Engineering space and time: Moving pictures and motionless trips

Journal of Historical Geography

Volumn 31, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 41-60

  Clarke, David B ^a   Doel, Marcus A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^b SWANSEA UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NINETEENTH CENTURY; PHOTOGRAPHY;

EID: 19644387313     PISSN: 03057488     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2003.08.022     Document Type: Article

References (142)

1. P. Virilio The last vehicle in: D. Kamper C. Wulf (Eds.) Looking Back on the End of the World 1989 New York 110
2. J. Peterson, World Pictures: Travelogue Films and the Lure of the Exotic, 1890-1920, Ann Arbor, 1999, MI.
3. M.A. Pyke Focusing the Universe 1910 London 5
4. S. Bottomore 'Nine days' wonder': Early cinema and its sceptics in: C. Williams (Ed.) Cinema: The Beginnings and the Future 1996 London 135-149
5. The Westminster Budget IV (91) (1894) 754 26 October
6. The Optical Magic Lantern Journal and Photographic Enlarger, 6 (68) (1895) 3 January
7. A.V. Mozley (Ed.) Muybridge's Complete Human and Animal Locomotion 3 volumes 1979 New York
8. N. Burch, Life to Those Shadows, London, 1990, claims that Muybridge's photographs were received with widespread incredulity and disfavour, on both scientific and aesthetic grounds.
9. W. Benjamin A Small History of Photography, in: One-way Street and Other Writings 1979 London
10. J. Lacan The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psycho-analysis 1977 London 72
11. A. Easthope Privileging Difference 2002 Basingstoke 10
12. S. Heath Questions of Cinema 1981 London
13. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 Cambridge, MA
14. M. Crang Rethinking the observer: Film, mobility, and the construction of the subject in: T. Cresswell and D. Dixon (Eds.) Engaging Film: Geographies of Mobility and Identity 2002 Lanham 13-31
15. S. Heath Questions of Cinema 1981 London 36-38
16. D.N. Rodowick Gilles Deleuze's Time Machine 1997 Durham, NC 3
17. G. Deleuze Cinema 1: The Movement-Image 1986 London
18. The 'train effect' (q.v.) notwithstanding, early films were usually depthless: A. Lant, Haptical cinema, October 74 (1995) 45-73
19. M.A. Doel and D.B. Clarke An invention without a future, a solution without a problem: Motor pirates, time machines and drunkenness on the screen in: R. Kitchin and J. Kneale (Eds.) Lost in Space: Geographies of Science Fiction 2002 London 136-155
20. I. Christie The Last Machine: Early Cinema and the Birth of the Modern World 1994 London 117
21. S. During Modern Enchantments: The Cultural and Secular Power of Magic 2002 Cambridge, MA
22. R.O. Moore Savage Theory: Cinema as Modern Magic 2000 Durham, NC
23. S. Heath Questions of Cinema 1981 London 52, 53
24. G. Deleuze Cinema 1: The Movement-Image 1986 London 1
25. The Optical Lantern and Kinematograph Journal, II (1906) 183 August
26. Georges Méliès' Star-Film was one of the main casualties of this restructuring
27. The Kinematograph and Lantern Weekly, 3 (84) (1908) 823 17 December
28. Charles Urban Trading Co. catalogue (February 1905) 6, reproduced in: S. Herbert (Ed), A History of Early Film, vol. 3, London, 2000, 84.
