Imagined geographies: Sovereignty, indigenous space, and American Indian struggle

American Ethnologist

Volumn 32, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 239-259

  Biolsi, Thomas ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Indigenous; Law; Nation state; Native; Race; Sovereignty; Space

Indexed keywords

EID: 19744373054     PISSN: 00940496     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1525/ae.2005.32.2.239     Document Type: Article

References (103)

1. Aleinikoff, T. Alexander 2002 Semblances of Sovereignty: The Constitution, the State, and American Citizenship. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
2. Anderson, Benedict 1991[1983] Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Rev. edition. London: Verso.
3. Anderson, Perry 1974 Lineages of the Absolutist State. London: NLB.
4. Asch, Michael 1993 Home and Native Land: Aboriginal Rights and the Canadian Constitution. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
5. Biersteker, Thomas J., and Cynthia Weber 1996 The Social Construction of State Sovereignty. In State Sovereignty as Social Construct. Thomas J. Biersteker and Cynthia Weber, eds. Pp. 1-21. New York: Cambridge University Press.
6. Biolsi, Thomas 1995 The Birth of the Reservation: Making the Modern Individual among the Lakota. American Ethnologist 22(1):28-53.
7. 1997 Haviland Scudded Mekeel and the Anthropological Construction of "Indians." In Indians and Anthropologists: Vine Deloria, Jr., and the Critique of Anthropology. Thomas Biolsi and Larry J. Zimmerman, eds. Pp. 133-159. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
8. 2001 "Deadliest Enemies": Law and the Making of Race Relations on and off Rosebud Reservation. Berkeley: University of California Press.
9. 2004 Political and Legal Status ("Lower 48" States). In Companion to the Anthropology of American Indians. Thomas Biolsi, ed. Pp. 231-247. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
10. Bourland, Gregg 2002 Indian America Is under Attack. Lakota Journal, March 22-29: A5.
11. Brooks, James F., ed. 2002 Confounding the Color Line: The Indian-Black Experience in North America. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
12. Brown, Caroline L. 2004 Political and Legal Status of Alaska Natives. In Companion to the Anthropology of American Indians. Thomas Biolsi, ed. Pp. 248-267. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
13. Brown, Michael K., Martin Carnoy, Elliott Currie, Troy Duster, David B. Oppenheimer, Marjorie M. Schultz, and David Wellmen 2003 White-Washing Race: The Myth of a Color-Blind Society. Berkeley: University of California Press.
14. Brubaker, Rogers 1992 Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
15. Buff, Rachel 2001 Immigration and the Political Economy of Home: West Indian Brooklyn and American Indian Minneapolis, 1945-1992. Berkeley: University of California Press.
16. Bush, George W. 2002 National American Indian Heritage Month, 2002. Electronic document, http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/11/20021101-7. html, accessed March 20, 2004.
17. Castile, George Pierre 1992 Indian Sign: Hegemony and Symbolism in Federal Indian Policy. In State and Reservation: New Perspectives on Federal Indian Policy. George Pierre Castile and Robert L. Bee, eds. Pp. 165-186. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
18. Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce 2000 American Indian Reservations, electronic document, http://www.census.gov/dmd/www/pdf/512indre. pdf, accessed February 19, 2005.
19. Champagne, Duane, and Jay Stauss, eds. 2002 Native American Studies in Higher Education: Models for Collaboration between Universities and Indigenous Nations. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
20. Churchill, Ward 1999 The Crucible of American Indian Identity: Native Tradition versus Colonial Imposition in Postconquest North America. American Indian Culture and Research Journal 23(1):39-67.
21. Citizens Equal Rights Alliance N.d. Citizens Equal Rights Alliance. Electronic document, http://www.citizensalliance.org/, accessed March 24, 2004.
22. Clifford, James 1988 Identity in Mashpee. In The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth-Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art. Pp. 277-346. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
23. 1997[1994] Diasporas. In Routes: Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century. Pp. 244-277. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
