolerators in a productive habitat

Journal of Ecology

Volumn 93, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 536-543

  Antos, Joseph A ^a   Guest, Heidi J ^a   Parish, Roberta ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA   (Canada)

^b RESEARCH BRANCH   (Canada)

Author keywords

Abies amabilis; Chamaecyparis nootkatensis; Old growth forest; Population ecology; Seedling bank; Stand dynamics; Stress tolerators; Tree growth; Tsuga

Indexed keywords

AGE STRUCTURE; GROWTH RATE; MONTANE FOREST; POPULATION ECOLOGY; SEED BANK; SEEDLING; SHADE TOLERANCE;

BRITISH COLUMBIA; CANADA; NORTH AMERICA; WESTERN HEMISPHERE; WORLD;

ABIES; ABIES AMABILIS; CHAMAECYPARIS; CHAMAECYPARIS NOOTKATENSIS; TSUGA; TSUGA HETEROPHYLLA; TSUGA MERTENSIANA;

EID: 20444377791     PISSN: 00220477     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.00968.x     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Antos, J.A., Parish, R. & Conley, K. (2000) Age structure and growth of the tree-seedling bank in subalpine spruce-fir forests of south-central British Columbia. American Midland Naturalist, 143, 342-354.
2. Antos, J.A. & Zobel, D.B. (1984) Ecological implications of belowground morphology of nine coniferous forest herbs. Botanical Gazette, 145, 508-517.
3. Antos, J.A. & Zobel, D.B. (1986) Habitat relationships of Chamaecyparis nootkatensis in southern Washington, Oregon and California. Canadian Journal of Botany, 64, 1898-1909.
4. Bierzychudek, P. (1982) Life histories and demography of shade-tolerant temperate forest herbs: a review. New Phytologist, 90, 757-776.
5. Blundell, A.G. & Peart, D.R. (2001) Growth strategies of a shade-tolerant tropical tree: the interactive effects of canopy gaps and simulated herbivory. Journal of Ecology, 89, 608-615.
6. Bowers, J.E., Webb, R.H. & Rondeau, R.J. (1995) Longevity, recruitment and mortality of desert plants in Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA. Journal of Vegetation Science, 6, 551-564.
7. Brett, R.B. & Klinka, K. (1998) A transition from gap to tree-island regeneration patterns in the subalpine forest of south-coastal British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 28, 1825-1831.
8. Canham, C.D. (1988) Growth and canopy architecture of shade-tolerant trees: response to canopy gaps. Ecology, 69, 786-795.
9. Clark, D.A. & Clark, D.B. (2001) Getting to the canopy: tree height growth in a neotropical rain forest. Ecology, 82, 1450-1472.
10. Deevey, E.S. (1947) Life tables for natural populations of animals. Quarterly Review of Biology, 22, 283-314.
11. DesRochers, A. & Gagnon, R. (1997) Is ring count at ground level a good estimation of black spruce age? Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 27, 1263-1267.
12. Draper, N.R. & Smith, H. (1981) Applied Regression Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
13. Drezner, T.D. (2003) Saguaro (Carnegia gigantea, Cactaceae) age-height relationships and growth: the development of a general growth curve. American Journal of Botany, 90, 911-914.
14. Duchesneau, R. & Morin, H. (1999) Early seedling demography in balsam fir seedling banks. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 29, 1502-1509.
15. Everham, E.M. III & Brokaw, N.V.L. (1996) Forest damage and recovery from catastrophic wind. Botanical Review, 62, 113-185.
16. George, L.O. & Bazzaz, F.A. (1999) The fern understory as an ecological filter: growth and survival of canopy-tree seedlings. Ecology, 80, 846-856.
17. Goldberg, D.E. & Turner, R.M. (1986) Vegetation change and plant demography in permanent plots in the Sonoran Desert. Ecology, 67, 695-712.
18. Grime, J.P. (1977) Evidence for the existence of three primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory. American Naturalist, 111, 1169-1194.
19. Grime, J.P. (1979) Plant Strategies and Vegetation Processes. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
20. Grime, J.P., Thompson, K., Hunt, R., Hodgson, J.G., Cornelissen, J.H.C. et al. (1997) Integrated screening validates primary axes of specialisation in plants. Oikos, 79, 259-281.
21. Hunter, J.C. & Barbour, M.G. (2001) Through-growth by Pseudotsuga menziesii: a mechanism for change in forest composition without canopy gaps. Journal of Vegetation Science, 12, 445-452.
22. Kato, K. & Yamamoto, S.-I. (2001) Effects of canopy heterogeneity on the sapling bank dynamics of a subalpine old-growth forest, central Japan. Ecoscience, 8, 96-104.