29. H. Bergson Duration and Simultaneity: Bergson and the Einsteinian Universe 1999 Manchester 42, 37
30. G. Deleuze Cinema 2: The Time-Image 1989 London 2
31. H. Bergson Creative Evolution 1984 Lanham
32. W. Benjamin, cited J. McCole, Walter Benjamin and the Antinomies of Tradition, London, 1993, 6, 7
33. Cf. A. Vidler The explosion of space: Architecture and the filmic imaginary Assemblage 21 1993 44-59
34. S. Kern The Culture of Time and Space 1880-1918 1983 Cambridge, MA 71
35. S. Kern The Culture of Time and Space 1880-1918 1983 Cambridge, MA 117
36. P. Snickars and M. Björkin Early Swedish (non-fiction) cinema and cartography Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 22 3 2002 275-290
37. The Optical Magic Lantern Journal and Photographic Enlarger, 8 (97) (1897) 105 June.
38. S. Bottomore The panicking audience?: Early cinema and the 'train effect' Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 19 1999 177-216
39. I. Christie The Last Machine: Early Cinema and the Birth of the Modern World 1994 London 15
40. S. Oettermann The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium 1997 New York 110
41. The phrase, the 'train effect', originates with Y. Tsivian, Early Cinema in Russia and Its Cultural Reception, London, 1994
42. S. Bottomore 'Nine days' wonder': Early cinema and its sceptics in: C. Williams (Ed.) Cinema: The Beginnings and the Future 1996 not known London 179
43. T. Gunning An aesthetic of astonishment: Early film and the (in)credulous spectator in: L. Williams (Ed.) Viewing Positions: Ways of Seeing Film 1995 New Brunswick
44. R. Cooter and B. Luckin (Eds.) Accidents in History: Injuries, Fatalities and Social Solutions 1997 not known Amsterdam
45. The Sketch, 18 March 1896
46. cited I. Christie, The Last Machine: Early Cinema and the Birth of the Modern World, London, 1994, 15
47. E. Stanley, The Railer, Blackwood's Magazine, 28 (1830) 825
48. cited R.D. Altick, The Shows of London, Cambridge, MA, 1978, 219
49. E. Ezra Georges Méliès: The Birth of the Auteur 2000 Manchester
50. Birt Acres, Lecture to the Camera Club, London, 1897
51. cited J. Barnes, The Rise of the Cinema in Gt. Britain: The Beginnings of the Cinema in England 1894-1901. Vol. 2: Jubilee Year 1897, London, 1983, 21
52. The Optical Lantern and Kinematograph Journal, I (1905) 143 April
53. The Optical Lantern and Kinematograph Journal, II (1906) 132 May. The Kammatograph was an adapted 'photographie gun', developed in 1874 by Pierre-Jules-Cesar Janssen to record forty-eight images around the edge of a circular plate. Kamm's device recorded many more images in a spiral formation across the whole plate
54. The Kinematograph and Lantern Weekly, 2 (38) (1908) unpaginated, 30 January
55. L. Kirby Parallel Tracks: The Railroad and Silent Cinema 1997 Exeter
56. W. Schivelbusch The Railway Journey: The Industrialization of Time and Space in the Nineteenth Century 1986 Oxford 61
57. J. Clarétie, Voyages d'un Parisien, Paris, 1865
58. cited W. Schivelbusch, The Railway Journey: The Industrialization of Time and Space in the Nineteenth Century, Oxford, 1986, 61
59. W. Schivelbusch The Railway Journey: The Industrialization of Time and Space in the Nineteenth Century 1986 Oxford
60. S. Oettermann The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium 1997 New York 6
61. J. Crary, Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century, Cambridge, MA, 1990, 6
62. Of the Parisian dioramas and panoramas, Benjamin writes: 'It was, in the first moment, as though you had entered an aquarium. ...But what came to light here were open-air, atmospheric wonders' W. Benjamin, The Arcades Project, Cambridge, MA, 1999, 533
63. R. Barthes The Eiffel Tower in: S. Sontag (Ed.) A Barthes Reader 1982 New York 241-242
64. S. Oettermann The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium 1997 New York 22
65. Cf. M. Foucault Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison 1977 New York 317
66. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 Cambridge, MA 113
67. S. Oettermann The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium 1997 New York 59
68. E. Stanley, The Railer, Blackwood's Magazine, 28 (1830) 825
69. cited S. Oettermann, The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium, New York, 1997, 113, 114
70. S. Oettermann The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium 1997 New York 63
71. B. Comment The Panorama 1999 London 63
72. Similarly, the Paris aquarium, built in 1878, included a wrecked ship and animated mermaids.
73. R.D. Altick, The Shows of London, Cambridge, MA, 1978, 217, claims that Jack Bologna put on a similar show called the Phantoscopia at the London Lyceum around 1796.