24. Clinton, William J. 1996 Indian Sacred Sites, Executive Order 13007 (29 May). Federal Register 61(104):26771-26772.
25. 1998 Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments, Executive Order 13084 (14 May). Federal Register 63(96):27655-27657.
26. 1999 Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments Executive Order 13175 (6 Nov). Federal Register 65(218):67249-67252.
27. Cohen, Fay G. 1986 Treaties on Trial: The Continuing Controversy over Northwest Indian Fishing Rights. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
28. Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission 1992 1992 Annual Report. Portland, OR: Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission.
29. Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon 1992 Declaration of Sovereignty. Electronic document, http://www.warmspring.com, accessed March 20, 2004.
30. Cook-Lynn, Elizabeth 1997 Who Stole Native American Studies? Wicazo Sa Review 12(1):9-28.
31. Deloria, Philip 2004 Indians in Unexpected Places. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
32. Deloria, Vine, Jr. 1985 [1974] Behind the Trail of Broken Treaties: An Indian Declaration of Independence. Austin: University of Texas Press.
33. Dombrowski, Kirk 2001 Against Culture: Development, Politics, and Religion in Indian Alaska. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
34. 2004 The Politics of Native Culture. In Companion to the Anthropology of American Indians. Thomas Biolsi, ed. Pp. 360-382. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
35. Ferguson, James 1997 Paradoxes of Sovereignty and Independence: "Real" and "Pseudo" Nation-States and the Depoliticization of Poverty. In Siting Culture: The Shifting Anthropological Object. Karen Fog Olwig and Kirsten Hastrup, eds. Pp. 123-141. New York: Routledge.
36. Ferguson, James, and Akhil Gupta 2002 Spatiallzing States: Toward an Ethnography of Neoliberal Governmentality. American Ethnologist 29(4):981-1002.
37. Fixico, Donald L. 1986 Termination and Relocation: Federal Indian Policy, 1945-1960. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
38. Forbes, Jack D. 1990 Undercounting Native Americans: The 1980 Census and the Manipulation of Racial Identity in the United States. Wicazo Sa Review 6(1):2-26.
39. Ford, Richard T. 2001 Law's Territory (A History of Jurisdiction). In The Legal Geographies Reader: Law, Power, and Space. Nicholas Blomley, David Delaney, and Richard T. Ford, eds. Pp. 200-217. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
40. Frug, Gerald E. 1991 City Making: Building Communities without Building Walls. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
41. Giago, Tim 2001 It May Be Time for America to Look Inward. Lakota Journal, September 28-October 4.
42. Gilroy, Paul 1993 The Black Atlantic: Modernity and the Double Consciousness. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
43. Harring, Sidney L. 1994 Crow Dog's Case: American Indian Sovereignty, Tribal Law, and United States Law in the Nineteenth Century. New York: Cambridge University Press.
44. Harris, Angela P. 1990 Race and Essentialism in Feminist Legal Theory. Stanford Law Review 42(3):581-616.
45. Harris, Cole 2002 Making Native Space: Colonialism, Resistance, and Reserves in British Columbia. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
46. Hertzberg, Hazel W. 1971 The Search for an American Indian Identity: Modern Pan-Indian Movements. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press.
47. Hoxie, Frederick E. 2005 Settler Colonialism Forum. American Historical Review.
48. Indian Country Today 2003 America Goes to War. Indian Country Today, March 26: A1, A3.
49. Indian Law Resource Center N.d.a Western Shoshone Land Rights. Electronic document, http://www.indianlaw.org/western_shoshone_page.htm, accessed October 18, 2004.
50. N.d.b United Nations. Electronic document, http://www.indianlaw.org/ united_nations.htm, accessed October 18, 2004.
51. International Indian Treaty Council N.d.a Our Mission. Electronic document, http://www.treatycouncil.org/home.htm, accessed October 18, 2004.
52. N.d.b Declaration for the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Electronic document, http://www.treatycouncil.org/new_page_51.htm, accessed October 18, 2004.
53. Jackson, Deborah Davis 2002 Our Elders Lived It: American Indian Identity in the City. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press.
54. Jackson, Robert H. 1990 Quasi-States: Sovereignty, International Relations, and the Third World. New York: Cambridge University Press.
