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Volumn 308, Issue 5727, 2005, Pages 1446-1450

Chemistry: Production of liquid alkanes by aqueous-phase processing of biomass-derived carbohydrates

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOMASS; CARBOHYDRATES; CATALYSTS; CONDENSATION; DEHYDRATION; FUEL SYSTEMS; HYDROPHOBICITY; LIQUIDS; MOLECULAR WEIGHT;

EID: 20344372708     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1111166     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (1556)

References (30)
  • 7
    • 0842296552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • report no. 814, Office of the Chief Economist, U.S. Department of Agriculture
    • H. Shapouri, J. A. Duffield, M. Wang, The Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol: An Update (report no. 814, Office of the Chief Economist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2002; available at www.usda.gov/oce/ oepnu/aer-814.pdf).
    • (2002) The Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol: An Update
    • Shapouri, H.1    Duffield, J.A.2    Wang, M.3
  • 8
    • 3142586935 scopus 로고
    • D. L. Klass, C. H. Emert, Eds. (Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, MI)
    • R. Katzen et al., in Fuels from Biomass and Wastes, D. L. Klass, C. H. Emert, Eds. (Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, MI, 1981), pp. 393-402.
    • (1981) Fuels from Biomass and Wastes , pp. 393-402
    • Katzen, R.1
  • 9
    • 20344399344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In these calculations, we used values of the energy required for corn production, corn transportation, ethanol conversion, and ethanol transportation reported by Shapouri et al. (7); we used yields for sugar and ethanol production reported by Klass (2); and we assumed that sugars were converted to alkanes as given by a stoichiometry analogous to Eq. 3. (76).
  • 16
    • 20344405392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online.
  • 17
    • 20344370665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Whereas the solubility of furfural-acetone (1:1) is low in water, we have determined that hydrogenation of the furan ring in the adduct increases the solubility in water to values higher than 35 wt %.
  • 22
    • 3042702640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. Lewkowski, ARKIVOC 2001, 17 (2001), available at www.arkat-usa.org/ ark/journal/2001/l01_General/ 403/0113_index.asp.
    • (2001) ARKIVOC , vol.2001 , pp. 17
    • Lewkowski, J.1
  • 23
    • 20344368520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Aqueous-phase aldol condensation reactions have previously been carried out with glyceraldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, formaldehyde, and butyraldehyde using both homogeneous and heterogeneous base catalysts (24, 28). Cross-condensation of furfural with acetone has been conducted using amino-functionalized mesoporous base catalysts (29). Mixed Mg-AI-oxides have previously been used as solid base catalysts for liquid-phase aldol-condensation reactions (25-27).
  • 30
    • 20344397315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, NSF Chemical and Transport Systems Division of the Directorate for Engineering, and Conoco-Phillips. We thank M. Mavrikakis and R. Cortright for ongoing discussions, Y.-Y. Luk for help with aldol-condensation reactions, and E. L. Sughrue (Conoco-Phillips) and D. E. Resasco (University of Oklahoma) for helpful discussions about diesel fuel


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.