74. W. Nicholson, Narrative and explanation of the appearance of phantoms and other figures in the exhibition of the phantasmagoria, Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry and the Arts, 1 (1802) 148
75. cited; T. Castle, Phantasmagoria: Spectral technology and the metaphorics of modern reverie, Critical Inquiry, 15 (1988) 38
76. W. Benjamin The Arcades Project 1999 Cambridge, MA 533
77. S. Buck-Morss The Dialectics of Seeing: Walter Benjamin and the Arcades Project 1989 Cambridge, MA
78. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 Cambridge, MA
79. B.M. Stafford Artful Science: Enlightenment Entertainment and the Eclipse of Visual Education 1994 Cambridge, MA
80. R.O. Moore Savage Theory: Cinema as Modern Magic 2000 Durham, NC 71
81. X.T. Barber The roots of travel cinema: John L. Stoddard, E. Burton Holmes and the nineteenth-century illustrated travel lecture Film History 5 1993 68
82. X.T. Barber The roots of travel cinema: John L. Stoddard, E. Burton Holmes and the nineteenth-century illustrated travel lecture Film History 5 1993 68
83. J.R. Ryan Visualizing imperial geography: Halford Mackinder and the Colonial Office Visual Instruction Committee, 1902-1911 Ecumene 1 2 1994 157-176
84. O. Cook Movement in Two Dimensions: A Study of the Animated and Projected Pictures Which Preceded the Invention of Cinematography 1963 London 101
85. A.T. Sutherland The Yorkshire pioneers in: J.L. Fell (Ed.) Film Before Griffith 1983 Cambridge, MA 92-98
86. R.D. Altick The Shows of London 1978 Cambridge, MA 219
87. C.W. Ceram Archaeology of the Cinema 1965 London
88. O. Cook Movement in Two Dimensions: A Study of the Animated and Projected Pictures Which Preceded the Invention of Cinematography 1963 London 88-89
89. D. Robinson S. Herbert and R. Crangle (Eds.) Encyclopaedia of the Magic Lantern 2001 London
90. W. Benjamin The Arcades Project 1999 Cambridge, MA 531
91. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 not known Cambridge, MA 112-113
92. W. Benjamin The Arcades Project 1999 529
93. S. Oettermann The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium 1997 New York 71
94. S. Oettermann The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium 1997 New York 77
95. B. Comment The Panorama 1999 London 61
96. P. Virilio The Vision Machine 1994 London 41
97. S. Oettermann The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium 1997 New York 80
98. W. Schivelbusch The Railway Journey: The Industrialization of Time and Space in the Nineteenth Century 1986 Oxford 62
99. Photographic Review of Reviews, 1(4) (1892) 138 15 April
100. P. Carpenter, J.A.R. Rudge, in: S. Herbert, and L. McKernan (Eds), Who's Who of Victorian Cinema: A Worldwide Survey, London, 1996, 125-126