55. Jaimes, M. Annette 1992 Federal Indian Identification Policy: A Usurpation of Indigenous Sovereignty in North America. In The State of Native America: Genocide, Colonization, and Resistance. M. Annette Jaimes, ed. Pp. 123-138. Boston: South End Press.
56. Johnson, Troy R. 1996 The Occupation of Alcatraz Island: Indian Self-Determination and the Rise of Indian Activism. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
57. Johnson, Troy, Joane Nagel, and Duane Champagne, eds. 1997 American Indian Activism: Alcatraz to the Longest Walk. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
58. Josephy, Alvin M., Jr., Joane Nagel, and Troy Johnson, eds. 1999[1971] Red Power: The American Indians' Fight for Freedom. 2nd edition. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
59. Kapur, Carl Cpstanzo 2004 Native Hawaiians. In Companion to the Anthropology of American Indians. Thomas Biolsi, ed. Pp. 412-431. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
60. Kearney, Michael 1998 Transnationalism in California and Mexico at the End of Empire. In Border Identities: Nation and State at International Frontiers. Thomas Wilson and Hastings Donnon, eds. Pp. 117-141. New York: Cambridge University Press.
61. Kitzhaber, John 1996 State/Tribal Government-to-Government Relations, Executive Order 96-30. Electronic document, http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/ governors/Kitzhaber/web_pages/governor/legal/execords.htm, accessed December 17, 2004.
62. Leitner, Helga 2004 The Politics of Scale and Networks of Spatial Connectivity: Transnational Interurban Networks and the Rescaling of Political Governance in Europe. In Scale and Geographic Inquiry: Nature, Society, and Method. Eric Sheppard and Robert B. McMaster, eds. Pp. 236-255. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
63. MacKinnon, Catherine A. 1987[1983] Whose Culturel A Case Note on Martinez v. Santa Clara Pueblo. In Feminism Unmodified: Discourses on Law and Life. Pp. 63-69. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
64. Macklem, Patrick 2001 Indigenous Difference and the Constitution of Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
65. Malkki, Liisa 1997[1992] National Geographic: The Rooting of Peoples and the Territorialization of National Identity among Scholars and Refugees. In Culture, Power, Place: Explorations in Critical Anthropology. Akhil Gupta and James Ferguson, eds. Pp. 52-74. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
66. Mason, W. Dale 2000 Indian Gaming: Tribal Sovereignty and American Politics. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
67. Mattingly, Garrett 1988[1955] Renaissance Diplomacy. New York: Dover.
68. McKee, Christopher 2000 Treaty Talks in British Columbia: Negotiating a Mutually Beneficial Future. 2nd edition. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
69. Mercer, David 1997 Aboriginal Self-Determination and Indigenous Land Title in Post-Mabo Australia. Political Geography 16(3): 189-212.
70. Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development 1995 Aboriginal Self-Government. Electronic document, http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/pr/pub/sg/ plcy_e.html, accessed October 13, 2004.
71. Murphy, Alexander B. 1996 The Sovereign State System as Political-Territorial Ideal: Historical and Contemporary Considerations. In State Sovereignty as Social Construct. Thomas J. Biersteker and Cynthia Webber, eds. Pp. 81-120. New York: Cambridge University Press.
72. National Congress of American Indians N.d.a Anti-Defamation and Mascots. Electronic document, http://www.ncai.org/main/pages/issues/other_issues/mascots. asp, accessed April 19, 2004.
73. N.d.b Native Vote 2004, Electronic document, http://www.ncai.org/main/ pages/issues/other_issues/nativevote.asp, accessed October 16, 2004.
74. National Native Title Tribunal 2003 What Is Native Title? Fact Sheet No la. Electronic document, http://www.nntt.gov.au/publications/1035773354_1456. html, accessed October 18, 2004.
75. New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Services N.d. Aboriginal Co-Management of Parks. Electronic document, http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov. au/npws.nsf/Content/Aboriginal+co-management+of+parks, accessed October 18, 2004.
76. Omi, Michael, and Howard Winant 1994[1986] Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the 1990s. 2nd edition. New York: Routledge.
77. One Nation United N.d. One Nation United. Electronic document, http://www.onenationok.com/index.php?menu=1, accessed October 18, 2004.