23. King, D.A. (1997) Branch growth and biomass allocation in Abies amabilis saplings in contrasting light environments. Tree Physiology, 17, 251-258.
24. Kitajima, K. (1994) Relative importance of photosynthetic traits and allocation patterns as correlates of seedling shade tolerance of 13 tropical trees. Oecologia, 98, 419-428.
25. Kneeshaw, D.D. & Claveau, Y. (2001) Comment - Effects of adventitious roots on age determination in balsam fir regeneration. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 31, 1292-1295.
26. Kobe, R.K. & Coates, K.D. (1997) Models of sapling mortality as a function of growth to characterize interspecific variation in shade tolerance of eight tree species of northwestern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 27, 227-236.
27. Kobe, R.K., Pacala, S.W., Silander, J.A. Jr & Canham, C.D. (1995) Juvenile tree survivorship as a component of shade tolerance. Ecological Applications, 5, 517-532.
28. Kohyama, T. (1983) Seedling stage of two subalpine Abies species in distinction from sapling stage: a matter-economic analysis. Botanical Magazine, Tokyo, 96, 49-65.
29. Körner, C. (2003) Limitation and stress - always or never? Journal of Vegetation Science, 14, 141-143.
30. Lertzman, K.P. (1992) Patterns of gap-phase replacement in a subalpine, old-growth forest. Ecology, 73, 657-669.
31. Lertzman, K.P. & Krebs, C.J. (1991) Gap-phase structure of a subalpine old-growth forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 21, 1730-1741.
32. Marks, P.L. & Gardescu, S. (1998) A case study of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) as a forest seedling bank species. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, 125, 287-296.
33. Minore, D. (1979) Comparative Autecological Characteristics of Northwestern Tree Species - a Literature Review. General Technical Report PNW-87. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Portland, Oregon.
34. Miriti, M.N., Wright, S.J. & Howe, H.F. (2001) The effects of neighbors on the demography of a dominant desert shrub (Ambrosia dumosa). Ecological Monographs, 71, 491-509.
35. Mori, A. & Takeda, H. (2004) Effects of mixedwood canopies on conifer advance regeneration in a subalpine old-growth forest in central Japan. Ecoscience, 11, 36-44.
36. Oliver, C.D. & Larson, B.C. (1990) Forest Stand Dynamics. McGraw-Hill, New York.
37. Parent, S. & Morin, H. (2002) Reply - Effects of adventitious roots on age determination in balsam fir regeneration. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32, 1296-1300.
38. Parent, S., Morin, H. & Messier, C. (2000) Effects of adventitious roots on age determination in balsam fir (Abies balsamea) regeneration. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 30, 513-518.
39. Parent, S., Morin, H. & Messier, C. (2002) Missing growth rings at the trunk base in suppressed balsam fir saplings. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32, 1776-1783.
40. Parish, R. & Antos, J.A. (2004) Structure and dynamics of an ancient montane forest in coastal British Columbia. Oecologia, 141, 562-576.
41. SAS Institute (1990) SAS Onlinedoc®, Version 8. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina.
42. Silvertown, J., Franco, M., Pisanty, I. & Mendoza, A. (1993) Comparative plant demography - relative importance of life-cycle components to the finite rate of increase in woody and herbaceous perennials. Journal of Ecology, 81, 465-476.
43. Veblen, T.T., Hadley, K.S., Reid, M.S. & Rebertus, A.J. (1991) The response of subalpine forests to spruce beetle outbreak in Colorado. Ecology, 72, 213-231.
44. Watson, I.W., Westoby, M. & Holm, A.McR. (1997) Demography of two shrub species from an arid grazed ecosystem in Western Australia. Journal of Ecology, 85, 815-832.
45. Whitmore, T.C. (1984) Tropical Rain Forests of the Far East. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
46. Wilson, M.V. (1991) Age structure patterns in Abies amabilis stands of the Cascade Mountains. American Midland Naturalist, 125, 331-339.
47. Wilson, J.B. & Lee, W.G. (2000) C-S-R triangle theory: community-level predictions, tests, evaluation of criticisms, and relation to other theories. Oikos, 91, 77-96.
48. Zobel, D.B. & Antos, J.A. (1991) Growth and development of natural seedlings of Abies and Tsuga in old-growth forest. Journal of Ecology, 79, 985-998.