101. D. Rossell Living Pictures: The Origins of the Movies 1998 Albany, NY
102. S. Barber Projected Cities: Cinema and Urban Space 2002 London
103. Cited I. Christie, The Last Machine: Early Cinema and the Birth of the Modern World, London, 1994, 95.
104. M. Braun and É.-J. Marey Picturing Time: The Work of Étienne-Jules Marey (1830-1904) 1992 Chicago, IL xviii
105. M. Braun and É.-J. Marey Picturing Time: The Work of Étienne-Jules Marey (1830-1904) 1992 Chicago, IL xviii
106. D.N. Rodowick Gilles Deleuze's Time Machine 1997 Durham, NC 8
107. D.N. Rodowick Gilles Deleuze's Time Machine 1997 Durham, NC 63
108. H. Buddemeier, Panorama, Diorama, Photographie: Entstehung und Werkung neuer Medien im 19. Jahrhundert (Munich, 1970), 78
109. cited W. Schivelbusch, The Railway Journey: The Industrialization of Time and Space in the Nineteenth Century, Oxford, 1986, 61
110. S. Oettermann The Panorama: History of a Mass Medium 1997 New York 83
111. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 Cambridge, MA
112. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 Cambridge, MA 14
113. G. Deleuze and F. Guattari Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia 1983 London
114. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 not known Cambridge, MA 122
115. Cited W. Benjamin, The Arcades Project, Cambridge, MA, 1999, 530.
116. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 Cambridge, MA 123, 124
117. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 Cambridge, MA 125
118. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 Cambridge, MA 126
119. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 Cambridge, MA 127
120. J. Crary Techniques of the Observer: On Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 1990 Cambridge, MA 132
121. J.-F. Lyotard (Ed) The Assassination of Experience by Painting - Monory 1998 London 135
122. Cited J. Barnes, The Beginnings of the Cinema in England, London, 1976, 37.
123. R. Fielding Hale's Tours: Ultrarealism in the pre-1910 motion picture in: J.L. Fell (Ed.) Film Before Griffth 1983 Cambridge, MA 117
124. S. Horton Were they having fun yet? Victorian optical gadgetry, modernist selves in: C.T. Christ and J.O. Jordan (Eds.) Victorian Literature and the Victorian Visual Imagination 1995 Berkeley, CA 1-26
125. R. Abel The Ciné Goes to Town: French Cinema, 1896-1917 Expanded Edition 1994 Berkeley, CA 7
126. B. Comment The Panorama 1999 London 75
127. R. Fielding Hale's tours: Ultrarealism in the pre-1910 motion picture in: J.L. Fell (Ed.) Film Before Griffth 1983 Cambridge, MA 129
128. For an enthusiastic description of 'mechanical surroundings' to enhance the realism of train, balloon, and car films, see Mechanical effects and moving pictures: A profitable innovation, The Optical Lantern and Kinematograph Journal, II (1906) 146-147 June
129. R. Fielding Hale's tours: Ultrarealism in the pre-1910 motion picture in: J.L. Fell (Ed.) Film Before Griffth 1983 Cambridge, MA 124
130. The Kinematograph and Lantern Weekly, 1(3) (1907) 44 30 May.
131. The Kinematograph and Lantern Weekly, 1(4) (1907) 59 6 June.
132. The Optical Lantern and Kinematograph Journal, 3(5) (1907) 115 March
133. The Kinematograph and Lantern Weekly, 2(44) (1908) 315 12 March
134. The Bioscope, 130 (1909) 23 8 April
135. see also: U. Jung, Local views: A blind spot in the historiography of early German cinema, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, 22(3) (2002) 253-273
136. E.S. Abelson When Ladies Go A-Thieving: Middle-Class Shoplifters in the Victorian Department Store 1989 Oxford 84
137. The Optical Lantern and Kinematograph Journal, II (1906) 156-158 June
138. The Kinematograph and Lantern Weekly, 2(35) (1908) 143 9 January
139. The Kinematograph and Lantern Weekly, 2(37) (1908) 179 23 January
140. M.A. Doel and D.B. Clarke An invention without a future, a solution without a problem: Motor pirates, time machines and drunkenness on the screen in: R. Kitchin and J. Kneale (Eds.) Lost in Space: Geographies of Science Fiction 2002 London 136-155
141. The Optical Magic Lantern Journal and Photographic Enlarger, 8 (93) (1897) 39 February
142. The Optical Magic Lantern Journal and Photographic Enlarger, 8(95) (1897) 62 April