78. Ong, Aihwa 1999 Flexible Citizenship: The Cultural Logics of Transnationality. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
79. Peters, Evelyn J. 1998 Subversive Spaces: First Nations Women and the City. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 16:665-685.
80. The Peyote Road 1992 Fidel Moreno, Gary Rhine, and Phil Cousineau, dirs. 60 min. Kifaru Productions. San Francisco.
81. Poggi, Gianfranco 1978 The Development of the Modern State: A Sociological Introduction. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
82. Porter, Robert B. 1999 The Demise of the Ongwehoweh and the Rise of the Native Americans: Redressing the Genocidal Act of Forcing American Citizenship upon Indigenous Peoples. Harvard BlackLetter Journal 15:107-183.
83. Povinelli, Elizabeth A. 2002 The Cunning of Recognition: Indigenous Alterities and the Making of Australian Multiculturalism. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
84. Ramirez, Renya 2004 Community Healing and Cultural Citizenship. In Companion to the Anthropology of American Indians. Thomas Biolsi, ed. Pp. 398-411. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
85. Reynolds, Henry 1996 After Mabo, What about Aboriginal Sovereignty? Australian Humanities Review, Issue 1, April-June. Electronic document, http://www.kooriweb.org/gst/sovereignty/reynolds.html, accessed October 15, 2004.
86. Ross, Denise 2004 Witnesses Testify on Racism at ACLU Trial. Rapid City Journal, April 15. Electronic document, http://www.rapidcityjournal.com/ articles/2004/04/15/front/top/news01.txt, accessed April 20.
87. Ruggie, John Gerard 1998 Constructing the World Policy: Essays on International Institutionalization. New York: Routledge.
88. Sahlins, Peter 1989 Boundaries: The Making of France and Spain in the Pyrenees. Berkeley: University of California Press.
89. Sider, Gerald 2003[1993] Living Indian Histories: Lumbee and Tuscarora People in North Carolina. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
90. Silvern, Steven E. 1999 Scales of Justice: Law, American Indian Treaty Rights and the Political Construction of Scale. Political Geography 18(6):639-668.
91. 2002 State Centrism, the Equal Footing Doctrine, and the Historical-Legal Geographies of American Indian Treaty Rights. Historical Geography 30:33-58.
92. Stacy, Helen 2003 Relational Sovereignty. Stanford Law Review 55(5): 2029-2059.
93. Steinberger, Ruth 2001 Redistricting: Redrawing the Lines of Who Is Elected and Who Is Not. Lakota Journal, August 12: A3.
94. Stiffarm, Lenore A., and Phil Lane Jr. 1992 The Demography of Native North America: A Question of American Indian Survival. In The State of Native America: Genocide, Colonization, and Resistance. M. Annette Jaimes, ed. Pp. 23-53. Boston: South End Press.
95. Taylor, Peter J. 2004 Is There a Europe of Cities?: World Cities and the Limitations of Geographical Scale Analysis. In Scale and Geographic Inquiry: Nature, Society, and Method. Eric Sheppard and Robert B. McMaster, eds. Pp. 213-235. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
96. Thomas, Robert K. 1968[1965] Pan-Indianism. In The American Indian Today. Stuart Levine and Nancy O. Lurie, eds. Pp. 128-140. Baltimore: Penguin Books.
97. Todd County Tribune 2003 Letter to the Editor: We Must Pray for Peace for the United States. Todd County Tribune, March 19.
98. Trask, Haunani-Kay 1999 From a Native Daughter; Colonialism and Sovereignty in Hawai'i. Rev. edition. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
99. Warren, Kay B. 1998 Indigenous Movements and Their Critics: Pan-Maya Activism in Guatemala. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
100. Warrior, Robert Allen 1995 Tribal Secrets: Recovering American Indian Intellectual Traditions. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
101. Webber, Jeremey 2000 Beyond Regret: Mabo's Implication for Australian Constitutionalism. In Political Theory and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Duncan Ivison, Paul Patton, and Will Sanders, eds. Pp. 60-88. New York: Cambridge University Press.
102. Wilkins, David E., and K. Tsianina Lomawaima 2001 Uneven Grounds: American Indian Sovereignty and Federal Law. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
103. Young, Iris Marion 2000 Hybrid Democracy: Iroquois Federalism and the Postcolonial Project. In Political Theory and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Duncan Ivison, Paul Patton, and Will Sanders, eds. Pp. 237-258. New York: Cambridge University Press.