Automatic scalable face model design for 2D model-based video coding

Signal Processing: Image Communication

Volumn 19, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 421-436

  Hu, M ^a   Worrall, S ^a   Sadka, A H ^a   Kondoz, A M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SURREY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Face detection; Facial feature extraction; Model based video coding; Scalable compression; Scalable face modelling

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; BIT ERROR RATE; DECODING; HIERARCHICAL SYSTEMS; IMAGE SEGMENTATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; RELIABILITY; WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS;

MODEL-BASED VIDEO CODING; PIXELS; SCALABLE COMPRESSION; SCALABLE FACE MODELING;

IMAGE CODING;

EID: 2042481349     PISSN: 09235965     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.image.2004.02.003     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Aach T., Kaup A. Statistical model-based change detection in moving video. Signal Process. 31:1993;165-180.
2. Altunbasak Y., Tekalp A.M. Occlusion-adaptive, content-based mesh design and forward tracking. IEEE Trans. Image Processing. 6(9):1997;1270-1280.
3. Canny J. A computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 8(6):1986;679-698.
4. Chai D., Ngan K.N. Face segmentation using skin-color map in videophone applications. IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. 9(4):1999;551-564.
5. Deng J.Y., Lai F. Region-based template deformation and masking for eye feature extraction and description. Pattern Recogn. 30(3):1997;403-419.
6. Eisert P., Wiegand T., Girod B. Model-aided coding. a new approach in incorporate facial animation into motion compensated video coding IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. 10(3):2000;344-358.
7. M. Hu, A new compression scheme for scalable video transmission, Technique Report, CCSR, University of Surrey, October 2002.
8. Hu M., Worrall S., Sadka A.H., Kondoz A.M. Model design for scalable 2-dimensional model-based video coding. IEE Electron. Lett. 38(24):2002;1513- 1515.
9. Hsu R.-L., Abdel-Mottaleb M., Jain A.K. Face detection in colour images. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 24(5):2001;696-706.
10. M. Kampmann, Estimation of the chin and cheek contours for precise face model adaptation, in: Proceedings of ICIP'97, 1997, pp. 300-304.
11. Kuo C.J., Huang R.-S., Lin T.-G. 3-D facial model estimation from single front-view facial image. IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. 12(3):2002;183-192.
12. Maio D., Maltoni D. Real-time face location on gray-scale static image. Pattern Recogn. 33(9):2000;1525-1539.
13. Murat Tekalp A., Altunbasak Y., Bozdagi G. Two- versus three-dimensional object-based video compression. IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. 7(2):1997;391-397.
14. Nakaya Y., Harashima H. Motion compensation based on spatial transformation. IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. 4(3):1994;339-356.
15. J.-R. Ohm, B. Makai, Feature-similarity retrieval of face images based on 2-D model description, in: Proceedings of WIAMIS'99, Berlin, May 1999.
16. Pearson D.E. Developments in model-based video coding. Proc. IEEE. 83(6):1995;892-906.
17. S.L. Phung, ECU face detection database, Edith Cowan University, School of Engineering and Mathematics, 2002, Available at: http://www.soem.ecu.edu.au/ ~sphung/face_detection/database/.
18. Rousseeuw P.J., Leroy A.M. Robust Regression and Outlier Detection. 1987;Wiley, New York.
19. Rowley H.A., Baluja S., Kanade T. Neural Network-based Face Detection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 20(1):1998;23-38.
20. R.L. Rudianto, K.N. Ngan, Automatic 3-D wireframe model fitting to frontal facial image in model-based video coding, in: Picture Coding Symposium (PCS'96), 1996, pp. 585-588.
21. Saber A., Tekalp A.M. Frontal-view face detection and facial feature extraction using colour shape and symmetry based cost functions. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 19(8):1998;669-680.
22. J. Shi, C. Tomasi, Good features to track, in: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference CVPR, 1994, pp. 593-600.
23. Smith S.M., Brady J.M. SUSAN - a new approach to low level image processing. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 23(1):1997;45-78.
24. K. Sobottka, I. Pitas, Face localization and feature extraction based on shape and colour information, in: Proceedings of International Conference on IP (ICIP-96), 1996, pp. 483-486.
25. Sobottka K., Pitas I. A novel method for automatic face segmentation. Facial Feature Extract. Track. Signal Process.: Image Commun. 12(2):1998;263-281.
26. Sung K., Poggio T. Example-based learning for view-based human face detection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 20(1):1998;39-51.
27. van Beek P., Tekalp A.M., Zhuang N., Celasum I., Xia M. Hierarchical 2-D mesh representation, tracking, and compression for object-based video. IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. 9(2):1999;353-369.
28. Waters K. A muscle model for animating three-dimensional facial expression. Comput. Graph. 21(4):1987;17-24.
29. Wong K.-W., Lam K.-M., Siu W.-C. A robust scheme for live detection of human faces in colour images. Signal Process.: Image Commun. 18(2):2003;103-114.
30. C. Xu, J.L. Prince, 1997, Gradient vector flow: a new external force for snakes, in: Proceeding of International Conference on CVPR'97, 1997, pp. 66-71.
31. Yang M.-H., Kriegman D., Ahuja N. Detecting faces in images. a survey IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 24(1):2002;34-58.
32. Yulle A.L., Hallinan P.W., Cohen D.S. Feature extraction from face using deformable templates. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 8(2):1992;99-111.