Smoking and the new health education in Britain 1950s-1970s

American Journal of Public Health

Volumn 95, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 956-964

  Berridge, Virginia ^a   Loughlin, Kelly ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADVERTIZING; HEALTH CARE; HEALTH EDUCATION; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; MASS COMMUNICATION; PUBLIC HEALTH; REVIEW; SMOKING; UNITED KINGDOM;

ADVERTISING; GREAT BRITAIN; HEALTH EDUCATION; HEALTH PROMOTION; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; INTERINSTITUTIONAL RELATIONS; LUNG NEOPLASMS; MASS MEDIA; POLITICS; PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION; PUBLIC POLICY; SMOKING; SMOKING CESSATION; SOCIAL MARKETING; STATE MEDICINE; TOBACCO INDUSTRY; TOBACCO USE DISORDER;

EID: 19644382349     PISSN: 00900036     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.037887     Document Type: Review

References (80)

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4. An anti-heroin campaign mounted in 1985-1986 had been a precursor of the later AIDS campaign. It proved controversial with researchers, who argued that mass media might be counterproductive and that the market research campaign evaluation had not been rigorous, See N, Dorn. "Media Campaigns." Druglink 1 (1986): 8-9.
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29. The research was carried out by the Road Research Laboratory and the campaign organized by the Advertising Division of the Central Office of Information, which drew on the services of commercial advertising companies. See F. Clark, The Central Office of Information (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1970).
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36. Interview with public relations consultant conducted by Virginia Berridge, 1995.
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38. Agreement on these restrictions was reached through the Office of the Postmaster General, which was charged with regulating television advertising.
39. By the 1960s, television had joined the press as a key media player in Britain. The one BBC channel in the 1950s was joined by a commercial channel in 1955. The BBC gained a second noncommercial channel in 1963. In 1958, income from television advertising exceeded that from the press for the first time. See K. Williams, Get Me a Murder a Day!, 217-219.
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54. As discussed in J. Lewis,. The Politics of Motherhood: Child and Maternal Welfare in England. 1900-1939 (London: Croom Helm, 1980).
55. See also L. Marks, Sexual Chemistry: A History of the Contraceptive Pill (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001), chap. 8
56. Evidence by Department of Health witnesses presented to the Select Committee on Preventive Medicine, 1976, in First Report from the Expenditure Committee: 1976-77 Session (London, 1977), 2137-2138.
57. B. Jacobson, The Ladykillers: Why Smoking Is a Feminist Issue (London: Pluto Press, 1981), 72.
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59. Also cited in B. Jacobson, The Ladykillers.
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64. See also V. Berridge and P. Stams, "The 'Invisible Industrialist' and Public Health: The Rise and Fall of 'Safer Smoking' in the 1970s," in Mediane, the Market and the Mass Media: Producing Health in the Twentieth Century, eds. V. Berridge and K. Loughlin (London: Routledge, forthcoming).
65. A. Petersen and D. Lupton, The New Public Health: Health and Self in the Age of Risk (London: Sage, 1996).
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70. Jacobson, The Ladykillers.
71. J. Curran and J. Seaton, Power Without Responsibility: The Press and Broadcasting in Britain. 4th ed. (London: Routledge, 1991).
72. On French health education, see L. Berlivet, "Uneasy Prevention: The Problematic Modernization of Health Education in France After 1975," in Medicine, the Market and the Mass Media: Producing Health in the Twentieth Century, eds. V. Berridge and K. Loughlin (London. Routledge, forthcoming);
73. on Switzerland, see M. Lengwiler, "Between War Propaganda and Advertising: The Visual Style of Accident Prevention as a Precursor to Post War Health Education in Switzerland," in Medicine, the Market and the Mass Media.
74. Royal College of Physicians. Minutes of the Committee on Smoking and Atmospheric Pollution, fifth meeting, January 4, 1961. "It was agreed that the report should include a section on the use of advertising against smoking[;] modem methods should be employed to combat modern methods."
75. M. Stacey, "The Health Service Consumer: A Sociological Misconception." Sociological Review Monographs 22 (1976): 194-200.
76. For a recent discussion of the effects of the mass media, see D. Reid, "How Effective Is Health Education via Mass Communications?," Health Education Journal 55 (1996): 332-344;
77. S. Ellis and A. Grey, Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): A Review of Reviews Into the Effectiveness of Non-Clinical Interventions (London: Health Development Agency, 2004);
78. K. Wellings and W. MacDowall, "Evaluating Mass Media Approaches," in Evaluating Health Promotion: Practice and Methods, eds. M. Thorogood and V. Coombes (Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2000), 113-128.
79. See. for example, G. Edwards, P. Anderson, T. F. Babor, et al., Alcohol Policy and the Public Good (Oxford: Oxford Medical Publications, 1994), 172-175.
80. The alcohol industry is currently experimenting with personal recommendation as a marketing technique, whereby promoters befriend and advise partygoers on what drink to buy.