On the shore of a fluctuating lake: Environmental evidence from Ohalo II (19,500 B.P.)

Israel Journal of Earth Sciences

Volumn 53, Issue 3-4, 2004, Pages 207-223

  Nadel, Dani ^a   Tsatskin, Alexander ^a   Belmaker, Miriam ^b   Boaretto, Elisabetta ^c   Kislev, Mordechai ^d   Mienis, Henk ^b   Rabinovich, Rivka ^b   Simchoni, Orit ^d   Simmons, Tal ^e,f   Weiss, Ehud ^d,g   Zohar, Irit ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA   (Israel)

^b HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

^c WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE   (Israel)

^d BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^e BOURNEMOUTH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^f WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; CLIMATE CHANGE; LAKE LEVEL; PALEOENVIRONMENT; PLEISTOCENE; TECTONIC PHENOMENA;

ASIA; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; EURASIA; ISRAEL; MIDDLE EAST; NORTHERN DISTRICT; SEA OF GALILEE; WORLD;

EID: 19944434310     PISSN: 00212164     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1560/V3CU-EBR7-UKAT-UCA6     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Bar-Mathews, M., Ayalon, A., Kaufman, A,, Wasserburg, G.J. 1999. The eastern Mediterranean paleoclimate as a reflection of regional events: Soreq cave, Israel. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 166: 85-95.
2. Bar-Oz, G., Dayan, T., Kaufman, D. 1999. The Epipalaeolithic faunal sequence in Israel: a view from Neve David. Journal of Archaeological Science 26: 67-82.
3. Bartov, Y., Stein, M., Enzel, Y., Agnon, A., Reches, Z. 2002. Lake levels and sequence stratigraphy of Lake Lisan, the late Pleistocene precursor of the Dead Sea. Quaternary Research 57: 9-21.
4. Baruch, U., Bottema, S. 1991. Palynological evidence for climatic changes in the Levant ca. 17,000-9,000 B.P. In: Bar-Yosef, O., Valla, F.R., eds. The Natufian culture in the Levant. International Monographs in Prehistory, Archaeological Series 1. Ann Arbor, MI, pp. 11-20.
5. Bar-Yosef, O., Gopher, A., eds. 1997. An early Neolithic village in the Jordan Valley. Part I: The archaeology of Netiv Hagdud. American School of Prehistoric Research, Bulletin 44. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
6. Bar-Yosef, O., Goldberg, P., Levenson, T. 1974. Late Quaternary stratigraphy and prehistory in Wadi Fazael, Jordan Valley: a preliminary report. Paléorient 2(2): 415-428.
7. Bar-Yosef, O., Goren-Inbar, N. 1993. The Lithic assemblages of Ubeidiya. A lower Palaeolithic site in the Jordan Valley. QEDEM, Monographs of the Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
8. Begin, Z,B., Ehrlich, A., Nathan, Y. 1974. Lake Lisan, the Pleistocene precursor of the Dead Sea. Geological Survey of Israel, Bulletin No. 63, Jerusalem.
9. Begin, Z.B., Broecker, W., Buchbinder, B., Druckman, Y., Kaufman, A., Magaritz, M., Neev, D. 1985, Dead Sea and Lake Lisan levels in the last 30,000 years: a preliminary report. Internal report, Geological Survey of Israel.
10. Belitzky, S., Nadel, D. 2002. Late Pleistocene and recent tectonic deformations at the Ohalo II prehistoric site (19K) and the evolution of the Jordan River outlet from the Sea of Galilee. Geoarchaeology: An International Journal 17(5): 453-464.
11. Belmaker, M. 2002. The small mammals from Ohalo II and the environment. In: Nadel, D., ed. Ohalo II-a 23,000 year-old fisher-hunter-gatherers' camp on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. Hecht Museum, Haifa, pp. 37-38.
12. Garfinkel, Y. 1990. Gesher, un nouveau site "Neolithique Preceramique A" dans la moyenne Vallee du Jordain, Israel. L'Anthropologie 94(4): 903-906.
13. Goldberg, P. 1994. Interpreting late Quaternary continental sequences in Israel. In: Bar-Yosef, O,, Kra, R.S., eds. Late Quaternary chronology and Palaeoclimates of the Eastern Mediterranean. Radiocarbon, Tucson, AZ, pp. 89-102.
14. Goren-Inbar, N., Belitzki, S., Verosub, K., Werker, E., Kislev, M.E., Heimann, A., Carmi, I., Rosenfeld, A. 1992. New discoveries at the Middle Pleistocene Acheulian site of Gesher Benot Ya'aqov, Israel. Quaternary Research 38: 117-128.
15. Goring-Morris, A.N. 1980. Upper Palaeolithic sites from Wadi Fazael, Lower Jordan Valley. Paléorient 6: 173-191.
16. Hazan, N. 2002. Levels of Lake Kinneret/Lake Lisan. In: Nadel, D., ed. Ohalo II-a 23,000 year-old fisher-huntergatherers' camp on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. Hecht Museum, Haifa, pp. 52-56 (in Hebrew).
17. Hovers, E. 1990. Art in the Levantine Epi-Palaeolithic: an engraved pebble from a Kebaran site in the Lower Jordan Valley. Current Anthropology 31(3): 317-322.
18. Kenyon, K.M., ed. 1981. Excavations at Jericho, Vol. III. The British School of Archaeology, Jerusalem.
19. Kislev, M.E., Simchoni, O. 2002. Reconstructing the palaeoecology of Ohalo II, an early Epipalaeolithic site in Israel. In: Mason, S.L.R., Hather, J.G., eds. Huntergatherer archaeobotany: perspective from the Northern Temperate zone. Archetype Publications, London, pp. 179-184.
20. Kislev, M.E., Nadel, D., Carmi, I. 1992. Epipalaeolithic (19,000 BP) cereal and fruit diet at Ohalo II, Sea of Galilee, Israel. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 73: 161-166.
21. Liphschitz, N., Nadel, D. 1997. Epipalaeolithic (19,000 B.P.) charred wood remains from Ohalo II, Sea of Galilee, Israel. Mitekufat Haeven, Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society 27: 5-18.
22. Machlus, M., Enzel, E., Goldstein, S.L., Marco, S., Stein, M. 2000. Reconstructing low levels of Lake Lisan by correlating fan-delta and lacustrine deposits. Quaternary International 73/74: 137-144.
23. Magee, J.W. 1991. Late Quaternary lacustrine, groundwater, aeolian and pedogenic gypsum in the Prungle Lakes, southeastern Australia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 84: 3-42.
24. Maher, B., Taylor, R.M. 1988. Formation of ultrafinegrained magnetite in soils. Nature 336: 368-370.
25. Marco, S. 2002. Paleomagnetic records from southern Sea of Galilee reveal Late Pleistocene deformation, secular variation, and the Mono Lake excursion. In: Beck, A., Katz, V., Ken-Tor, R., eds. Israel Geological Society Annual Meeting, p. 76 (Abstract).
26. Marco, S. 2002. Late Pleistocene paleomagnetic secular variation from the Sea of Galilee, Israel. Geophysics Research Letters 29: doi: 10.1029/2001 GL014038.
27. Nadel, D. 1993. Submerged archaeological sites on the shores of Lake Kinneret, Israel. 'Atiqot (English Series) XXII: 1-12.
28. Nadel, D., ed. 2002. Ohalo II-a 23,000 year-old fisher-hunter-gatherers' camp on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. Hecht Museum, Haifa (English/Hebrew).
29. Nadel, D., Werker, E. 1999. The oldest ever brush hut plant remains from Ohalo II, Jordan Valley, Israel (19 K BP). Antiquity 73 (282): 755-764.
30. Nadel, D., Danin, A., Werker, E., Schick, T., Kislev, M.E., Stewart, K. 1994. 19,000 year-old twisted fibers from Ohalo II. Current Anthropology 35(4): 451-458.
31. Nadel, D., Carmi, I., Segal, D. 1995. Radiocarbon dating of Ohalo II: archaeological and methodological implications. Journal of Archaeological Science 22(6): 811-822.
32. Nadel, D., Belitzky, S., Boaretto, E., Carmi, I., Heinemeier, J., Werker, E., Marco, S. 2001. New dates from submerged late Pleistocene sediments in the Sea of Galilee, Israel. Radiocarbon 43(3): 1167-1178.
33. Nun, M. 1991. The Sea of Galilee. Water levels, past and present. Published by Tourist Department and Kinnereth Sailing Co., Kibbutz Ein Gev.
34. Rabenhorst, M.C., James, B.R. 1992. Iron sulfidization in tidal marsh soils. In: Skinner, H.C.W., Fitzpatrick, R.W., eds. Biomineralization processes of iron and manganese. Modern and Ancient Environments, Catena Supplement 21, pp. 203-217.
35. Rabinovich, R. 2002. The mammal bones: environment, food and tools. In: Nadel, D., ed. Ohalo II-a 23,000 year-old fisher-hunter-gatherers' camp on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. Hecht Museum, Haifa, pp. 24-27.
36. Reid, I., Frostick, L. 1993. Late Pleistocene rhythmite sedimentation at the margin of the Dead Sea trough: a guide to palaeoflood frequency. In: MacManus, J., Duck, R.W., eds. Geomorphology and Sedimentology of Lakes and Reservoirs, pp. 259-273.
37. Simmons, T. 2002. The birds at Ohalo II. In: Nadel, D,, ed. Ohalo II-a 23,000 year-old fisher-hunter-gatherers' camp on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. Hecht Museum, Haifa, pp. 32-36.
38. Simmons, T., Nadel, D. 1998. The avifauna of the Early Epipalaeolithic site of Ohato II (19,400 B.P.), Israel: species diversity, habitat and seasonality. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 8(2): 79-96.
39. Stein, M. 2001. The sedimentary and geochemical record of Neogene-Quaternary water bodies in the Dead Sea Basin-inferences for the regional paleoclimatic history. Journal of Paleolimnology 26: 271-282.
40. Stein, M., Starinsky, A., Katz, A., Goldstein, S.L., Machlus, M., Schramm, A. 1997. Strontium isotopic, chemical, and sedimentological evidence for the evolution of Lake Lisan and the Dead Sea. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 61: 3975-3992.
41. Stoops, G., Eswaran, H., Abtahi, A. 1978. Scanning electron microscopy of authigenic sulfate minerals in soils. In: Delgado, M., ed. Soil micromorphology, Vol. II: 1093-1114. Arte Prieto Moreno, Maracena (Granada).
42. Tchernov, E. 1988. The biogeographical history of the Southern Levant. In: Yom-Tov, Y., Tchernov, E., eds. The zoogeography of Israel. Dr W Junk, Dordrecht, pp. 401-409.
43. Tsatskin, A., Nadel, D. 2003. Formation processes at the Ohalo II submerged prehistoric campsite, Israel, deduced from soil micromorphology and magnetic susceptibility studies. Geoarchaeology 18(4): 409-432.
44. Weinstein-Evron, M. 1993. Palaeoecological reconstructions of the Upper Palaeolithic in the Levant. In: Pavuk, J., ed. Actes du XIIe Congres International des Sciences Prehistoriques et Protohistoriques. Institut Archeologique de l'Academie Slovaque des Sciences, Bratislava, pp. 259-270.
45. Zohary, M. 1962. Plant life of Palestine: Israel and Jordan. Ronald Press, New York.